Ali Haydar Efendi
Ali Haydar Efendi was born in Istanbul / Dersaadet in AH 1292. Recorded schooling includes 7 years at Rusdiye Mektebi. First work is recorded in Istanbul in AH 1307 (15 AH years after the recorded birth year). The surviving career record covers 3 distinct AH years between 1313 and 1315; it begins with Muhabere Memuru in Yalova (400 kuruş monthly). Recorded language competency: Turkish: Kitabet (writing); French: Kitabet (writing).
Honours, rank and legal records
Decoration wording is unrecorded in the linked text fields.
Sabıka / criminal records
Original wording and raw source values are not adjudicated findings or lifetime verdicts.
- October annual indicator
- 0
- Additional October code
- 0
Legal wording, values and source locators
- Original annual indicator value 0
AH 1313–1315
October personnel annual source · criminal · Any criminal record (1=yes)
Source lines 39068, 41566, 44093
Older EDA memur annual extract · adli
- Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memur annual extract · adli · Recorded source-year value: 1313
Source lines 35510 - Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memur annual extract · adli · Recorded source-year value: 1314
Source lines 35511 - Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memur annual extract · adli · Recorded source-year value: 1315
Source lines 35512
Older EDA memur annual extract · adli2
- Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memur annual extract · adli2 · Recorded source-year value: 1313
Source lines 35510 - Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memur annual extract · adli2 · Recorded source-year value: 1314
Source lines 35511 - Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memur annual extract · adli2 · Recorded source-year value: 1315
Source lines 35512
Older EDA memur annual extract · adli2y
- Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memur annual extract · adli2y · Recorded source-year value: 1313
Source lines 35510 - Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memur annual extract · adli2y · Recorded source-year value: 1314
Source lines 35511 - Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memur annual extract · adli2y · Recorded source-year value: 1315
Source lines 35512
Older EDA memur annual extract · adlisicilkaydi
- Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memur annual extract · adlisicilkaydi · AH 1313
Source lines 35510 - Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memur annual extract · adlisicilkaydi · AH 1314
Source lines 35511 - Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memur annual extract · adlisicilkaydi · AH 1315
Source lines 35512
Older EDA memur annual extract · adlixx
- Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memur annual extract · adlixx · Recorded source-year value: 1313
Source lines 35510 - Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memur annual extract · adlixx · Recorded source-year value: 1314
Source lines 35511 - Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memur annual extract · adlixx · Recorded source-year value: 1315
Source lines 35512
Older EDA memur annual extract · adliy
- Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memur annual extract · adliy · Recorded source-year value: 1313
Source lines 35510 - Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memur annual extract · adliy · Recorded source-year value: 1314
Source lines 35511 - Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memur annual extract · adliy · Recorded source-year value: 1315
Source lines 35512
Older EDA memur annual extract · criminal
- Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memur annual extract · criminal · AH 1313
Source lines 35510 - Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memur annual extract · criminal · AH 1314
Source lines 35511 - Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memur annual extract · criminal · AH 1315
Source lines 35512
Older EDA memureski annual extract · adlisicilkaydi
- Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memureski annual extract · adlisicilkaydi · AH 1313
Source lines 35510 - Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memureski annual extract · adlisicilkaydi · AH 1314
Source lines 35511 - Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memureski annual extract · adlisicilkaydi · AH 1315
Source lines 35512
Older EDA memureski annual extract · criminal
- Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memureski annual extract · criminal · AH 1313
Source lines 35510 - Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memureski annual extract · criminal · AH 1314
Source lines 35511 - Recorded code 0 · Older EDA memureski annual extract · criminal · AH 1315
Source lines 35512
October personnel annual source · criminal_record_times
- Recorded code 0 · October personnel annual source · criminal_record_times · AH 1313
Source lines 39068 - Recorded code 0 · October personnel annual source · criminal_record_times · AH 1314
Source lines 41566 - Recorded code 0 · October personnel annual source · criminal_record_times · AH 1315
Source lines 44093
September personnel source · adlisicilkaydi
- Recorded code 0 · September personnel source · adlisicilkaydi · AH 1313
Source lines 34414 - Recorded code 0 · September personnel source · adlisicilkaydi · AH 1314
Source lines 34412 - Recorded code 0 · September personnel source · adlisicilkaydi · AH 1315
Source lines 34413
September personnel source · criminal
- Recorded code 0 · September personnel source · criminal · AH 1313
Source lines 34414 - Recorded code 0 · September personnel source · criminal · AH 1314
Source lines 34412 - Recorded code 0 · September personnel source · criminal · AH 1315
Source lines 34413
Rank and honour codes
Original values across source assertions, including zero; meanings unverified. No grade, count or award status is inferred.
