Official
Mehmet Tevfik Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Izmir (İzmir) in 1862/63 (AH 1279). On record 1877 to 1879, 3 annual entries.
Archive reference 23_17; 31
Life#
Mehmet Tevfik Efendi was born in Izmir (İzmir) in 1862/63 (AH 1279). The record gives the community as Muslim (Müslüman), the nationality as Turkish and the father's occupation as cavus.
Schooling recorded: Rüşdiye Mektebi, with 7 years of schooling recorded, at a place worded Izmir. The record marks no qualification (diploma, certificate, training or decoration). Languages recorded, with the skill words of the record: Turkish, with Kitabet.
First work is recorded in Izmir in 1875/76 (AH 1292): Rusumat Kalemi. The official was then about 13 years old. The record gives 1 year of unpaid apprenticeship (mülazemet) before the first salary. The first-salary field gives 60 kuruş a month. At the first annual entry, in 1877/78, the official was about 15 years old.
The first annual entry, for 1877/78, shows Tahrirat Kalemi in Izmir, with 160 kuruş a month. In 1878 the record shows Mukayyit in Izmir, the salary going from 160 to 180 kuruş a month (before: Tahrirat Kalemi in Izmir). In 1878/79 the record shows Gumruk Kitabeti in Izmir, the salary going from 180 to 200 kuruş a month (before: Mukayyit in Izmir).
The highest salary, 200 kuruş a month, is first recorded in 1878/79 as Gumruk Kitabeti. 5 per cent of the other officials with a recorded salary that year earned less. The median salary of all officials that year was 600 kuruş. Over 3 years with a salary the median is 180 kuruş a month, with 2 rises and no cuts. The largest rise, 20 kuruş, is seen in 1878. From the first salary to the last the salary grew by 11.8 per cent a year on average.
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1862/63 (AH 1279)
- Birthplace
- Izmir (İzmir)
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
- Father's occupation
- cavus
Education
- Rüşdiye
- Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school); place of the school as worded: izmir
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 1 year
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- No
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1875/76 (AH 1292)
- Place
- Izmir (İzmir)
- First job as worded
- Rusumat Kalemi
- Age at first work (workbook field)
- 13
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 60
- First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month)
- 60
Career#
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1875/76AH 1292 | Rusumat Kalemifirst work | Izmir (İzmir) | 60first-salary field |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Tahrirat Kalemi | Izmir (İzmir) | 160 |
| 1878AH 1295 | Mukayyit | Izmir (İzmir) | 180 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | Gumruk Kitabeti | Izmir (İzmir) | 200 |
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1877/78 | 160 | 560 | 700 | 4% |
| 1878 | 180 | 600 | 600 | 3% |
| 1878/79 | 200 | 600 | 5% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Choose a row to mark its years in the charts.
Recorded with#
Recorded in the same place in the same years
- Mustafa EfendiIzmir (İzmir), 3 shared years
- Hacı Mustafa Nuri EfendiIzmir (İzmir), 3 shared years
- Yorgi Servet EfendiIzmir (İzmir), 3 shared years
- Dimitri Atnasyadi EfendiIzmir (İzmir), 3 shared years
- Kostantin EfendiIzmir (İzmir), 3 shared years
25 officials in all. Officials recorded in Izmir (İzmir)
Same school recorded
- Abdülhamit EfendiRüşdiye Mektebi, first annual entry 1877/78 (AH 1294)
- Ahmed Hamdi EfendiRüşdiye Mektebi, first annual entry 1877/78 (AH 1294)
- Ahmet Bican EfendiRüşdiye Mektebi, first annual entry 1877/78 (AH 1294)
- Ahmet Refik EfendiRüşdiye Mektebi, first annual entry 1877/78 (AH 1294)
- Ahmet Rıfat EfendiRüşdiye Mektebi, first annual entry 1877/78 (AH 1294)
3,199 officials in all. Officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi recorded
Same birthplace
- Yasil EfendiIzmir (İzmir), born 1861/62 (AH 1278)
- Abdullah Hamdi EfendiIzmir (İzmir), born 1864/65 (AH 1281)
- İbrahim Ethem EfendiIzmir (İzmir), born 1864/65 (AH 1281)
- Osman Nuri EfendiIzmir (İzmir), born 1864/65 (AH 1281)
- Mehmet Rıza EfendiIzmir (İzmir), born 1859/60 (AH 1276)
61 officials in all. Officials born in Izmir (İzmir)
Full record
Annual entries (3)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Tahrirat Kalemi | Izmir (İzmir) | 160 | Other | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 23_17; 31 |
| 1878AH 1295 | Mukayyit | Izmir (İzmir) | 180 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 23_17; 31 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | Gumruk Kitabeti | Izmir (İzmir) | 200 | Customs (Gümrük) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 23_17; 31 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Cross-ministry personnel workbook
- A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (24)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Mehmet Tevfik Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Linked personnel workbook |
| Birth year (AH) | 1279 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace | izmir | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: district (kaza) | izmir | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: sancak | izmir | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: province (vilayet) | Aydin | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Province of birth | aydin | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | cavus | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Rusdiye Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Place of the school | izmir | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Years of schooling | 7 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 1 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1292 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Linked personnel workbook |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1875 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | izmir | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: district (kaza) | izmir | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: sancak | izmir | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: province (vilayet) | aydin | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First job as worded | Rusumat Kalemi | Linked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Age at first work (workbook field) | 13 | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 60 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month) | 60 | Linked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
What the sources named in this table are
- Cross-ministry personnel workbook
- A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Linked personnel workbook
- The original personnel workbook, from which selected fields on background and first work are taken.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 1 annual entry of 3 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.