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Ottoman BureaucracyPeople, places and careers in Ottoman public service

Official

Bahattin Efendi

Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Istanbul (Dersaadet) in 1843/44 (AH 1259). On record 1858 to 1898, 41 annual entries.

Life

Bahattin Efendi was born in Istanbul in 1843/44 (AH 1259). The record gives the community as Muslim (Müslüman) and the nationality as Turkish.

Schooling recorded: Rüşdiye Mektebi, with 7 years of schooling recorded. The record marks no qualification (diploma, certificate, training or decoration). Languages recorded, with the skill words of the record: Turkish, with Kitabet.

First work is recorded in Istanbul in 1858/59 (AH 1275): Hademei Hassa. The official was then about 16 years old. The record gives no years of unpaid apprenticeship (mülazemet). The first-salary field gives 30 kuruş a month. At the first annual entry, in 1858/59, the official was about 16 years old.

The first annual entry, for 1858/59, shows Hademei Hassa in Istanbul, with 30 kuruş a month. In 1867/68 the record shows Muhabere Memuru in Plovdiv (Filibe), the salary going from 120 to 480 kuruş a month (before: Hademei Hassa in Istanbul). In 1868/69 the record shows no title in Bitola (Manastır) (before: Muhabere Memuru in Plovdiv). In 1869/70 the record shows 2. Müdür in Veria (Karaferye), with 800 kuruş a month (before: no title in Bitola). In 1870/71 the record shows Muhabere Memuru in Istanbul, the salary going from 800 to 250 kuruş a month (before: 2. Müdür in Veria). In 1891/92 the record shows Başmuhabere Memuru in Istanbul, the salary going from 1,100 to 1,200 kuruş a month (before: Muhabere Memuru in Istanbul). In 1894/95 the record shows 1. Müdür in Eyüpsultan, with 1,300 kuruş a month (before: Başmuhabere Memuru in Istanbul). In 1896/97 the record shows 2. Müdür in Eyüpsultan, the salary going from 1,300 to 1,170 kuruş a month (before: 1. Müdür in Eyüpsultan). In 1897/98 the record shows Basmemur Muavini in Istanbul, with 1,170 kuruş a month (before: 2. Müdür in Eyüpsultan).

The highest salary, 1,300 kuruş a month, is first recorded in 1893/94 as Başmuhabere Memuru. 93 per cent of the other officials with a recorded salary that year earned less. The median salary of all officials that year was 500 kuruş. Over 40 years with a salary the median is 760 kuruş a month, with 12 rises and 5 cuts. The largest rise, 360 kuruş, is seen in 1867/68. From the first salary to the last the salary grew by 9.59 per cent a year on average. The last salary is recorded in 1897/98, when 93 per cent of the other officials with a recorded salary that year earned less.

Record

Personal

Born
1843/44 (AH 1259)
Community
Muslim (Müslüman)
Nationality as recorded
Turkish

Education

Rüşdiye
Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school)
Unpaid years (mülazemet)
0 years
Preparation route (classification of the paper)
Low
Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
No

The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.

Languages

Turkish
Kitabetwriting

The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.

First work

Year
1858/59 (AH 1275)
First job as worded
Hademei Hassa
Age at first work (workbook field)
16
First salary field (kuruş a month)
30
First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month)
30