No honour or rank code assertion is linked in these additional sources.
Life and career
3 recorded AH years · 3 annual entries
Life and career stages
Recorded AH years- AH 1292
- AH 1307Birth-year difference: 15 AH years
- AH 1313–1315Birth-year difference: 21–23 AH years
Each stage retains its recorded place and title. Annual stages group only consecutive years with the same title and place; they do not prove continuous tenure. Birth-year differences compare AH year numbers; they are not exact ages or birthdays.
Assigned salary in the annual career
Monthly kuruş · AHMuhabere Memuru · yalova · 400 kuruş monthly
First work is separately recorded at AH 1307 in istanbul. The first-salary field is 400 kuruş; it is not a dated point on this curve.
Monthly nominal assigned amounts, not confirmed cash payments. Lines connect consecutive AH years only; hollow points mean salary not recorded. Competing entries in one AH year remain separate points, without a unique pay-change line. Gregorian values elsewhere are stored labels.
Places in this record
◆ Birthplace■ First work● Annual recordRing: multiple relations
Every recorded locality remains visible in the key. Hollow markers show candidate coordinates; these are not resolved locations. Overlapping markers are offset for legibility; a small anchor and leader retain the source coordinate. Coastlines provide modern geographic context.
How to read the dates, birth-year differences and salaries
AH years are the ordering clock. Birth-year differences subtract uncontested AH birth and event year numbers; they are not exact ages or birthdays. Separately recorded first-job age fields can use a different or unresolved convention and are not substituted into this calculation. Gregorian years are stored dataset labels. The first-work field may concern apprenticeship, paid instruction or earlier state service, and does not establish the beginning of PT service.
Salaries are monthly nominal assigned amounts, not confirmed cash disbursements. Differences between annual entries are not dated promotions or transfers. A source status such as Vefat is not a formal death date; no death locality is assigned from a last work place.
Preparation
- School / programme
- Rusdiye Mektebi
- Schooling duration
- 7 source-recorded years
- Apprenticeship
- 6 source-recorded years
- Qualification indicator
- 1
- Telegraph school indicator
- 0
- Father’s occupation
- Rusumat Memuru
- Recorded birth year
- AH 1292
- Religion wording
- Musluman
- Nationality wording
- Turkish
Schooling years are a duration/classification, not an acquisition date. Education and training dates await source-linked structured records; no dates are inferred here. No completion date is inferred from a schooling duration.
First-work and entry-pay fields
- First-work source date
- AH 1307 · 1890 label
- Place
- istanbul
- First-salary field
- 400 kuruş
- Source
- recovered
The first-work date may concern apprenticeship, paid instruction or earlier state service. The first-salary amount is a separate inherited field; their presence together does not prove that payment began on this date. Neither is the first positive annual salary observation.
Recorded language repertoire
2 fields contain historical terms.
- Turkish
- Kitabet (writing)
- French
- Kitabet (writing)
Only recorded terms are shown. Omitted language fields mean not recorded; they do not establish that the official lacked a language. Original competency wording is preserved; Kitabet (writing), Tekellum (speaking) and Asina (familiarity) are cautious historical glosses, not modern proficiency levels. Workbook language notes remain separately source-linked in the additional evidence. Read the terminology note.
Additional source evidence
Occupation wording, status assertions and original records
Occupation wording and source categories
Occupation category (September 2025 detailed personnel edition)
- Communication and Telegraph
Current job titles in older EDA annual records
- Muhabere Memuru
All additional source assertions, language notes and original codes
Enrichment edition: ottoman-bureaucracy-enrichment-e57164ecd75cde91. This is separate from the annual data edition; the compact dossier PDF cites both editions.
