Official
Ahmet Refik Bey
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Istanbul (Dersaadet) in 1854/55 (AH 1271). On record 1874 to 1906, 33 annual entries.
Archive reference 5_91; 179
Life#
Ahmet Refik Bey was born in Istanbul in 1854/55 (AH 1271). The record gives the community as Muslim (Müslüman), the nationality as Turkish and the father's occupation as Sihhiye muduru.
Schooling recorded: Rüşdiye Mektebi, with 7 years of schooling recorded. The record marks no qualification (diploma, certificate, training or decoration). Languages recorded, with the skill words of the record: Turkish, with Kitabet.
First work is recorded in Istanbul in 1872/73 (AH 1289). The official was then about 17 years old. The record gives 2 years of unpaid apprenticeship (mülazemet) before the first salary. The first-salary field gives 270 kuruş a month. At the first annual entry, in 1874/75, the official was about 19 years old.
The first annual entry, for 1874/75, shows Muhasebe Kalemi in Istanbul, with 270 kuruş a month. In 1896/97 the record shows Varidat Kalemi in Istanbul, the salary going from 570 to 800 kuruş a month (before: Muhasebe Kalemi in Istanbul).
The highest salary, 1,100 kuruş a month, is first recorded in 1903/04 as Varidat Kalemi. 90 per cent of the other officials with a recorded salary that year earned less. The median salary of all officials that year was 475 kuruş. Over 33 years with a salary the median is 500 kuruş a month, with 10 rises and 1 cut. The largest rise, 230 kuruş, is seen in 1896/97. From the first salary to the last the salary grew by 4.49 per cent a year on average. The last salary is recorded in 1905/06, when 89 per cent of the other officials with a recorded salary that year earned less.
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1854/55 (AH 1271)
- Birthplace
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
- Father's occupation
- Sihhiye muduru
Education
- Rüşdiye
- Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 2 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- No
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1872/73 (AH 1289)
- Place
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 270
Legal records
- Years (AH) with a criminal-record mark in the annual records
- 1321; 1322; 1323
Career#
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1872/73AH 1289 | First work | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 270first-salary field |
| 1874 to 1896AH 1291 to 1313 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 270 to 570 |
| 1896 to 1906AH 1314 to 1323 | Varidat Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 800 to 1,100 |
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1874/75 | 270 | 535 | 340 | 11% |
| 1875/76 | 270 | 530 | 280 | 11% |
| 1876/77 | 320 | 582.5 | 400 | 15% |
| 1877/78 | 400 | 560 | 400 | 16% |
| 1878 | 400 | 600 | 400 | 17% |
| 1878/79 | 400 | 600 | 400 | 18% |
| 1879/80 | 380 | 500 | 380 | 22% |
| 1880/81 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 21% |
| 1881/82 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 20% |
| 1882/83 | 380 | 500 | 320 | 18% |
| 1883/84 | 380 | 500 | 320 | 18% |
| 1884/85 | 380 | 500 | 390 | 18% |
| 1885/86 | 380 | 500 | 380 | 19% |
| 1886/87 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 19% |
| 1887/88 | 430 | 500 | 400 | 37% |
| 1888/89 | 430 | 500 | 310 | 38% |
| 1889/90 | 500 | 500 | 250 | 42% |
| 1890/91 | 500 | 500 | 272.5 | 43% |
| 1891/92 | 500 | 500 | 200 | 43% |
| 1892/93 | 550 | 500 | 182.5 | 57% |
| 1893/94 | 550 | 500 | 200 | 58% |
| 1894/95 | 570 | 500 | 250 | 59% |
| 1895/96 | 570 | 500 | 250 | 59% |
| 1896/97 | 800 | 500 | 86% | |
| 1897/98 | 800 | 500 | 86% | |
| 1898/99 | 800 | 500 | 85% | |
| 1899/1900 | 850 | 500 | 85% | |
| 1900/01 | 1,000 | 500 | 87% | |
| 1901/02 | 1,000 | 500 | 87% | |
| 1902/03 | 1,000 | 500 | 87% | |
| 1903/04 | 1,100 | 475 | 90% | |
| 1904/05 | 1,100 | 450 | 90% | |
| 1905/06 | 1,100 | 475 | 89% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Choose a row to mark its years in the charts.
Recorded with#
Recorded in the same place in the same years
- Mehmet Raşit Efendi 1277Istanbul, 33 shared years
- Hüseyin Hüsnü EfendiIstanbul, 33 shared years
- Mehmet Ata EfendiIstanbul, 33 shared years
- Mehmet Şemsettin EfendiIstanbul, 33 shared years
- Salahattin BeyIstanbul, 33 shared years
1,459 officials in all. Officials recorded in Istanbul (Dersaadet)
Same school recorded
- Ahmet Besim EfendiRüşdiye Mektebi, first annual entry 1874/75 (AH 1291)
- Ahmet EfendiRüşdiye Mektebi, first annual entry 1874/75 (AH 1291)
- Ahmet Haydar BeyRüşdiye Mektebi, first annual entry 1874/75 (AH 1291)
- Ahmet Hayri EfendiRüşdiye Mektebi, first annual entry 1874/75 (AH 1291)
- Ahmet Recai EfendiRüşdiye Mektebi, first annual entry 1874/75 (AH 1291)
3,199 officials in all. Officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi recorded
Same birthplace
- Agop EfendiIstanbul, born 1854/55 (AH 1271)
- Ahmet Muhittin BeyIstanbul, born 1854/55 (AH 1271)
- Ali Şefik EfendiIstanbul, born 1854/55 (AH 1271)
- Antuvan EfendiIstanbul, born 1854/55 (AH 1271)
- Apostol EfendiIstanbul, born 1854/55 (AH 1271)
1,998 officials in all. Officials born in Istanbul (Dersaadet)
Full record
Annual entries (33)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1874/75AH 1291 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 270 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1875/76AH 1292 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 270 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1876/77AH 1293 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 320 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1878AH 1295 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1879/80AH 1297 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1880/81AH 1298 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1881/82AH 1299 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1883/84AH 1301 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 430 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 430 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 550 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 550 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 570 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 570 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Varidat Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Varidat Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Varidat Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | Varidat Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 850 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Varidat Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | Varidat Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | Varidat Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | Varidat Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,100 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | Varidat Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,100 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
| 1905/06AH 1323 | Varidat Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,100 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_91; 179 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (15)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Ahmet Refik Bey | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1271 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | sihhiye muduru | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Rusdiye Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 7 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 2 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1289 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1872 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | istanbul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 270 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Legal records | ||
| Years (AH) with a criminal-record mark in the annual records | 1321; 1322; 1323 | Later annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Later annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2025. It marks single annual entries with a criminal-record flag and holds status words such as Vefat. For a death, the year is the year of the annual list in which the status word stands.
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 33 annual entries of 33 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.