Mahmut Refik Efendi
Mahmut Refik Efendi was born in Istanbul / Dersaadet in AH 1295. Recorded schooling includes 7 years at Rusdiye Mektebi. First work is recorded in Istanbul in AH 1315 (20 AH years after the recorded birth year). The surviving career record covers 3 distinct AH years between 1318 and 1320; it begins with Muhaberati Ecnebiye Memuriyeti in Beyoglu (100 kuruş monthly). Muhabere Memuru appears later, in AH 1320 (300 kuruş monthly). Recorded language competency: Turkish: Kitabet (writing); French: Kitabet (writing).
Life and career
3 recorded AH years · 3 annual entries
Life and career stages
Recorded AH years- AH 1295
- AH 1315Birth-year difference: 20 AH years
- AH 1318–1319Birth-year difference: 23–24 AH years
- AH 1320Birth-year difference: 25 AH years
Each stage retains its recorded place and title. Annual stages group only consecutive years with the same title and place; they do not prove continuous tenure. Birth-year differences compare AH year numbers; they are not exact ages or birthdays.
Assigned salary in the annual career
Monthly kuruş · AHMuhaberati Ecnebiye Memuriyeti · beyoglu · 100 kuruş monthly
First work is separately recorded at AH 1315 in istanbul. The first-salary field is 100 kuruş; it is not a dated point on this curve.
Monthly nominal assigned amounts, not confirmed cash payments. Lines connect consecutive AH years only; hollow points mean salary not recorded. Competing entries in one AH year remain separate points, without a unique pay-change line. Gregorian values elsewhere are stored labels.
Places in this record
◆ Birthplace■ First work● Annual recordRing: multiple relations
Every recorded locality remains visible in the key. Hollow markers show candidate coordinates; these are not resolved locations. Overlapping markers are offset for legibility; a small anchor and leader retain the source coordinate. Coastlines provide modern geographic context.
Compare all recorded title, place and salary changes
Each comparison uses the preceding surviving entry.
Title Muhaberati Ecnebiye Memuriyeti → Muhabere Memuru
Locality beyoglu → hereke
Salary 100 to 300 kuruş +200 (+200%)
A title change is not automatically a promotion; a locality change is not a reconstructed journey.
How to read the dates, birth-year differences and salaries
AH years are the ordering clock. Birth-year differences subtract uncontested AH birth and event year numbers; they are not exact ages or birthdays. Separately recorded first-job age fields can use a different or unresolved convention and are not substituted into this calculation. Gregorian years are stored dataset labels. The first-work field may concern apprenticeship, paid instruction or earlier state service, and does not establish the beginning of PT service.
Salaries are monthly nominal assigned amounts, not confirmed cash disbursements. Differences between annual entries are not dated promotions or transfers. A source status such as Vefat is not a formal death date; no death locality is assigned from a last work place.
Preparation
- School / programme
- Rusdiye Mektebi
- Schooling duration
- 7 source-recorded years
- Apprenticeship
- 3 source-recorded years
- Qualification indicator
- 1
- Telegraph school indicator
- 0
- Father’s occupation
- Fabrika iscisi
- Recorded birth year
- AH 1295
- Religion wording
- Musluman
- Nationality wording
- Turkish
Schooling years are a duration/classification, not an acquisition date. Education and training dates await source-linked structured records; no dates are inferred here. No completion date is inferred from a schooling duration.
First-work and entry-pay fields
- First-work source date
- AH 1315 · 1897 label
- Place
- istanbul
- First-salary field
- 100 kuruş
- Source
- recovered
The first-work date may concern apprenticeship, paid instruction or earlier state service. The first-salary amount is a separate inherited field; their presence together does not prove that payment began on this date. Neither is the first positive annual salary observation.
Recorded language repertoire
2 fields contain historical terms.
- Turkish
- Kitabet (writing)
- French
- Kitabet (writing)
Only recorded terms are shown. Omitted language fields mean not recorded; they do not establish that the official lacked a language. Original competency wording is preserved; Kitabet (writing), Tekellum (speaking) and Asina (familiarity) are cautious historical glosses, not modern proficiency levels. Workbook language notes remain separately source-linked in the additional evidence. Read the terminology note.