Download the additional source records (JSON)
| Recorded field | Original value | Source locator |
|---|---|---|
| Occupation category (September 2025 detailed personnel edition)Original source assertion | Communication and Telegraph | september-occupation · occupation_cat Source-year labels: 1313–1315 Source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| Current job titles in older EDA annual recordsOriginal source assertion | Muhabere Memuru | eda-memur · currentjob Source-year labels: Source lines 35510, 35511, 35512 |
| Current job titles in older EDA annual recordsOriginal source assertion | Muhabere Memuru | eda-memureski · currentjob Source-year labels: Source lines 35510, 35511, 35512 |
| Any criminal record (1=yes)Source-year indicator; not a lifetime verdict | 0 | october10-personnel · criminal AH 1313 Source lines 39068 |
| Any criminal record (1=yes)Source-year indicator; not a lifetime verdict | 0 | october10-personnel · criminal AH 1314 Source lines 41566 |
| Any criminal record (1=yes)Source-year indicator; not a lifetime verdict | 0 | october10-personnel · criminal AH 1315 Source lines 44093 |
| adliOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · adli Recorded source-year value: 1313 Source lines 35510 |
| adliOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · adli Recorded source-year value: 1314 Source lines 35511 |
| adliOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · adli Recorded source-year value: 1315 Source lines 35512 |
| adli2Original source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · adli2 Recorded source-year value: 1313 Source lines 35510 |
| adli2Original source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · adli2 Recorded source-year value: 1314 Source lines 35511 |
| adli2Original source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · adli2 Recorded source-year value: 1315 Source lines 35512 |
| adli2yOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · adli2y Recorded source-year value: 1313 Source lines 35510 |
| adli2yOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · adli2y Recorded source-year value: 1314 Source lines 35511 |
| adli2yOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · adli2y Recorded source-year value: 1315 Source lines 35512 |
| adlisicilkaydiOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · adlisicilkaydi AH 1313 Source lines 35510 |
| adlisicilkaydiOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · adlisicilkaydi AH 1314 Source lines 35511 |
| adlisicilkaydiOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · adlisicilkaydi AH 1315 Source lines 35512 |
| adlixxOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · adlixx Recorded source-year value: 1313 Source lines 35510 |
| adlixxOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · adlixx Recorded source-year value: 1314 Source lines 35511 |
| adlixxOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · adlixx Recorded source-year value: 1315 Source lines 35512 |
| adliyOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · adliy Recorded source-year value: 1313 Source lines 35510 |
| adliyOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · adliy Recorded source-year value: 1314 Source lines 35511 |
| adliyOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · adliy Recorded source-year value: 1315 Source lines 35512 |
| criminalOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · criminal AH 1313 Source lines 35510 |
| criminalOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · criminal AH 1314 Source lines 35511 |
| criminalOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · criminal AH 1315 Source lines 35512 |
| adlisicilkaydiOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memureski · adlisicilkaydi AH 1313 Source lines 35510 |
| adlisicilkaydiOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memureski · adlisicilkaydi AH 1314 Source lines 35511 |
| adlisicilkaydiOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memureski · adlisicilkaydi AH 1315 Source lines 35512 |
| criminalOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memureski · criminal AH 1313 Source lines 35510 |
| criminalOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memureski · criminal AH 1314 Source lines 35511 |
| criminalOriginal source assertion | 0 | eda-memureski · criminal AH 1315 Source lines 35512 |
| Criminal record (coded level)Original source assertion | 0 | october10-personnel · criminal_record_times AH 1313 Source lines 39068 |
| Criminal record (coded level)Original source assertion | 0 | october10-personnel · criminal_record_times AH 1314 Source lines 41566 |
| Criminal record (coded level)Original source assertion | 0 | october10-personnel · criminal_record_times AH 1315 Source lines 44093 |
| adlisicilkaydiOriginal source assertion | 0 | september-occupation · adlisicilkaydi AH 1313 Source lines 34414 |
| adlisicilkaydiOriginal source assertion | 0 | september-occupation · adlisicilkaydi AH 1314 Source lines 34412 |
| adlisicilkaydiOriginal source assertion | 0 | september-occupation · adlisicilkaydi AH 1315 Source lines 34413 |
| criminalOriginal source assertion | 0 | september-occupation · criminal AH 1313 Source lines 34414 |
| criminalOriginal source assertion | 0 | september-occupation · criminal AH 1314 Source lines 34412 |
| criminalOriginal source assertion | 0 | september-occupation · criminal AH 1315 Source lines 34413 |
Read the complete annual source table
Every displayed annual entry, in source / Hijri-year order. This table is the accessible alternative to the connected timeline and charts.
