Official
İskender Efendi
Armenian Christian (Ermeni). Born in Beirut (Beyrut) in 1851/52 (AH 1268). On record 1873 to 1903, 31 annual entries.
Archive reference 58_230; 457
Life#
İskender Efendi was born in Beirut (Beyrut) in 1851/52 (AH 1268). The record gives the community as Armenian Christian (Ermeni).
Schooling recorded: Latin Mektebi, with 7 years of schooling recorded. The record marks no qualification (diploma, certificate, training or decoration). Languages recorded, with the skill words of the record: Arabic, with Kitabet; French, with Kitabet; Italian, with Kitabet; Turkish, with Kitabet.
First work is recorded in Aleppo (Halep) in 1873/74 (AH 1290). The official was then about 21 years old. The record gives no years of unpaid apprenticeship (mülazemet). The first-salary field gives 300 kuruş a month. At the first annual entry, in 1873/74, the official was about 21 years old.
The first annual entry, for 1873/74, shows Posta Memuru in Aleppo, with 300 kuruş a month. In 1892/93 the record shows 1. Müdür in Aleppo, the salary going from 1,000 to 1,200 kuruş a month (before: Posta Memuru in Aleppo). In 1894/95 the record shows 1. Müdür in Adana, with 1,200 kuruş a month (before: 1. Müdür in Aleppo). In 1895/96 the record shows 1. Müdür in Thessaloniki (Selanik), the salary going from 1,200 to 1,500 kuruş a month (before: 1. Müdür in Adana). In 1900/01 the record shows 1. Müdür in Beirut, with 1,500 kuruş a month (before: 1. Müdür in Thessaloniki). In 1901/02 the record shows 1. Müdür in Thessaloniki, with 1,500 kuruş a month (before: 1. Müdür in Beirut).
The highest salary, 1,500 kuruş a month, is first recorded in 1895/96 as 1. Müdür. 94 per cent of the other officials with a recorded salary that year earned less. The median salary of all officials that year was 500 kuruş. Over 31 years with a salary the median is 800 kuruş a month, with 9 rises and 1 cut. The largest rise, 300 kuruş, is seen in 1895/96. From the first salary to the last the salary grew by 5.51 per cent a year on average. The last salary is recorded in 1902/03, when 93 per cent of the other officials with a recorded salary that year earned less.
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1851/52 (AH 1268)
- Birthplace
- Beirut (Beyrut)
- Community
- Armenian Christian (Ermeni)
- Nationality as recorded
- Ermeni
Education
- Community school
- Latin Mektebi (7 years)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 0 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- No
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Arabic
- Kitabetwriting
- French
- Kitabetwriting
- Italian
- Kitabetwriting
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1873/74 (AH 1290)
- Place
- Aleppo (Halep)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 300
Career#
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1873/74AH 1290 | First work | Aleppo (Halep) | 300first-salary field |
| 1873 to 1892AH 1290 to 1309 | Posta Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 300 to 1,000 |
| 1892 to 1894AH 1310 to 1311 | 1. Müdür | Aleppo (Halep) | 1,200 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | 1. Müdür | Adana | 1,200 |
| 1895 to 1900AH 1313 to 1317 | 1. Müdür | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 1,500 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | 1. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 1,500 |
| 1901 to 1903AH 1319 to 1320 | 1. Müdür | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 1,500 |
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1873/74 | 300 | 500 | 425 | 12% |
| 1874/75 | 300 | 535 | 400 | 13% |
| 1875/76 | 300 | 530 | 450 | 12% |
| 1876/77 | 400 | 582.5 | 400 | 17% |
| 1877/78 | 400 | 560 | 350 | 16% |
| 1878 | 400 | 600 | 300 | 17% |
| 1878/79 | 400 | 600 | 300 | 18% |
| 1879/80 | 500 | 500 | 285 | 47% |
| 1880/81 | 650 | 500 | 380 | 70% |
| 1881/82 | 650 | 500 | 300 | 71% |
| 1882/83 | 650 | 500 | 356 | 70% |
| 1883/84 | 650 | 500 | 350 | 70% |
| 1884/85 | 750 | 500 | 325 | 72% |
| 1885/86 | 750 | 500 | 325 | 73% |
| 1886/87 | 750 | 500 | 325 | 73% |
| 1887/88 | 800 | 500 | 400 | 76% |
| 1888/89 | 1,000 | 500 | 380 | 84% |
| 1889/90 | 1,000 | 500 | 380 | 85% |
| 1890/91 | 1,000 | 500 | 380 | 86% |
| 1891/92 | 1,000 | 500 | 350 | 86% |
| 1892/93 | 1,200 | 500 | 1,200 | 90% |
| 1893/94 | 1,200 | 500 | 1,200 | 91% |
| 1894/95 | 1,200 | 500 | 1,200 | 91% |
| 1895/96 | 1,500 | 500 | 1,300 | 94% |
| 1896/97 | 1,350 | 500 | 1,350 | 94% |
| 1897/98 | 1,350 | 500 | 1,350 | 94% |
| 1898/99 | 1,350 | 500 | 1,350 | 94% |
| 1899/1900 | 1,500 | 500 | 1,350 | 94% |
| 1900/01 | 1,500 | 500 | 1,350 | 94% |
| 1901/02 | 1,500 | 500 | 1,350 | 94% |
| 1902/03 | 1,500 | 500 | 1,500 | 93% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Choose a row to mark its years in the charts and its place on the map.
