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Ottoman BureaucracyPeople, places and careers in Ottoman public service

Official

Mehmet Kemal Efendi

Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Istanbul (Dersaadet) in 1870/71 (AH 1287). On record 1889 to 1910, 21 annual entries.

Archive reference 0065_0131; 359

Life

Mehmet Kemal Efendi was born in Istanbul in 1870/71 (AH 1287). The record gives the community as Muslim (Müslüman) and the nationality as Turkish.

Schooling recorded: Rüşdiye Mektebi, with 7 years of schooling recorded. The record marks a qualification: a diploma, certificate, training or decoration (nişan). Languages recorded, with the skill words of the record: Turkish, with Kitabet.

First work is recorded in Istanbul in 1886/87 (AH 1304). The official was then about 16 years old. The record gives 3 years of unpaid apprenticeship (mülazemet) before the first salary. The first-salary field gives 30 kuruş a month. At the first annual entry, in 1889/90, the official was about 19 years old.

The first annual entry, for 1889/90, shows Muhasebe Kalemi in Istanbul, with 30 kuruş a month. In 1903/04 the record shows Başkitabet in Istanbul, the salary going from 510 to 800 kuruş a month (before: Muhasebe Kalemi in Istanbul). In 1909/10 the record shows Başmemur in Istanbul, the salary going from 800 to 1,300 kuruş a month (before: Başkitabet in Istanbul).

The highest salary, 1,300 kuruş a month, is first recorded in 1909/10 as Başmemur. 78 per cent of the other officials with a recorded salary that year earned less. The median salary of all officials that year was 462.5 kuruş. Over 21 years with a salary the median is 400 kuruş a month, with 11 rises and no cuts. The largest rise, 500 kuruş, is seen in 1909/10. From the first salary to the last the salary grew by 20.74 per cent a year on average.

Record

Personal

Born
1870/71 (AH 1287)
Community
Muslim (Müslüman)
Nationality as recorded
Turkish

Education

Rüşdiye
Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school)
Unpaid years (mülazemet)
3 years
Preparation route (classification of the paper)
Middle
Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
Yes

The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.

Languages

Turkish
Kitabetwriting

The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.

First work

Year
1886/87 (AH 1304)
First salary field (kuruş a month)
30

Career

Career of Mehmet Kemal Efendi, one row per stage
YearsTitlePlaceSalary (kuruş a month)
1886/87AH 1304First workIstanbul (Dersaadet)30first-salary field
1889 to 1903AH 1307 to 1320Muhasebe Kalemi
14 entries
YearSalary
1889/9030
1890/9130
1891/9250
1892/93100
1893/94150
1894/95170
1895/96170
1896/97200
1897/98225
1898/99225
1899/1900400
1900/01450
1901/02450
1902/03510
Istanbul (Dersaadet)30 to 510
1903 to 1909AH 1321 to 1326Başkitabet
6 entries
YearSalary
1903/04800
1904/05800
1905/06800
1906/07800
1907/08800
1908/09800
Istanbul (Dersaadet)800
1909/10AH 1327BaşmemurIstanbul (Dersaadet)1,300
Monthly salary, kuruş
05001,0001,5001892/93AH 13101897/98AH 13151902/03AH 13201907/08AH 13251,300 kuruş
Salary against the medians of the same year
20501002005001,0002,0001892/93AH 13101897/98AH 13151902/03AH 13201907/08AH 1325This officialMedian, all officialsMedian, same title

Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.

The numbers of the chart
Salary of Mehmet Kemal Efendi against the medians of the same year, kuruş a month
YearSalaryMedian, all officialsMedian, same titlePaid less
1889/90305002500%
1890/9130500272.50%
1891/92505002000%
1892/93100500182.53%
1893/941505002006%
1894/951705002508%
1895/961705002508%
1896/972005002458%
1897/9822550027513%
1898/99225500262.512%
1899/190040050030031%
1900/0145050030043%
1901/0245050034045%
1902/0351050035060%
1903/0480047572080%
1904/0580045080%
1905/0680047580078%
1906/0780045078%
1907/0880030079%
1908/0980035074%
1909/101,300462.578%

Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.

Choose a row to mark its years in the charts.

Recorded with

Recorded in the same place in the same years

1,408 officials in all. Officials recorded in Istanbul (Dersaadet)

Same school recorded

3,199 officials in all. Officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi recorded

Same birthplace

1,998 officials in all. Officials born in Istanbul (Dersaadet)

Full record

Annual entries (21)

Annual entries of Mehmet Kemal Efendi
YearTitlePlaceKuruş a monthInstitutionSourceArchive reference
1889/90AH 1307Muhasebe KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)30Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0065_0131; 359
1890/91AH 1308Muhasebe KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)30Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0065_0131; 359
1891/92AH 1309Muhasebe KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)50Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0065_0131; 359
1892/93AH 1310Muhasebe KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)100Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0065_0131; 359
1893/94AH 1311Muhasebe KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)150Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0065_0131; 359
1894/95AH 1312Muhasebe KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)170Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0065_0131; 359
1895/96AH 1313Muhasebe KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)170Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0065_0131; 359
1896/97AH 1314Muhasebe KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)200Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0065_0131; 359
1897/98AH 1315Muhasebe KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)225Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0065_0131; 359
1898/99AH 1316Muhasebe KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)225Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0065_0131; 359
1899/1900AH 1317Muhasebe KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)400Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0065_0131; 359
1900/01AH 1318Muhasebe KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)450Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0065_0131; 359
1901/02AH 1319Muhasebe KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)450Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0065_0131; 359
1902/03AH 1320Muhasebe KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)510Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0065_0131; 359
1903/04AH 1321BaşkitabetIstanbul (Dersaadet)800Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0065_0131; 359
1904/05AH 1322BaşkitabetIstanbul (Dersaadet)800Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0065_0131; 359
1905/06AH 1323BaşkitabetIstanbul (Dersaadet)800Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0065_0131; 359
1906/07AH 1324BaşkitabetIstanbul (Dersaadet)800Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0065_0131; 359
1907/08AH 1325BaşkitabetIstanbul (Dersaadet)800Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0065_0131; 359
1908/09AH 1326BaşkitabetIstanbul (Dersaadet)800Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0065_0131; 359
1909/10AH 1327BaşmemurIstanbul (Dersaadet)1,300Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0065_0131; 359
What the sources named in this table are
Recovered annual personnel extract
The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.

Sources and original values (14)

Recorded values of Mehmet Kemal Efendi with their sources
FieldRecorded valueSource
Identity
NameMehmet Kemal EfendiPersonnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Birth year (AH)1287Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
BirthplacedersaadetRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Province of birthdersaadetRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
ReligionmuslumanRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Nationality or communityTurkishRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Schooling
Schoolrusdiye mektebiRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Years of schooling7Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet)3 used on this pageRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet)0 other valueRecovered annual personnel extract
First work
First work: year (AH)1304Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
First work: Gregorian year as stored1887Recovered annual personnel extract
First work: placeistanbulRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
First salary field (kuruş a month)30Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
What the sources named in this table are
Earlier annual personnel extract
The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
Recovered annual personnel extract
The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Personnel attributes extract
The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
  • The sources give more than one value for a marked field. Every value is listed.
  • Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
  • 17 annual entries of 21 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.

How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.