Job title
Muhendis Kalemi
Group of job titles: Technical and stores
16 officials held the job title Muhendis Kalemi. Its 117 annual entries run from 1871 to 1908 (AH 1288 to 1325). The median of the 117 recorded monthly salaries is 500 kuruş, against 500 kuruş for the whole collection in the same years. The median entry paid the same as the collection median of its year. On average an official was paid more than 49 per cent of the other officials with a salary in the same year. Half of the officials have an entry in it in no more than 5 different years, and a quarter in 10 or more. It was the first title on record for 69 per cent of the officials and the last for 38 per cent. No other title is recorded for 25 per cent of them. The entries name 2 places. The place with the largest number of officials is Istanbul, with 15.
- Officials
- 16
- Years on recordAH 1288 to 1325, 24 years with an entry
- 1871 to 1908
- Median monthly salary1× the collection median of the same years (500 kuruş)
- 500 kuruş
- Places with officials
- 2
- First job title on recordfor 11 of the 16 officials
- 69%
Profile of the group: Technical and stores
No source read describes Muhendis Kalemi by itself, so this is the profile of its group of job titles.
Technical offices of the Post and Telegraph ministry, among them the telegraph factory, the Engineer Office (mühendis kalemi) and the science office (fen kalemi). The factory, opened in 1869, made and repaired telegraph instruments, batteries and postal goods; the science office was directed for years by the French electrician Emile Lacoine.
History
Until 1869 all telegraph machines were imported. From 1883 the ministry sent graduates of Darüşşafaka to study telegraphy in Paris; those who returned were given posts of importance, and in 1901 two of them held posts at the head of the Engineer Office and of the factory.
Sources
- Davison, Roderic H. (1990). The advent of the electric telegraph in the Ottoman Empire. In Essays in Ottoman and Turkish History, 1774-1923, 133-165. Austin: University of Texas Press. Read in the Turkish translation by Durdu Mehmet Burak, OTAM 14 (2003), 347-386; pages are those of the translation.Pages or part: 365. Used for: summary, history.
- Okan, Ayşegül (2003). The Ottoman postal and telegraph services in the last quarter of the nineteenth century. MA thesis, Boğaziçi University, Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History.Pages or part: 30, 105-108, 141 (appendix B). Used for: summary, history.
Monthly salary each year
The same numbers as a table
| Year | Recorded salaries | Median | Mean | Lower quartile | Upper quartile | Median of the whole collection |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1871/72 | 1 | 2,750 | 2,750 | 2,750 | 2,750 | 550 |
| 1885/86 | 1 | 200 | 200 | 200 | 200 | 500 |
| 1886/87 | 1 | 200 | 200 | 200 | 200 | 500 |
| 1887/88 | 2 | 525 | 525 | 412.5 | 637.5 | 500 |
| 1888/89 | 4 | 237.5 | 387.5 | 75 | 550 | 500 |
| 1889/90 | 5 | 100 | 375 | 100 | 400 | 500 |
| 1890/91 | 5 | 100 | 195 | 100 | 300 | 500 |
| 1891/92 | 6 | 250 | 304.17 | 100 | 400 | 500 |
| 1892/93 | 9 | 400 | 472.22 | 225 | 750 | 500 |
| 1893/94 | 12 | 400 | 537.5 | 400 | 750 | 500 |
| 1894/95 | 9 | 500 | 555.56 | 400 | 750 | 500 |
| 1895/96 | 7 | 425 | 467.86 | 312.5 | 700 | 500 |
| 1896/97 | 7 | 425 | 462.14 | 400 | 517.5 | 500 |
| 1897/98 | 7 | 450 | 515.71 | 400 | 630 | 500 |
| 1898/99 | 6 | 517.5 | 535 | 412.5 | 652.5 | 500 |
| 1899/1900 | 6 | 700 | 633.33 | 550 | 737.5 | 500 |
| 1900/01 | 5 | 700 | 620 | 500 | 750 | 500 |
| 1901/02 | 5 | 700 | 620 | 500 | 750 | 500 |
| 1902/03 | 6 | 725 | 683.33 | 550 | 750 | 500 |
| 1903/04 | 5 | 750 | 740 | 700 | 750 | 475 |
| 1904/05 | 4 | 725 | 737.5 | 650 | 812.5 | 450 |
| 1905/06 | 2 | 875 | 875 | 812.5 | 937.5 | 475 |
| 1906/07 | 1 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 450 |
| 1907/08 | 1 | 900 | 900 | 900 | 900 | 300 |
Salaries are nominal monthly amounts in kuruş, as assigned. The thick line is the median of each year and the thin line the mean. A year with fewer than 5 recorded salaries is drawn as an open mark and is not joined to the line.
Pay against the whole collection
16 officials with a salary, each counted once in the band of the median of the official's salaries in this job. A bar runs from its number to the next; the last is 2,500 kuruş and more. Most officials (31%) are in the band 750 to 1,000 kuruş.
