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Ottoman BureaucracyPeople, places and careers in Ottoman public service

Official

Mehmet Refik Efendi

Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Istanbul (Dersaadet) in 1880/81 (AH 1298). On record 1896 to 1906, 10 annual entries.

Archive reference 0098_0227; 451

Life

Mehmet Refik Efendi was born in Istanbul in 1880/81 (AH 1298). The record gives the community as Muslim (Müslüman), the nationality as Turkish and the father's occupation as Ketebe.

Schooling recorded: Rüşdiye Mektebi, with 7 years of schooling recorded. The record marks no qualification (diploma, certificate, training or decoration). Languages recorded, with the skill words of the record: Turkish, with Kitabet.

First work is recorded in Istanbul in 1893/94 (AH 1311). The official was then about 13 years old. The record gives 3 years of unpaid apprenticeship (mülazemet) before the first salary. The first-salary field gives 50 kuruş a month. At the first annual entry, in 1896/97, the official was about 16 years old.

The first annual entry, for 1896/97, shows Kontrol Kalemi in Istanbul, with 50 kuruş a month. In 1905/06 the record shows Mekâtib Memuru in Istanbul, the salary going from 110 to 300 kuruş a month (before: Kontrol Kalemi in Istanbul).

The highest salary, 300 kuruş a month, is first recorded in 1905/06 as Mekâtib Memuru. 23 per cent of the other officials with a recorded salary that year earned less. The median salary of all officials that year was 475 kuruş. Over 10 years with a salary the median is 100 kuruş a month, with 4 rises and no cuts. The largest rise, 190 kuruş, is seen in 1905/06. From the first salary to the last the salary grew by 22.03 per cent a year on average.

Record

Personal

Born
1880/81 (AH 1298)
Community
Muslim (Müslüman)
Nationality as recorded
Turkish
Father's occupation
Ketebe

Education

Rüşdiye
Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school)
Unpaid years (mülazemet)
3 years
Preparation route (classification of the paper)
Low
Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
No

The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.

Languages

Turkish
Kitabetwriting

The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.

First work

Year
1893/94 (AH 1311)
First salary field (kuruş a month)
50

Career

Career of Mehmet Refik Efendi, one row per stage
YearsTitlePlaceSalary (kuruş a month)
1893/94AH 1311First workIstanbul (Dersaadet)50first-salary field
1896 to 1905AH 1314 to 1322Kontrol Kalemi
9 entries
YearSalary
1896/9750
1897/9860
1898/9960
1899/1900100
1900/01100
1901/02100
1902/03100
1903/04110
1904/05110
Istanbul (Dersaadet)50 to 110
1905/06AH 1323Mekâtib MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)300
Monthly salary, kuruş
01002003001896/97AH 13141898/99AH 13161900/01AH 13181902/03AH 13201904/05AH 1322300 kuruş
Salary against the medians of the same year
501002005001896/97AH 13141898/99AH 13161900/01AH 13181902/03AH 13201904/05AH 1322This officialMedian, all officialsMedian, same title

Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.

The numbers of the chart
Salary of Mehmet Refik Efendi against the medians of the same year, kuruş a month
YearSalaryMedian, all officialsMedian, same titlePaid less
1896/97505002500%
1897/98605002401%
1898/99605002401%
1899/19001005003000%
1900/011005003001%
1901/021005004251%
1902/031005003001%
1903/041104752603%
1904/051104502104%
1905/0630047530023%

Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.

Choose a row to mark its years in the charts.

Recorded with

Recorded in the same place in the same years

996 officials in all. Officials recorded in Istanbul (Dersaadet)

Same school recorded

3,199 officials in all. Officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi recorded

Same birthplace

1,998 officials in all. Officials born in Istanbul (Dersaadet)

Full record

Annual entries (10)

Annual entries of Mehmet Refik Efendi
YearTitlePlaceKuruş a monthInstitutionSourceArchive reference
1896/97AH 1314Kontrol KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)50Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0098_0227; 451
1897/98AH 1315Kontrol KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)60Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0098_0227; 451
1898/99AH 1316Kontrol KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)60Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0098_0227; 451
1899/1900AH 1317Kontrol KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)100Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0098_0227; 451
1900/01AH 1318Kontrol KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)100Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0098_0227; 451
1901/02AH 1319Kontrol KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)100Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0098_0227; 451
1902/03AH 1320Kontrol KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)100Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0098_0227; 451
1903/04AH 1321Kontrol KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)110Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0098_0227; 451
1904/05AH 1322Kontrol KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)110Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0098_0227; 451
1905/06AH 1323Mekâtib MemuruIstanbul (Dersaadet)300Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0098_0227; 451
What the sources named in this table are
Recovered annual personnel extract
The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.

Sources and original values (14)

Recorded values of Mehmet Refik Efendi with their sources
FieldRecorded valueSource
Identity
NameMehmet Refik EfendiPersonnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Birth year (AH)1298Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
BirthplacedersaadetRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Province of birthdersaadetRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Father's occupationKetebeRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
ReligionMuslumanRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Nationality or communityTurkishRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Schooling
SchoolRusdiye MektebiRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Years of schooling7Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet)3Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
First work
First work: year (AH)1311Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
First work: Gregorian year as stored1893Recovered annual personnel extract
First work: placeistanbulRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
First salary field (kuruş a month)50Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
What the sources named in this table are
Earlier annual personnel extract
The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
Recovered annual personnel extract
The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Personnel attributes extract
The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
  • Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
  • 10 annual entries of 10 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.

How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.