Recorded with#
Recorded in the same place in the same years
- Ohannes EfendiAleppo (Halep), 22 shared years
- Kostantin De Martin EfendiAleppo (Halep), 15 shared years
- Unnamed official (26_188; 371)Aleppo (Halep), 15 shared years
- Mihran EfendiAleppo (Halep), 15 shared years
- Ali Riza EfendiAleppo (Halep), 11 shared years
314 officials in all. Officials recorded in Aleppo (Halep)
Same school recorded
- Antuvan Latini EfendiLatin Mektebi, first annual entry 1876/77 (AH 1293)
- Alfons Mullery EfLatin Mektebi, first annual entry 1864/65 (AH 1281)
- Dençoylu Hayler EfendiLatin Mektebi, first annual entry 1883/84 (AH 1301)
Same birthplace
- Yusuf Raci EfendiBeirut (Beyrut), born 1851/52 (AH 1268)
- Abdullah EfendiBeirut (Beyrut), born 1850/51 (AH 1267)
- Alber EfendiBeirut (Beyrut), born 1852/53 (AH 1269)
- Mehmet Tevfik EfendiBeirut (Beyrut), born 1849/50 (AH 1266)
- Mehmet Emin EfendiBeirut (Beyrut), born 1853/54 (AH 1270)
50 officials in all. Officials born in Beirut (Beyrut)
Full record
Annual entries (31)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1873/74AH 1290 | Posta Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1874/75AH 1291 | Posta Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1875/76AH 1292 | Posta Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1876/77AH 1293 | Posta Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Posta Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1878AH 1295 | Posta Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | Posta Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1879/80AH 1297 | Posta Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1880/81AH 1298 | Posta Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 650 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1881/82AH 1299 | Posta Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 650 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | Posta Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 650 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1883/84AH 1301 | Posta Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 650 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | Posta Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 750 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | Posta Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 750 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | Posta Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 750 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | Posta Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | Posta Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | Posta Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | Posta Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | Posta Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | 1. Müdür | Aleppo (Halep) | 1,200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | 1. Müdür | Aleppo (Halep) | 1,200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | 1. Müdür | Adana | 1,200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | 1. Müdür | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | 1. Müdür | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 1,350 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | 1. Müdür | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 1,350 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | 1. Müdür | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 1,350 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | 1. Müdür | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | 1. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | 1. Müdür | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | 1. Müdür | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58_230; 457 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (13)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | İskender Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1268 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | beyrut | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | beyrut | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Hristiyan | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Ermeni | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Latin Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 7 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 0 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1290 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1873 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Halep | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 300 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 31 annual entries of 31 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.