Career

Career of Bahattin Efendi, one row per stage
YearsTitlePlaceSalary (kuruş a month)
1858/59AH 1275Hademei Hassafirst workIstanbul (Dersaadet)30first-salary field
1858 to 1867AH 1275 to 1283Hademei Hassa
Other institution
9 entries
YearSalary
1858/5930
1859/6030
1860/6130
1861/6250
1862/6350
1863/64120
1864/65120
1865/66120
1866/67120
Istanbul (Dersaadet)30 to 120
1867/68AH 1284Muhabere MemuruPlovdiv (Filibe)480
1868/69AH 1285
Other institution
Bitola (Manastır)
1869/70AH 12862. MüdürVeria (Karaferye)800
1870 to 1891AH 1287 to 1308Muhabere Memuru
22 entries
YearSalary
1870/71250
1871/72235
1872/73500
1873/74450
1874/75550
1875/76550
1876/77800
1877/78800
1878800
1878/79800
1879/80760
1880/81760
1881/82760
1882/83760
1883/84760
1884/85800
1885/86800
1886/87800
1887/88800
1888/89900
1889/901,100
1890/911,100
Istanbul (Dersaadet)250 to 1,100
1891 to 1894AH 1309 to 1311Başmuhabere Memuru
3 entries
YearSalary
1891/921,200
1892/931,200
1893/941,300
Istanbul (Dersaadet)1,200 to 1,300
1894 to 1896AH 1312 to 13131. Müdür
2 entries
YearSalary
1894/951,300
1895/961,300
Eyüpsultan1,300
1896/97AH 13142. MüdürEyüpsultan1,170
1897/98AH 1315Basmemur MuaviniIstanbul (Dersaadet)1,170
Monthly salary, kuruş
05001,0001,5001863/64AH 12801873/74AH 12901882/83AH 13001892/93AH 13101,300 kuruşEntry of another institution
Salary against the medians of the same year
20501002005001,0002,0001863/64AH 12801873/74AH 12901882/83AH 13001892/93AH 1310This officialMedian, all officialsMedian, same title

Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.

The numbers of the chart
Salary of Bahattin Efendi against the medians of the same year, kuruş a month
YearSalaryMedian, all officialsMedian, same titlePaid less
1858/59305000%
1859/60305000%
1860/61305000%
1861/62506001%
1862/63505001%
1863/641205002%
1864/651206251%
1865/661206501%
1866/671206001%
1867/6848060048032%
1869/708006001,00061%
1870/712506004008%
1871/722355504008%
1872/7350055040044%
1873/7445050040035%
1874/7555053545050%
1875/7655053040050%
1876/77800582.541067%
1877/7880056041068%
187880060050065%
1878/7980060042066%
1879/8076050038074%
1880/8176050040074%
1881/8276050040074%
1882/8376050040073%
1883/8476050040073%
1884/8580050040076%
1885/8680050040077%
1886/8780050040077%
1887/8880050040076%
1888/8990050040083%
1889/901,10050040088%
1890/911,10050040088%
1891/921,20050060090%
1892/931,20050060090%
1893/941,30050060093%
1894/951,3005001,20093%
1895/961,3005001,30093%
1896/971,17050076593%
1897/981,17050093%

Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.

Placesbornfirst workannual entries
IstanbulPlovdivBitolaVeriaEyüpsultan

Choose a row to mark its years in the charts and its place on the map.

Recorded with

Recorded in the same place in the same years

1,161 officials in all. Officials recorded in Istanbul (Dersaadet)

Same school recorded

3,199 officials in all. Officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi recorded

Same birthplace

1,998 officials in all. Officials born in Istanbul (Dersaadet)

Full record

Annual entries (41)

