School
İsrail Mektebi
Israelite (Jewish) school
Group of schools: Community school
Stored spellings: israil mektebi; israil Mektebi
Note: Kept apart from Musevi Mektebi (another word for Jewish)
5 officials have İsrail Mektebi recorded as school. The annual entries of these officials, 29 in all, run from 1877 to 1911 (AH 1294 to 1328). The median of the 29 recorded monthly salaries is 750 kuruş, against 500 kuruş for the whole collection in the same years. The median entry paid 1.5 times the collection median of its year. On average an official was paid more than 68 per cent of the other officials with a salary in the same year. The median number of unpaid years before the first salary is 0, and 20 per cent of the officials had at least one. The median first salary is 400 kuruş and the median highest salary 400 kuruş. The job titles held by most of them were Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti (2), Muayene Memuru (1) and Muhabere Memuru (1). The place with the largest number of officials is Thessaloniki (Selanik), with 2.
- Officials
- 5
- Years on recordAH 1294 to 1328, 28 years with an entry
- 1877 to 1911
- Median monthly salary1.5× the collection median of the same years (500 kuruş)
- 750 kuruş
- Places with officials
- 6
Profile of the group: Community school
No source read describes İsrail Mektebi by itself, so this is the profile of its group of schools.
Schools of the religious communities (millet) of the empire. A millet was a community defined by religion and church, not by language or descent.
What was taught
- French. In the first decades of the telegraph, Greeks, Armenians, Jews and Levantines were more likely than Turks to have learned French at school
History
Young non-Muslim graduates who sat the final examinations of their schools were picked by senior Ottoman officials for the telegraph offices.
Sources
- Davison, Roderic H. (1990). The advent of the electric telegraph in the Ottoman Empire. In Essays in Ottoman and Turkish History, 1774-1923, 133-165. Austin: University of Texas Press. Read in the Turkish translation by Durdu Mehmet Burak, OTAM 14 (2003), 347-386; pages are those of the translation.Pages or part: 377. Used for: what was taught.
- Kırmızı, Abdulhamit (2022). Identitäten quantifizieren. Nichtmuslime in der spätosmanischen Beamtenschaft. BIOS 35 (1), 31-48. Online copy (read 11 October 2026).Pages or part: 46. Used for: history.
- Ortaylı, İlber (2020). Millet (Osmanlılar'da millet sistemi). TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, vol. 30, 66-70. Online copy (read 14 October 2026).Pages or part: 66-70. Used for: summary.
Schooling, first pay and careers
What the records say about the 5 officials with this school.
- Years of schooling recorded
- 4.0 yearsmean 4.0; 5 officials with years; all schooling up to this school, not the years spent in it
- Unpaid years before the first salary
- 0 yearsmedian (mülazemet) of 5 officials; 20% had one or more
- First salary in the personnel record
- 400 kuruşmedian of 5 officials, monthly
- First salary in the annual lists
- 400 kuruşmedian of the first year with a salary, 5 officials
- Highest salary reached
- 400 kuruşmedian of 5 officials, monthly
- Years with an annual entry
- 2 yearsmedian of the whole careers; a quarter have 2 or more
From the first work in the personnel record to the first year with a salary in the annual lists took a median of 0 years (5 officials). The figure is too high for officials who began before about 1868 (AH 1285), when the annual lists are thin: the years before their first listed year count in it. The unpaid years above are the better measure of the wait for a salary.
The job titles they reached
Shares of the 5 officials with a job title. With two posts in the first or last year, both count.
First job title
The title of the first year with a job title.
Held by most
Held in any year of the record.
Last job title
The title of the last year with a job title.
The records give no place for this school.
Monthly salary each year
The same numbers as a table
| Year | Recorded salaries | Median | Mean | Lower quartile | Upper quartile | Median of the whole collection |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1877/78 | 1 | 800 | 800 | 800 | 800 | 560 |
| 1878 | 1 | 800 | 800 | 800 | 800 | 600 |
| 1878/79 | 1 | 800 | 800 | 800 | 800 | 600 |
| 1879/80 | 1 | 760 | 760 | 760 | 760 | 500 |
| 1880/81 | 1 | 760 | 760 | 760 | 760 | 500 |
| 1881/82 | 1 | 760 | 760 | 760 | 760 | 500 |
| 1882/83 | 1 | 760 | 760 | 760 | 760 | 500 |
| 1883/84 | 1 | 760 | 760 | 760 | 760 | 500 |
| 1884/85 | 1 | 760 | 760 | 760 | 760 | 500 |
| 1885/86 | 1 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 500 |
| 1886/87 | 1 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 500 |
| 1887/88 | 1 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 500 |
| 1888/89 | 1 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 500 |
| 1889/90 | 1 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 500 |
| 1890/91 | 1 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 500 |
| 1891/92 | 1 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 500 |
| 1892/93 | 1 | 760 | 760 | 760 | 760 | 500 |
| 1893/94 | 1 | 760 | 760 | 760 | 760 | 500 |
| 1894/95 | 1 | 760 | 760 | 760 | 760 | 500 |
| 1895/96 | 1 | 760 | 760 | 760 | 760 | 500 |
| 1896/97 | 1 | 684 | 684 | 684 | 684 | 500 |
| 1897/98 | 1 | 684 | 684 | 684 | 684 | 500 |
| 1898/99 | 1 | 684 | 684 | 684 | 684 | 500 |
| 1906/07 | 1 | 400 | 400 | 400 | 400 | 450 |
| 1907/08 | 1 | 400 | 400 | 400 | 400 | 300 |
| 1908/09 | 1 | 375 | 375 | 375 | 375 | 350 |
| 1909/10 | 2 | 350 | 350 | 325 | 375 | 462.5 |
| 1910/11 | 1 | 600 | 600 | 600 | 600 | 500 |
Salaries are nominal monthly amounts in kuruş, as assigned. The thick line is the median of each year and the thin line the mean. A year with fewer than 5 recorded salaries is drawn as an open mark and is not joined to the line.