| Source year | Gregorian label | Title | Locality wording | Monthly kuruş | Source line |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1895 | Muhabere MemuruOriginal: muhabere memuru | yalova | 400 | recovered line 32333 | |
| 1896 | Muhabere MemuruOriginal: muhabere memuru | yalova | 400 | recovered line 32334 | |
| 1897 | Muhabere MemuruOriginal: muhabere memuru | yalova | 400 | recovered line 32335 |
- AH 1313 · 1895 label
Muhabere Memuru
Original title: muhabere memuru
400 kuruş / monthrecovered · source line 32333
- AH 1314 · 1896 label
Muhabere Memuru
Original title: muhabere memuru
400 kuruş / monthrecovered · source line 32334
- AH 1315 · 1897 label
Muhabere Memuru
Original title: muhabere memuru
400 kuruş / monthrecovered · source line 32335
Evidence & edition
Coded extracts, preserved source differences
Collection membership
- Website edition
- ottoman-bureaucracy-2026-10-11-v1-84d4f7f2230a
- Source editions
- older, september, recovered
- Annual display source
- Recovered merged personnel extract
- Paper sample
- Included · 3 annual entries
- Other archival labels
- No different label recorded
- Geography
- Recorded place assertions; map linkage is separately reported
How to read this dossier
The website joins the exact archival identity across editions. Names are attributes and never merge records. No annual gap is filled from another extract. Geographic alternatives, missing values and differences remain evidence rather than silent corrections.
All substantive source assertions (82)
| Field | Original stored value | Source field and lines |
|---|---|---|
| birthH | 1292 | recovered · dobirth source lines 32333, 32334, 32335 |
| birthPlace | dersaadet | recovered · birthplace source lines 32333, 32334, 32335 |
| birthPlace | dersaadet | recovered · birth_place source lines 32333, 32334, 32335 |
| birthProvince | dersaadet | recovered · birth_vilayet source lines 32333, 32334, 32335 |
| school | Rusdiye Mektebi | recovered · school_type source lines 32333, 32334, 32335 |
| schoolingYears | 7 | recovered · education_year source lines 32333, 32334, 32335 |
| schoolingYears | 7 | recovered · school_year source lines 32333, 32334, 32335 |
| apprenticeshipYears | 6 | recovered · mulazemet source lines 32333, 32334, 32335 |
| qualification | 1 | recovered · qualification source lines 32333, 32334, 32335 |
| derivedQualificationFlag | 1 | recovered · has_qualification source lines 32333, 32334, 32335 |
| telegraphSchool | 0 | recovered · telgraf source lines 32333, 32334, 32335 |
| religion | Musluman | recovered · religion source lines 32333, 32334, 32335 |
| nationality | Turkish | recovered · nationality source lines 32333, 32334, 32335 |
| fatherJob | Rusumat Memuru | recovered · fatherjob source lines 32333, 32334, 32335 |
| fatherJob | rusumat memuru | recovered · father_job source lines 32333, 32334, 32335 |
| firstWorkH | 1307 | recovered · ilk_ise_baslangic_yili source lines 32333, 32334, 32335 |
| firstWorkG | 1890 | recovered · firstjobyear source lines 32333, 32334, 32335 |
| firstWorkPlace | istanbul | recovered · firstjob_place source lines 32333, 32334, 32335 |
| firstWorkSalary | 400 | recovered · firstjob_wage source lines 32333, 32334, 32335 |
| birthLatitude | 41.08488985821407 | recovered · lat_birth_place source lines 32333, 32334, 32335 |
| birthLongitude | 29.056960217582365 | recovered · lon_birth_place source lines 32333, 32334, 32335 |
| name | Ali Haydar Efendi | september · İsim source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| birthH | 1292 | september · dobirth source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| birthPlace | dersaadet | september · birthplace source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| birthProvince | dersaadet | september · birth_vilayet source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| school | rusdiye mektebi | september · school_type source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| schoolingYears | 7 | september · education_year source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| apprenticeshipYears | 6 | september · mulazemet source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| apprenticeshipYears | 6 | september · MülazemetSüresi source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| qualification | 1 | september · qualification source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| telegraphSchool | 0 | september · telegraph_school source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| religion | musluman | september · religion source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| nationality | turkish | september · nationality source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| fatherJob | rusumat memuru | september · fatherjob source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| firstWorkH | 1307 | september · firstjob_year source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| firstWorkPlace | istanbul | september · firstjob_place source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| firstWorkSalary | 400 | september · firstjob_wage source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| birthLatitude | 41.08488985821407 | september · lat_birth_place source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| birthLongitude | 29.056960217582365 | september · lon_birth_place source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| language:Turkish | Kitabet | september · lang_turkish source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Turkish | 3 | september · lang_turkish2 source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Arabic | 0 | september · lang_arabic2 source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| language:French | Kitabet | september · lang_french source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| derivedLanguageCode:French | 2 | september · lang_french2 source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Persian | 0 | september · lang_persian2 source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| derivedLanguageCode:English | 0 | september · lang_english2 source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Italian | 0 | september · lang_italian2 source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Armenian | 0 | september · lang_armenian2 source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Greek | 0 | september · lang_greek2 source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Rum | 0 | september · lang_rum2 source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Bulgarian | 0 | september · lang_bulgarian2 source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Russian | 0 | september · lang_russian2 source lines 34412, 34413, 34414 |
| name | Ali Haydar Efendi | older · İsim source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| birthH | 1292 | older · dobirth source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| birthPlace | dersaadet | older · birthplace source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| birthProvince | dersaadet | older · birth_vilayet source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| school | rusdiye mektebi | older · school_type source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| schoolingYears | 7 | older · education_year source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| apprenticeshipYears | 6 | older · MülazemetSüresi source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| qualification | 1 | older · qualification source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| telegraphSchool | 0 | older · telgraph_school source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| religion | musluman | older · religion source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| nationality | turkish | older · nationality source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| fatherJob | rusumat memuru | older · fatherjob source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| firstWorkH | 1307 | older · firstjob_year source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| firstWorkPlace | istanbul | older · firstjob_place source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| firstWorkSalary | 400 | older · firstjob_wage source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| birthLatitude | 41.08488985821407 | older · lat_birth_place source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| birthLongitude | 29.056960217582365 | older · lon_birth_place source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| language:Turkish | Kitabet | older · lang_turkish source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Turkish | 3 | older · lang_turkish2 source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Arabic | 0 | older · lang_arabic2 source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| language:French | Kitabet | older · lang_french source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| derivedLanguageCode:French | 2 | older · lang_french2 source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Persian | 0 | older · lang_persian2 source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| derivedLanguageCode:English | 0 | older · lang_english2 source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Italian | 0 | older · lang_italian2 source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Armenian | 0 | older · lang_armenian2 source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Greek | 0 | older · lang_greek2 source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Rum | 0 | older · lang_rum2 source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Bulgarian | 0 | older · lang_bulgarian2 source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Russian | 0 | older · lang_russian2 source lines 8405, 25425, 33678 |
Original stored values
These are values in the inherited coded extracts. They are not a verified transcription of the original register. Source spelling and differences are preserved.
Cite this record
Fatih Kansoy, Ottoman Bureaucracy, “Ali Haydar Efendi”. BOA, DH.SAİD, Sicill-i Ahvâl Defterleri, Dahiliye Nezâreti. Archival reference as recorded: 116_90; 177. Collection identification and coded personnel records: Akyıldız (2024), Marmara University thesis. Annual edition: ottoman-bureaucracy-2026-10-11-v1-84d4f7f2230a; additional source edition: ottoman-bureaucracy-enrichment-e57164ecd75cde91. https://ottomanbureaucracy.com/people/p-b4e94fa7d63b4f51/
BOA, DH.SAİD, Sicill-i Ahvâl Defterleri, Dahiliye Nezâreti. Archival reference as recorded: 116_90; 177
Collection identification and coded personnel records: Akyıldız (2024), Marmara University thesis.
Stable archival identity: /people/p-b4e94fa7d63b4f51/. The edition identifies the data build separately from the stable person address. Historical records may be revised in a later edition.