Annual entries of Bahattin Efendi
YearTitlePlaceKuruş a monthInstitutionSourceArchive reference
1858/59AH 1275Hademei HassaIstanbul (Dersaadet)30OtherCross-ministry personnel workbook97_227; 453
1859/60AH 1276Hademei HassaIstanbul (Dersaadet)30OtherCross-ministry personnel workbook97_227; 453
1860/61AH 1277Hademei HassaIstanbul (Dersaadet)30OtherCross-ministry personnel workbook97_227; 453
1861/62AH 1278Hademei HassaIstanbul (Dersaadet)50OtherCross-ministry personnel workbook97_227; 453
1862/63AH 1279Hademei HassaIstanbul (Dersaadet)50OtherCross-ministry personnel workbook97_227; 453
1863/64AH 1280Hademei HassaIstanbul (Dersaadet)120OtherCross-ministry personnel workbook97_227; 453
1864/65AH 1281Hademei HassaIstanbul (Dersaadet)120OtherCross-ministry personnel workbook97_227; 453
1865/66AH 1282Hademei HassaIstanbul (Dersaadet)120OtherCross-ministry personnel workbook97_227; 453
1866/67AH 1283Hademei HassaIstanbul (Dersaadet)120OtherCross-ministry personnel workbook97_227; 453
1867/68AH 1284Muhabere MemuruPlovdiv (Filibe)480Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1868/69AH 1285Bitola (Manastır)OtherCross-ministry personnel workbook97_227; 453
1869/70AH 12862. MüdürVeria (Karaferye)800Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1870/71AH 1287Muhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)250Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1871/72AH 1288Muhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)235Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1872/73AH 1289Muhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)500Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1873/74AH 1290Muhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)450Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1874/75AH 1291Muhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)550Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1875/76AH 1292Muhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)550Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1876/77AH 1293Muhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)800Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1877/78AH 1294Muhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)800Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1878AH 1295Muhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)800Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1878/79AH 1296Muhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)800Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1879/80AH 1297Muhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)760Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1880/81AH 1298Muhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)760Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1881/82AH 1299Muhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)760Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1882/83AH 1300Muhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)760Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1883/84AH 1301Muhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)760Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1884/85AH 1302Muhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)800Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1885/86AH 1303Muhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)800Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1886/87AH 1304Muhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)800Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1887/88AH 1305Muhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)800Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1888/89AH 1306Muhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)900Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1889/90AH 1307Muhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)1,100Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1890/91AH 1308Muhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)1,100Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1891/92AH 1309Başmuhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)1,200Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1892/93AH 1310Başmuhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)1,200Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1893/94AH 1311Başmuhabere MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)1,300Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1894/95AH 13121. MüdürEyüpsultan1,300Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1895/96AH 13131. MüdürEyüpsultan1,300Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1896/97AH 13142. MüdürEyüpsultan1,170Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
1897/98AH 1315Basmemur MuaviniIstanbul (Dersaadet)1,170Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract97_227; 453
What the sources named in this table are
Cross-ministry personnel workbook
A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
Recovered annual personnel extract
The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.

Sources and original values (23)

Recorded values of Bahattin Efendi with their sources
FieldRecorded valueSource
Identity
NameBahattin EfendiPersonnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Linked personnel workbook
Birth year (AH)1259Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Birthplacedersaadet used on this pageRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Birthplaceistanbul other valueCross-ministry personnel workbook
Birthplace: district (kaza)istanbulCross-ministry personnel workbook
Birthplace: sancakistanbulCross-ministry personnel workbook
Birthplace: province (vilayet)istanbulCross-ministry personnel workbook
Province of birthdersaadetRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
ReligionMuslumanRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Nationality or communityTurkishRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Schooling
SchoolRusdiye MektebiRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Years of schooling7Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet)0Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
First work
First work: year (AH)1275Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Linked personnel workbook
First work: Gregorian year as stored1859Recovered annual personnel extract
First work: placeistanbulRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
First work: district (kaza)istanbulCross-ministry personnel workbook
First work: sancakistanbulCross-ministry personnel workbook
First work: province (vilayet)istanbulCross-ministry personnel workbook
First job as wordedHademei HassaLinked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Age at first work (workbook field)16Cross-ministry personnel workbook
First salary field (kuruş a month)30Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month)30Linked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
What the sources named in this table are
Cross-ministry personnel workbook
A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
Earlier annual personnel extract
The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
Recovered annual personnel extract
The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Personnel attributes extract
The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
Linked personnel workbook
The original personnel workbook, from which selected fields on background and first work are taken.
  • The sources give more than one value for a marked field. Every value is listed.
  • Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
  • 29 annual entries of 41 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.

How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.