Pay against the whole collection
5 officials with a salary, each counted once in the band of the median of the official's salaries over the career. A bar runs from its number to the next; the last is 2,500 kuruş and more. Most officials (40%) are in the band 300 to 400 kuruş.
The same numbers as a table
| Median monthly salary, kuruş | Officials | Share | Whole collection |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 to 100 | 0 | 0% | 3% |
| 100 to 200 | 0 | 0% | 10% |
| 200 to 300 | 0 | 0% | 17% |
| 300 to 400 | 2 | 40% | 18% |
| 400 to 500 | 1 | 20% | 17% |
| 500 to 750 | 1 | 20% | 23% |
| 750 to 1,000 | 1 | 20% | 5% |
| 1,000 to 1,500 | 0 | 0% | 4% |
| 1,500 to 2,500 | 0 | 0% | 2% |
| 2,500 and more | 0 | 0% | 1% |
The median of the 29 recorded monthly salaries of this school is 750 kuruş. In the same years the whole collection paid a median of 500 kuruş. The median entry paid 1.5× the collection median of its year, and the middle half of the entries between 1.33× and 1.52×. On average an official of this school was paid more than 68% of the other paid officials of the same year.
The dot is the median, the box the middle half of the entries. Dashed lines: the collection median of the same years (1×) and the middle of the paid officials (50%).
Where its officials served
| Place | Officials | Remark |
|---|---|---|
| Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 2 | |
| Al-Faw (Fav) | 1 | |
| Basra | 1 | |
| Haifa (Hayfa) | 1 | |
| Jaffa (Yafa) | 1 | |
| Kavala | 1 |
Who its officials were
Officials of this schoolWhole collection
Community
5 officials with it recorded.
Age at the first annual entry
5 officials with it recorded.
Province of birth
5 officials with it recorded.
Schooling
5 officials with it recorded. An official can have several, so the shares add up to more than 100%. The groups of the schools recorded for each official.
Languages
5 officials with it recorded. An official can have several, so the shares add up to more than 100%.
Qualification
5 officials with it recorded. A diploma, certificate, training or decoration (nişan) recorded in the schooling or the work.
Places
| Place | Province | Officials | Annual entries | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thessaloniki (Selanik) | Thessaloniki (Selanik) province | 2 | 3 | 1906 to 1911 |
| Al-Faw (Fav) | Basra province | 1 | 12 | 1877 to 1892 |
| Basra | Basra province | 1 | 11 | 1885 to 1899 |
| Haifa (Hayfa) | Beirut (Beyrut) province | 1 | 1 | 1909/10 |
| Jaffa (Yafa) | Jerusalem (Kudüs) province | 1 | 1 | 1908/09 |
| Kavala | Thessaloniki (Selanik) province | 1 | 1 | 1909/10 |
Ottoman officials recorded
5 officials, the one with most annual entries first.
| Official | Years | Annual entries | Main title | Kuruş a month | Birthplace |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| İspridyon Yavi Efendi | 1877 to 1899 | 23 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyetipost of official for foreign communications | 684 to 800 | Ayvalık |
| İlya Efendi | 1909 to 1911 | 2 | Muhabere Memurucommunications official (telegraph operator) | 400 to 600 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Yosef Kloronti Efendi | 1906 to 1908 | 2 | Sansur Memuru | 400 | Thessaloniki (Selanik) |
| David Efendi | 1909/10 | 1 | Muayene Memuru | 300 | Izmir (İzmir) |
| EMİN EFENDİ | 1908/09 | 1 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyetipost of official for foreign communications | 375 | Haifa (Hayfa) |
Years run from the first to the last annual entry. An official without a recorded name is listed after the named officials.
How to read these records: years and calendars, what first recorded means, gaps between annual entries, and salaries.
Subjects
- Israelite (Jewish) school (İsrail Mektebi)
- Ottoman education (Osmanlı eğitim tarihi)
- Ottoman schools (Osmanlı mektepleri)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)