Further biographical evidence
Source wording and status assertions
Occupation category (September 2025 detailed personnel edition)
- Communication and Telegraph
- FL Communication and Telegraph
Inspect the additional source wording, language notes and original codes
These separately linked fields add source wording and raw codes without replacing the annual career. Original rank, decoration and merit-code labels remain unverified; zero is retained literally. Read about the sources.
Enrichment edition: ottoman-bureaucracy-enrichment-5e2ba3e19fa6918b. This is separate from the annual data edition and annual-record PDF.
Download these additional source records (JSON)
| Recorded field | Original value | Source locator |
|---|---|---|
| Occupation category (September 2025 detailed personnel edition)Recorded source wording | Communication and Telegraph | september-occupation · occupation_cat source lines 32314 Recorded source-year values: 1320 |
| Occupation category (September 2025 detailed personnel edition)Recorded source wording | FL Communication and Telegraph | september-occupation · occupation_cat source lines 32312, 32313 Recorded source-year values: 1318, 1319 |
| Current job titles in older EDA annual recordsRecorded source wording | Muhaberati Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | eda-memur · currentjob source lines 33299, 33300 Recorded source-year values: 1318, 1319 |
| Current job titles in older EDA annual recordsRecorded source wording | Muhabere Memuru | eda-memur · currentjob source lines 33301 Recorded source-year values: 1320 |
| Current job titles in older EDA annual recordsRecorded source wording | Muhaberati Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | eda-memureski · currentjob source lines 33299, 33300 Recorded source-year values: 1318, 1319 |
| Current job titles in older EDA annual recordsRecorded source wording | Muhabere Memuru | eda-memureski · currentjob source lines 33301 Recorded source-year values: 1320 |
| Any criminal record (1=yes)Source-year indicator; not a lifetime verdict | 0 | october10-personnel · criminal AH 1318 · AH source lines 51401 |
| Any criminal record (1=yes)Source-year indicator; not a lifetime verdict | 0 | october10-personnel · criminal AH 1319 · AH source lines 53838 |
| Any criminal record (1=yes)Source-year indicator; not a lifetime verdict | 0 | october10-personnel · criminal AH 1320 · AH source lines 56234 |
| adlisicilkaydiUnverified code labels / original source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · adlisicilkaydi AH 1318 · AH source lines 33299 |
| adlisicilkaydiUnverified code labels / original source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · adlisicilkaydi AH 1319 · AH source lines 33300 |
| adlisicilkaydiUnverified code labels / original source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · adlisicilkaydi AH 1320 · AH source lines 33301 |
| criminalUnverified code labels / original source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · criminal AH 1318 · AH source lines 33299 |
| criminalUnverified code labels / original source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · criminal AH 1319 · AH source lines 33300 |
| criminalUnverified code labels / original source assertion | 0 | eda-memur · criminal AH 1320 · AH source lines 33301 |
| adlisicilkaydiUnverified code labels / original source assertion | 0 | eda-memureski · adlisicilkaydi AH 1318 · AH source lines 33299 |
| adlisicilkaydiUnverified code labels / original source assertion | 0 | eda-memureski · adlisicilkaydi AH 1319 · AH source lines 33300 |
| adlisicilkaydiUnverified code labels / original source assertion | 0 | eda-memureski · adlisicilkaydi AH 1320 · AH source lines 33301 |
| criminalUnverified code labels / original source assertion | 0 | eda-memureski · criminal AH 1318 · AH source lines 33299 |
| criminalUnverified code labels / original source assertion | 0 | eda-memureski · criminal AH 1319 · AH source lines 33300 |
| criminalUnverified code labels / original source assertion | 0 | eda-memureski · criminal AH 1320 · AH source lines 33301 |
| Criminal record (coded level)Unverified code labels / original source assertion | 0 | october10-personnel · criminal_record_times AH 1318 · AH source lines 51401 |
| Criminal record (coded level)Unverified code labels / original source assertion | 0 | october10-personnel · criminal_record_times AH 1319 · AH source lines 53838 |
| Criminal record (coded level)Unverified code labels / original source assertion | 0 | october10-personnel · criminal_record_times AH 1320 · AH source lines 56234 |
| adlisicilkaydiUnverified code labels / original source assertion | 0 | september-occupation · adlisicilkaydi AH 1318 · AH source lines 32312 |
| adlisicilkaydiUnverified code labels / original source assertion | 0 | september-occupation · adlisicilkaydi AH 1319 · AH source lines 32313 |
| adlisicilkaydiUnverified code labels / original source assertion | 0 | september-occupation · adlisicilkaydi AH 1320 · AH source lines 32314 |
| criminalUnverified code labels / original source assertion | 0 | september-occupation · criminal AH 1318 · AH source lines 32312 |
| criminalUnverified code labels / original source assertion | 0 | september-occupation · criminal AH 1319 · AH source lines 32313 |
| criminalUnverified code labels / original source assertion | 0 | september-occupation · criminal AH 1320 · AH source lines 32314 |
Read the complete annual source table
Every displayed annual entry, in source / Hijri-year order. This table is the accessible alternative to the connected timeline and charts.
