Skip to content
Ottoman BureaucracyPeople, places and careers in Ottoman public service

Official

Münşi Efendi

Jewish (Musevi). Born in Baghdad (Bağdat) in 1875/76 (AH 1292). On record 1896 to 1907, 11 annual entries.

Archive reference 101_242_481

Life

Münşi Efendi was born in Baghdad (Bağdat) in 1875/76 (AH 1292). The record gives the community as Jewish (Musevi), the nationality as Yahudi and the father's occupation as Esnaf.

Schooling recorded: Millet Mektebi, with 4 years of schooling recorded. The record marks no qualification (diploma, certificate, training or decoration). Languages recorded, with the skill words of the record: Arabic, with Kitabet; English, with Kitabet; French, with Kitabet; Turkish, with Kitabet.

First work is recorded in Baghdad in 1894/95 (AH 1312). The official was then about 19 years old. The record gives 2 years of unpaid apprenticeship (mülazemet) before the first salary. The first-salary field gives 200 kuruş a month. At the first annual entry, in 1896/97, the official was about 21 years old.

The first annual entry, for 1896/97, shows Muhabere Memuru in Basra, with 200 kuruş a month. In 1898/99 the record shows Muhabere Memuru in Baghdad, the salary going from 200 to 250 kuruş a month (before: Muhabere Memuru in Basra). In 1906/07 the record shows Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti in Baghdad, the salary going from 350 to 450 kuruş a month (before: Muhabere Memuru in Baghdad).

The highest salary, 450 kuruş a month, is first recorded in 1906/07 as Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti. 49 per cent of the other officials with a recorded salary that year earned less. The median salary of all officials that year was 450 kuruş. Over 11 years with a salary the median is 250 kuruş a month, with 3 rises and no cuts. The largest rise, 100 kuruş, is seen in 1904/05. From the first salary to the last the salary grew by 8.45 per cent a year on average.

Record

Personal

Born
1875/76 (AH 1292)
Community
Jewish (Musevi)
Nationality as recorded
Yahudi
Father's occupation
Esnaf

Education

Community school
Millet Mektebi (4 years)community school (school of a non-Muslim community)
Unpaid years (mülazemet)
2 years
Preparation route (classification of the paper)
Low
Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.

The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.

Languages

Arabic
Kitabetwriting
English
Kitabetwriting
French
Kitabetwriting
Turkish
Kitabetwriting

The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.

First work

Year
1894/95 (AH 1312)
First salary field (kuruş a month)
200

Career

Career of Münşi Efendi, one row per stage
YearsTitlePlaceSalary (kuruş a month)
1894/95AH 1312First workBaghdad (Bağdat)200first-salary field
1896 to 1898AH 1314 to 1315Muhabere Memuru
2 entries
YearSalary
1896/97200
1897/98200
Basra200
1898 to 1906AH 1316 to 1323Muhabere Memuru
8 entries
YearSalary
1898/99250
1899/1900250
1900/01250
1901/02250
1902/03250
1903/04250
1904/05350
1905/06350
Baghdad (Bağdat)250 to 350
1906/07AH 1324Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye MemuriyetiBaghdad (Bağdat)450
Monthly salary, kuruş
02004006001896/97AH 13141898/99AH 13161900/01AH 13181902/03AH 13201904/05AH 13221906/07AH 1324450 kuruş
Salary against the medians of the same year
2005001896/97AH 13141898/99AH 13161900/01AH 13181902/03AH 13201904/05AH 13221906/07AH 1324This officialMedian, all officialsMedian, same title

Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.

The numbers of the chart
Salary of Münşi Efendi against the medians of the same year, kuruş a month
YearSalaryMedian, all officialsMedian, same titlePaid less
1896/972005004008%
1897/982005004009%
1898/9925050040013%
1899/190025050040012%
1900/0125050040013%
1901/0225050040014%
1902/0325050038015%
1903/0425047535014%
1904/0535045035032%
1905/0635047533032%
1906/0745045035049%

Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.

Placesbornfirst workannual entries
BaghdadBasra

Choose a row to mark its years in the charts and its place on the map.

Recorded with

Recorded in the same place in the same years

79 officials in all. Officials recorded in Baghdad (Bağdat)

Same school recorded

262 officials in all. Officials with Millet Mektebi recorded

Same birthplace

72 officials in all. Officials born in Baghdad (Bağdat)

Full record

Annual entries (11)

Annual entries of Münşi Efendi
YearTitlePlaceKuruş a monthInstitutionSourceArchive reference
1896/97AH 1314Muhabere MemuruBasra200Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract101_242_481
1897/98AH 1315Muhabere MemuruBasra200Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract101_242_481
1898/99AH 1316Muhabere MemuruBaghdad (Bağdat)250Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract101_242_481
1899/1900AH 1317Muhabere MemuruBaghdad (Bağdat)250Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract101_242_481
1900/01AH 1318Muhabere MemuruBaghdad (Bağdat)250Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract101_242_481
1901/02AH 1319Muhabere MemuruBaghdad (Bağdat)250Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract101_242_481
1902/03AH 1320Muhabere MemuruBaghdad (Bağdat)250Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract101_242_481
1903/04AH 1321Muhabere MemuruBaghdad (Bağdat)250Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract101_242_481
1904/05AH 1322Muhabere MemuruBaghdad (Bağdat)350Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract101_242_481
1905/06AH 1323Muhabere MemuruBaghdad (Bağdat)350Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract101_242_481
1906/07AH 1324Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye MemuriyetiBaghdad (Bağdat)450Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract101_242_481
What the sources named in this table are
Recovered annual personnel extract
The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.

Sources and original values (14)

Recorded values of Münşi Efendi with their sources
FieldRecorded valueSource
Identity
NameMünşi EfendiPersonnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Birth year (AH)1292Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
BirthplacebagdatRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Province of birthbagdatRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Father's occupationEsnafRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
ReligionMuseviRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Nationality or communityYahudiRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Schooling
SchoolMillet MektebiRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Years of schooling4Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet)2Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
First work
First work: year (AH)1312Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
First work: Gregorian year as stored1894Recovered annual personnel extract
First work: placeBagdatRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
First salary field (kuruş a month)200Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
What the sources named in this table are
Earlier annual personnel extract
The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
Recovered annual personnel extract
The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Personnel attributes extract
The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
  • Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
  • 10 annual entries of 11 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.

How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.