Official
Emil Efendi
Christian (Hristiyan). Born in Fransa in 1836/37 (AH 1252). On record 1858 to 1898, 40 annual entries. Death recorded 1898/99.
Archive reference 3_217; 430
Life#
Emil Efendi was born in Fransa in 1836/37 (AH 1252) into the Christian (Hristiyan) community, French (Fransiz) by nationality. Schooling took seven years, at a French school (Fransız Mektebi); Emil also knew four languages, French in writing, Turkish in speech and English and Italian a little.
Emil began work in Istanbul in 1858/59, at about 22, paid from the start, on 750 kuruş a month. The annual lists begin in 1858/59, with Emil as a communications official (Muhabere Memuru) in Istanbul. Emil then moved to Beyoğlu from 1860 to 1862, with a rise to assistant director (Müdür Muavini) in 1860/61. From 1862 to 1898 the annual entries place Emil again in Istanbul, with four changes of title, from Telgraf Mektebi Muallimi to Komisyon Reisi in 1893/94. Entries spanning 41 years are rare, reached by fewer than 3 per cent of the 5,211 officials.
Pay rose from 750 kuruş a month in 1858/59 to a peak of 9,000 in 1894/95, as Komisyon Reisi in Istanbul, when 99 per cent of paid officials earned less. Over 40 years the salaries add up to 1,760,580 kuruş, 6.9 times what an official on the median salary earned, a level reached by 21 of the 3,805 officials paid for five years or more. After the last annual entry, for 1897/98, the list of 1898/99 (AH 1316) gives the status word Vefat (death).
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1836/37 (AH 1252)
First work 1858/59 (AH 1275); 1858/59 (AH 1275)
750 kuruş a month; entries in 1 year
1860 to 1862 (AH 1277 to 1278)
No annual entry for 1859/60 (AH 1276) before it.
1,500 to 2,000 kuruş a month; entries in 2 years
1862 to 1898 (AH 1279 to 1315)
Telgraf Mektebi Muallimi 1862 to 1867 (AH 1279 to 1283); Başmemur 1867 to 1882 (AH 1284 to 1299); Muallim ve Telgraf Memuru 1882 to 1888 (AH 1300 to 1305); Musavir 1888 to 1893 (AH 1306 to 1310); Komisyon Reisi 1893 to 1898 (AH 1311 to 1315)
1,325 to 9,000 kuruş a month; entries in 37 years
Death recorded in the annual list of 1898/99 (AH 1316): the word Vefat, not a date of death.
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1858/59 | 750 | 500 | 500 | 65% |
| 1860/61 | 1,500 | 500 | 82% | |
| 1861/62 | 2,000 | 600 | 88% | |
| 1862/63 | 1,500 | 500 | 79% | |
| 1863/64 | 1,500 | 500 | 79% | |
| 1864/65 | 1,500 | 625 | 79% | |
| 1865/66 | 1,500 | 650 | 81% | |
| 1866/67 | 1,500 | 600 | 84% | |
| 1867/68 | 1,500 | 600 | 1,250 | 85% |
| 1868/69 | 1,500 | 600 | 86% | |
| 1869/70 | 1,650 | 600 | 89% | |
| 1870/71 | 1,650 | 600 | 1,625 | 89% |
| 1871/72 | 1,325 | 550 | 88% | |
| 1872/73 | 1,500 | 550 | 1,500 | 89% |
| 1873/74 | 2,440 | 500 | 95% | |
| 1874/75 | 2,700 | 535 | 1,850 | 96% |
| 1875/76 | 2,700 | 530 | 96% | |
| 1876/77 | 3,000 | 582.5 | 1,175 | 96% |
| 1877/78 | 3,500 | 560 | 600 | 98% |
| 1878 | 3,500 | 600 | 600 | 97% |
| 1878/79 | 3,500 | 600 | 600 | 97% |
| 1879/80 | 2,800 | 500 | 500 | 96% |
| 1880/81 | 3,000 | 500 | 500 | 97% |
| 1881/82 | 3,500 | 500 | 600 | 98% |
| 1882/83 | 3,500 | 500 | 98% | |
| 1883/84 | 3,500 | 500 | 98% | |
| 1884/85 | 4,500 | 500 | 99% | |
| 1885/86 | 4,500 | 500 | 99% | |
| 1886/87 | 4,500 | 500 | 99% | |
| 1887/88 | 4,500 | 500 | 99% | |
| 1888/89 | 4,500 | 500 | 99% | |
| 1889/90 | 4,500 | 500 | 99% | |
| 1890/91 | 6,000 | 500 | 99% | |
| 1891/92 | 6,000 | 500 | 99% | |
| 1892/93 | 7,000 | 500 | 99% | |
| 1893/94 | 8,000 | 500 | 99% | |
| 1894/95 | 9,000 | 500 | 99% | |
| 1895/96 | 9,000 | 500 | 99% | |
| 1896/97 | 8,100 | 500 | 99% | |
| 1897/98 | 8,100 | 500 | 99% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1858/59AH 1275 | First work | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 750first-salary field |
| 1858/59AH 1275 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 750 |
| No annual entry: 1859/60 (AH 1276) | |||
| 1860 to 1862AH 1277 to 1278 | Müdür Muavini | Beyoğlu | 1,500 to 2,000 |
| 1862 to 1867AH 1279 to 1283 | Telgraf Mektebi Muallimi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,500 |
| 1867 to 1882AH 1284 to 1299 | Başmemur | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,500 to 3,500 |
| 1882 to 1888AH 1300 to 1305 | Muallim ve Telgraf Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 3,500 to 4,500 |
| 1888 to 1893AH 1306 to 1310 | Musavir | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 4,500 to 7,000 |
| 1893 to 1898AH 1311 to 1315 | Komisyon Reisi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 8,000 to 8,100 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Death recorded | ||
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1836/37 (AH 1252)
- Birthplace
- Fransa
- Community
- Christian (Hristiyan)
- Nationality as recorded
- Fransiz
- Death recorded
- 1898/99 (AH 1316)the year of the annual list with the word Vefat, not a date of death
Education
- Foreign school
- Fransız Mektebi (7 years)French school
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 0 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- No
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- English
- asinafamiliarity
- French
- Kitabetwriting
- Italian
- asinafamiliarity
- Turkish
- Tekellumspeaking
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1858/59 (AH 1275)
- Place
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 750
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 1,193 officials with entries in Istanbul in the same years, Emil Efendi had the 11th highest salary.
