Official
Manuel Zeki Efendi
Jewish (Musevi). Born in Skopje (Üsküp) in 1878 (AH 1295). On record 1902 to 1905, 3 annual entries.
Archive reference 116_139; 275
Life#
Manuel Zeki Efendi was born in Skopje (Üsküp) in 1878 (AH 1295). The record gives the community as Jewish (Musevi), the nationality as Yahudi and the father's occupation as Eczaci.
Schooling recorded: Musevi Mektebi, with 4 years of schooling recorded. The record marks a qualification: a diploma, certificate, training or decoration (nişan). Languages recorded, with the skill words of the record: Bulgarian, with Tekellum; French, with Kitabet; Turkish, with Kitabet.
First work is recorded in Skopje in 1896/97 (AH 1314). The official was then about 18 years old. The record gives 6 years of unpaid apprenticeship (mülazemet) before the first salary. The first-salary field gives 250 kuruş a month. At the first annual entry, in 1902/03, the official was about 24 years old.
The first annual entry, for 1902/03, shows Muhabere Memuru in Skopje, with 250 kuruş a month.
The highest salary, 300 kuruş a month, is first recorded in 1904/05 as Muhabere Memuru. 23 per cent of the other officials with a recorded salary that year earned less. The median salary of all officials that year was 450 kuruş. Over 3 years with a salary the median is 250 kuruş a month, with 1 rise and no cuts. The largest rise, 50 kuruş, is seen in 1904/05. From the first salary to the last the salary grew by 9.54 per cent a year on average.
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1878 (AH 1295)
- Birthplace
- Skopje (Üsküp)
- Community
- Jewish (Musevi)
- Nationality as recorded
- Yahudi
- Father's occupation
- Eczaci
Education
- Community school
- Musevi Mektebi (4 years)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 6 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- Yes
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Bulgarian
- Tekellumspeaking
- French
- Kitabetwriting
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1896/97 (AH 1314)
- Place
- Skopje (Üsküp)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 250
Career#
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1896/97AH 1314 | First work | Skopje (Üsküp) | 250first-salary field |
| 1902 to 1905AH 1320 to 1322 | Muhabere Memuru | Skopje (Üsküp) | 250 to 300 |
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1902/03 | 250 | 500 | 380 | 15% |
| 1903/04 | 250 | 475 | 350 | 14% |
| 1904/05 | 300 | 450 | 350 | 23% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Choose a row to mark its years in the charts.
Recorded with#
Recorded in the same place in the same years
- Muharrem Hilmi EfendiSkopje (Üsküp), 3 shared years
- Süleyman Servet EfendiSkopje (Üsküp), 3 shared years
- Arslan Sırrı EfendiSkopje (Üsküp), 3 shared years
- Mehmet Arif EfendiSkopje (Üsküp), 3 shared years
- Osman Hulusi EfendiSkopje (Üsküp), 3 shared years
42 officials in all. Officials recorded in Skopje (Üsküp)
Same school recorded
- Hayim Politi EfendiMusevi Mektebi, first annual entry 1902/03 (AH 1320)
- Salih Naci EfendiMusevi Mektebi, first annual entry 1888/89 (AH 1306)
- Yasef Kasuti EfendiMusevi Mektebi, first annual entry 1888/89 (AH 1306)
Same birthplace
- Mehmet Şükrü EfendiSkopje (Üsküp), born 1878/79 (AH 1296)
- Devay EfendiSkopje (Üsküp), born 1876/77 (AH 1293)
- Unnamed official (0067_00160; sayfa no:317)Skopje (Üsküp), born 1876/77 (AH 1293)
- İbrahim Hilmi EfendiSkopje (Üsküp), born 1879/80 (AH 1297)
- Mehmet Bedri EfendiSkopje (Üsküp), born 1879/80 (AH 1297)
27 officials in all. Officials born in Skopje (Üsküp)
Full record
Annual entries (3)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1902/03AH 1320 | Muhabere Memuru | Skopje (Üsküp) | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 116_139; 275 |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | Muhabere Memuru | Skopje (Üsküp) | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 116_139; 275 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | Muhabere Memuru | Skopje (Üsküp) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 116_139; 275 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (14)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Manuel Zeki Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1295 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | uskup | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | kosova | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | Eczaci | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musevi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Yahudi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Musevi Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 6 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1314 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1896 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | uskup | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 250 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 3 annual entries of 3 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.