The same numbers as a table
| Median monthly salary, kuruş | Officials | Share | Whole collection |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 to 100 | 1 | 6% | 3% |
| 100 to 200 | 1 | 6% | 10% |
| 200 to 300 | 1 | 6% | 17% |
| 300 to 400 | 0 | 0% | 18% |
| 400 to 500 | 3 | 19% | 17% |
| 500 to 750 | 2 | 13% | 23% |
| 750 to 1,000 | 5 | 31% | 5% |
| 1,000 to 1,500 | 2 | 13% | 4% |
| 1,500 to 2,500 | 0 | 0% | 2% |
| 2,500 and more | 1 | 6% | 1% |
The median of the 117 recorded monthly salaries of this job is 500 kuruş. In the same years the whole collection paid a median of 500 kuruş. The median entry paid 1× the collection median of its year, and the middle half of the entries between 0.8× and 1.5×. On average an official of this job was paid more than 49% of the other paid officials of the same year.
The dot is the median, the box the middle half of the entries. Dashed lines: the collection median of the same years (1×) and the middle of the paid officials (50%).
Career paths: the titles just before and after
The number is the officials who made the move. Under it, the median change of the monthly salary: the first salary of the later title less the last salary of the earlier one, where at least 5 moves have both.
Held just before
The title of the entries just before a run of Muhendis Kalemi. Pay: the change on moving from that title to Muhendis Kalemi. The 5 titles with most officials, of 6 moves in all.
Held just after
The title of the entries just after a run of Muhendis Kalemi. Pay: the change on moving from Muhendis Kalemi to that title. The 8 titles with most officials, of 10 moves in all.
Of the 14 moves shown, 3 cross at least one year without an annual entry; nothing is known about those years. Two posts held in the same years are not counted as a move.
Time in the job
- Years with an entry in the job
- 5.5 yearsmedian over 16 officials
- A quarter of the officials
- 9.5 years or moreupper quartile
- Most years of one official
- 20 years
Years are years with an annual entry in the job, each counted once for an official. They need not follow one another, and nothing is known about a year without an entry. With two posts in the first or last year, both count.
Who held the job
Officials of this jobWhole collection
Community
16 officials with it recorded.
Age at the first annual entry in the job
16 officials with it recorded.
Province of birth
15 officials with it recorded.
Schooling
15 officials with it recorded. An official can have several, so the shares add up to more than 100%. The groups of the schools recorded for each official.
Languages
15 officials with it recorded. An official can have several, so the shares add up to more than 100%.
Qualification
16 officials with it recorded. A diploma, certificate, training or decoration (nişan) recorded in the schooling or the work.
Officials on record each year
The same numbers as a table
| Year | Officials on record | First recorded | Annual entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1871/72 (AH 1288) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 1885/86 (AH 1303) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 1886/87 (AH 1304) | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 1887/88 (AH 1305) | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| 1888/89 (AH 1306) | 4 | 2 | 4 |
| 1889/90 (AH 1307) | 5 | 1 | 5 |
| 1890/91 (AH 1308) | 5 | 1 | 5 |
| 1891/92 (AH 1309) | 6 | 2 | 6 |
| 1892/93 (AH 1310) | 9 | 3 | 9 |
| 1893/94 (AH 1311) | 12 | 3 | 12 |
| 1894/95 (AH 1312) | 9 | 0 | 9 |
| 1895/96 (AH 1313) | 7 | 0 | 7 |
| 1896/97 (AH 1314) | 7 | 1 | 7 |
| 1897/98 (AH 1315) | 7 | 0 | 7 |
| 1898/99 (AH 1316) | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 1899/1900 (AH 1317) | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 1900/01 (AH 1318) | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| 1901/02 (AH 1319) | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| 1902/03 (AH 1320) | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 1903/04 (AH 1321) | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| 1904/05 (AH 1322) | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 1905/06 (AH 1323) | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 1906/07 (AH 1324) | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 1907/08 (AH 1325) | 1 | 0 | 1 |
An official is counted once in a year. First recorded is the first year in which the collection has an annual entry of the official on this page. It is not a hiring date.
Places
| Place | Province | Officials | Annual entries | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Istanbul (Dersaadet) | Istanbul (Dersaadet) province | 15 | 116 | 1885 to 1908 |
| Bolu | Kastamonu province | 1 | 1 | 1871/72 |
Ottoman officials recorded
16 officials, the one with most annual entries first.
Years run from the first to the last annual entry. An official without a recorded name is listed after the named officials.
How to read these records: years and calendars, what first recorded means, gaps between annual entries, and salaries.
Subjects
- Muhendis Kalemi
- Ottoman job titles (Osmanlı memuriyet unvanları)
- Labour history (emek tarihi)
- Salaries of officials (memur maaşları)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)