| Source year | Gregorian label | Title | Locality wording | Monthly kuruş | Source line |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1900 | Muhaberati Ecnebiye MemuriyetiOriginal: muhaberati ecnebiye memuriyeti | beyoglu | 100 | recovered line 30315 | |
| 1901 | Muhaberati Ecnebiye MemuriyetiOriginal: muhaberati ecnebiye memuriyeti | beyoglu | 100 | recovered line 30316 | |
| 1902 | Muhabere MemuruOriginal: muhabere memuru | hereke | 300 | recovered line 30317 |
- AH 1318 · 1900 label
Muhaberati Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
Original title: muhaberati ecnebiye memuriyeti
100 kuruş / monthrecovered · source line 30315
- AH 1319 · 1901 label
Muhaberati Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
Original title: muhaberati ecnebiye memuriyeti
100 kuruş / monthrecovered · source line 30316
- AH 1320 · 1902 label
Muhabere Memuru
Original title: muhabere memuru
300 kuruş / monthrecovered · source line 30317
Evidence & edition
Coded extracts, preserved source differences
Collection membership
- Website edition
- ottoman-bureaucracy-2026-10-11-v1-84d4f7f2230a
- Source editions
- older, september, recovered
- Annual display source
- Recovered merged personnel extract
- Paper sample
- Included · 3 annual entries
- Other archival labels
- No different label recorded
- Geography
- Recorded place assertions; map linkage is separately reported
How to read this dossier
The website joins the exact archival identity across editions. Names are attributes and never merge records. No annual gap is filled from another extract. Geographic alternatives, missing values and differences remain evidence rather than silent corrections.
All substantive source assertions (82)
| Field | Original stored value | Source field and lines |
|---|---|---|
| birthH | 1295 | recovered · dobirth source lines 30315, 30316, 30317 |
| birthPlace | dersaadet | recovered · birthplace source lines 30315, 30316, 30317 |
| birthPlace | dersaadet | recovered · birth_place source lines 30315, 30316, 30317 |
| birthProvince | dersaadet | recovered · birth_vilayet source lines 30315, 30316, 30317 |
| school | Rusdiye Mektebi | recovered · school_type source lines 30315, 30316, 30317 |
| schoolingYears | 7 | recovered · education_year source lines 30315, 30316, 30317 |
| schoolingYears | 7 | recovered · school_year source lines 30315, 30316, 30317 |
| apprenticeshipYears | 3 | recovered · mulazemet source lines 30315, 30316, 30317 |
| qualification | 1 | recovered · qualification source lines 30315, 30316, 30317 |
| derivedQualificationFlag | 1 | recovered · has_qualification source lines 30315, 30316, 30317 |
| telegraphSchool | 0 | recovered · telgraf source lines 30315, 30316, 30317 |
| religion | Musluman | recovered · religion source lines 30315, 30316, 30317 |
| nationality | Turkish | recovered · nationality source lines 30315, 30316, 30317 |
| fatherJob | Fabrika iscisi | recovered · fatherjob source lines 30315, 30316, 30317 |
| fatherJob | fabrika iscisi | recovered · father_job source lines 30315, 30316, 30317 |
| firstWorkH | 1315 | recovered · ilk_ise_baslangic_yili source lines 30315, 30316, 30317 |
| firstWorkG | 1897 | recovered · firstjobyear source lines 30315, 30316, 30317 |
| firstWorkPlace | istanbul | recovered · firstjob_place source lines 30315, 30316, 30317 |
| firstWorkSalary | 100 | recovered · firstjob_wage source lines 30315, 30316, 30317 |
| birthLatitude | 41.08488985821407 | recovered · lat_birth_place source lines 30315, 30316, 30317 |
| birthLongitude | 29.056960217582365 | recovered · lon_birth_place source lines 30315, 30316, 30317 |
| name | Mahmut Refik Efendi | september · İsim source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| birthH | 1295 | september · dobirth source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| birthPlace | dersaadet | september · birthplace source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| birthProvince | dersaadet | september · birth_vilayet source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| school | rusdiye mektebi | september · school_type source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| schoolingYears | 7 | september · education_year source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| apprenticeshipYears | 3 | september · mulazemet source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| apprenticeshipYears | 3 | september · MülazemetSüresi source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| qualification | 1 | september · qualification source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| telegraphSchool | 0 | september · telegraph_school source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| religion | musluman | september · religion source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| nationality | turkish | september · nationality source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| fatherJob | fabrika iscisi | september · fatherjob source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| firstWorkH | 1315 | september · firstjob_year source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| firstWorkPlace | istanbul | september · firstjob_place source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| firstWorkSalary | 100 | september · firstjob_wage