Cemal Efendi

Cemal Efendi was born in Istanbul in 1858/59 (AH 1275). The record gives the community as Muslim (Müslüman), the nationality as Turkish and the father's occupation as Tabip binbasisi.

Schooling recorded: Rüşdiye Mektebi, with 7 years of schooling recorded, at a place worded Tophane Fevziye. The record marks no qualification (diploma, certificate, training or decoration). Languages recorded, with the skill words of the record: Turkish, with Kitabet.

First work is recorded in Istanbul in 1876/77 (AH 1293): Orduyu humayun. The official was then about 17 years old. The record gives no years of unpaid apprenticeship (mülazemet). The first-salary field gives 250 kuruş a month. At the first annual entry, in 1878, the official was about 19 years old.

The first annual entry, for 1878, shows Ordu-yi Humayun, with 250 kuruş a month. In 1878/79 the record shows Muhasebe Kalemi in Istanbul, with 250 kuruş a month (before: Ordu-yi Humayun). In 1884/85 the record shows Masarifat Kitabeti in Istanbul, the salary going from 250 to 400 kuruş a month (before: Muhasebe Kalemi in Istanbul). In 1898/99 the record shows Masarifat Baskitabeti in Istanbul, the salary going from 700 to 850 kuruş a month (before: Masarifat Kitabeti in Istanbul).

The highest salary, 1,100 kuruş a month, is first recorded in 1903/04 as Masarifat Baskitabeti. 90 per cent of the other officials with a recorded salary that year earned less. The median salary of all officials that year was 475 kuruş. Over 29 years with a salary the median is 440 kuruş a month, with 10 rises and 1 cut. The largest rise, 150 kuruş, is seen in 1884/85. From the first salary to the last the salary grew by 5.43 per cent a year on average. The last salary is recorded in 1905/06, when 89 per cent of the other officials with a recorded salary that year earned less.