- Ali Kaya Bey38 shared years; highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Hüseyin Hüsnü Efendi38 shared years; highest salary 1,750 kuruş
- Unnamed official (5_316; 629)38 shared years; highest salary 1,100 kuruş
- Mehmet Salim Bey37 shared years; highest salary 3,000 kuruş
- Mehmed Şemsi Efendi37 shared years; highest salary 750 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 35 officials with the title Başmemur in the same years, Emil Efendi had the highest salary.
- Mıgırdiç Acemyan16 shared years; highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Esperdiyon Diloti Efendi10 shared years; highest salary 3,360 kuruş
- Nikola Vitalis Efendi9 shared years; highest salary 4,000 kuruş
- Esad Efendi8 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Fazlı Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 1,250 kuruş
Same school
Of the 63 officials with Fransız Mektebi among their schools, Emil Efendi had the highest salary.
- Tertine Efendiborn 1835/36 (AH 1251); highest salary 850 kuruş
- Jory Raymon Efendiborn 1838/39 (AH 1254); highest salary 2,400 kuruş
- Kostantin Mavromati Efendiborn 1833/34 (AH 1249); highest salary 720 kuruş
- İlya Dakos Efendiborn 1841/42 (AH 1257); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Tursun Pol Efendiborn 1842/43 (AH 1258); highest salary 1,500 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 2 officials born in Fransa, Emil Efendi had the highest salary.
- Jul Lekaye Efendiborn 1820/21 (AH 1236); highest salary 3,800 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 24 officials whose first annual entry is for 1858/59 (AH 1275), Emil Efendi had the highest salary.
- Unnamed official (23_38; 73)first entry in Istanbul; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Ali Kaya Beyfirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Hasan Edip Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 7,000 kuruş
- Osman Nureddin Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 3,500 kuruş
- Mehmed Şevket Beyfirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 5,000 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (40)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1858/59AH 1275 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 750 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1860/61AH 1277 | Müdür Muavini | Beyoğlu | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1861/62AH 1278 | Müdür Muavini | Beyoğlu | 2,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1862/63AH 1279 | Telgraf Mektebi Muallimi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1863/64AH 1280 | Telgraf Mektebi Muallimi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1864/65AH 1281 | Telgraf Mektebi Muallimi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1865/66AH 1282 | Telgraf Mektebi Muallimi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1866/67AH 1283 | Telgraf Mektebi Muallimi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1867/68AH 1284 | Başmemur | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1868/69AH 1285 | Başmemur | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1869/70AH 1286 | Başmemur | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,650 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1870/71AH 1287 | Başmemur | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,650 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1871/72AH 1288 | Başmemur | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,325 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1872/73AH 1289 | Başmemur | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1873/74AH 1290 | Başmemur | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 2,440 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1874/75AH 1291 | Başmemur | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 2,700 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1875/76AH 1292 | Başmemur | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 2,700 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1876/77AH 1293 | Başmemur | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 3,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Başmemur | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 3,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1878AH 1295 | Başmemur | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 3,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | Başmemur | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 3,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1879/80AH 1297 | Başmemur | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 2,800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1880/81AH 1298 | Başmemur | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 3,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1881/82AH 1299 | Başmemur | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 3,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | Muallim ve Telgraf Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 3,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1883/84AH 1301 | Muallim ve Telgraf Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 3,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | Muallim ve Telgraf Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 4,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | Muallim ve Telgraf Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 4,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | Muallim ve Telgraf Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 4,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | Muallim ve Telgraf Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 4,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | Musavir | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 4,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | Musavir | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 4,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | Musavir | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 6,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | Musavir | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 6,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | Musavir | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 7,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | Komisyon Reisi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 8,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | Komisyon Reisi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 9,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Komisyon Reisi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 9,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Komisyon Reisi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 8,100 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Komisyon Reisi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 8,100 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_217; 430 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (13)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Emil Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1252 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | fransa | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | hristiyan | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | fransiz | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Fransiz mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 7 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 0 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1275 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1859 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | istanbul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 750 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Status | ||
| Death recorded under the year (AH) | 1316 | Earlier annual personnel extract (original copy); Earlier annual personnel extract (parallel copy) |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract (original copy)
- A copy of the earlier annual personnel file, read for the title wording of each year. A death taken from it is the status word Vefat in the title field of one annual list: the year is the year of that list, not a date of death.
- Earlier annual personnel extract (parallel copy)
- A second copy of the earlier annual personnel file, read in the same way. A death taken from it is the status word Vefat in the title field of one annual list: the year is the year of that list, not a date of death. Two copies that agree are one piece of evidence, not two.
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Emil Efendi
- Chief official (Başmemur)
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Fransa
- French school (Fransız Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Christian (Hristiyan)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)