source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| birthLatitude | 41.08488985821407 | september · lat_birth_place source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| birthLongitude | 29.056960217582365 | september · lon_birth_place source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| language:Turkish | Kitabet | september · lang_turkish source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Turkish | 3 | september · lang_turkish2 source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Arabic | 0 | september · lang_arabic2 source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| language:French | Kitabet | september · lang_french source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| derivedLanguageCode:French | 2 | september · lang_french2 source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Persian | 0 | september · lang_persian2 source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| derivedLanguageCode:English | 0 | september · lang_english2 source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Italian | 0 | september · lang_italian2 source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Armenian | 0 | september · lang_armenian2 source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Greek | 0 | september · lang_greek2 source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Rum | 0 | september · lang_rum2 source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Bulgarian | 0 | september · lang_bulgarian2 source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Russian | 0 | september · lang_russian2 source lines 32312, 32313, 32314 |
| name | Mahmut Refik Efendi | older · İsim source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| birthH | 1295 | older · dobirth source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| birthPlace | dersaadet | older · birthplace source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| birthProvince | dersaadet | older · birth_vilayet source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| school | rusdiye mektebi | older · school_type source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| schoolingYears | 7 | older · education_year source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| apprenticeshipYears | 3 | older · MülazemetSüresi source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| qualification | 1 | older · qualification source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| telegraphSchool | 0 | older · telgraph_school source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| religion | musluman | older · religion source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| nationality | turkish | older · nationality source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| fatherJob | fabrika iscisi | older · fatherjob source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| firstWorkH | 1315 | older · firstjob_year source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| firstWorkPlace | istanbul | older · firstjob_place source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| firstWorkSalary | 100 | older · firstjob_wage source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| birthLatitude | 41.08488985821407 | older · lat_birth_place source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| birthLongitude | 29.056960217582365 | older · lon_birth_place source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| language:Turkish | Kitabet | older · lang_turkish source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Turkish | 3 | older · lang_turkish2 source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Arabic | 0 | older · lang_arabic2 source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| language:French | Kitabet | older · lang_french source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| derivedLanguageCode:French | 2 | older · lang_french2 source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Persian | 0 | older · lang_persian2 source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| derivedLanguageCode:English | 0 | older · lang_english2 source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Italian | 0 | older · lang_italian2 source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Armenian | 0 | older · lang_armenian2 source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Greek | 0 | older · lang_greek2 source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Rum | 0 | older · lang_rum2 source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Bulgarian | 0 | older · lang_bulgarian2 source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
| derivedLanguageCode:Russian | 0 | older · lang_russian2 source lines 16749, 22844, 29045 |
Original stored values
These are values in the inherited coded extracts. They are not a verified transcription of the original register. Source spelling and differences are preserved.
Cite this record
Ottoman Bureaucracy, “Mahmut Refik Efendi”, archival reference 110_133; 263, edition ottoman-bureaucracy-2026-10-11-v1-84d4f7f2230a, https://ottomanbureaucracy.com/people/p-3b042a779736cc40/.
Stable archival identity: /people/p-3b042a779736cc40/. The edition identifies the data build separately from the stable person address. Historical records may be revised in a later edition.