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Official

Galyar İskender Efendi

Greek Orthodox Christian (Rum). Born in Istanbul (Dersaadet) in 1838/39 (AH 1254). On record 1858 to 1891, 32 annual entries. Death recorded 1891/92.

Life

Galyar İskender Efendi was born in Istanbul in 1838/39 (AH 1254). The record gives the community as Greek Orthodox Christian (Rum) and the father's occupation as Miralay.

Schooling recorded: Bebek Mektebi, with 4 years of schooling recorded. The record marks no qualification (diploma, certificate, training or decoration). Languages recorded, with the skill words of the record: English, with Kitabet; French, with Kitabet; Greek (Rum), with Kitabet; Italian, with Kitabet; Turkish, with Kitabet.

First work is recorded in Edirne in 1858/59 (AH 1275). The official was then about 20 years old. The record gives no years of unpaid apprenticeship (mülazemet). The first-salary field gives 750 kuruş a month. At the first annual entry, in 1858/59, the official was about 20 years old.

The first annual entry, for 1858/59, shows Muhabere Memuru in Edirne, with 750 kuruş a month. In 1860/61 the record shows Muhabere Memuru in Niš (Niş), with 750 kuruş a month (before: Muhabere Memuru in Edirne). In 1861/62 the record shows Muhabere Memuru in Ruse (Rusçuk), with 750 kuruş a month (before: Muhabere Memuru in Niš). In 1863/64 the record shows Muhabere Memuru in Al-Faw (Fav), the salary going from 750 to 2,400 kuruş a month (before: Muhabere Memuru in Ruse). In 1864/65 the record shows Sefit in Durrës (Dıraç), with 2,400 kuruş a month (before: Muhabere Memuru in Al-Faw). In 1866/67 the record shows Kontrol Kalemi Basmemuru in Ruse, the salary going from 2,400 to 1,200 kuruş a month (before: Sefit in Durrës). 3 further changes of title or place follow in the record. In 1872/73 the record shows Seyyar Mufettis in Baghdad (Bağdat), with 2,000 kuruş a month (before: Müfettiş Muavini in Baghdad). In 1875/76 the record shows Müfettiş in Mosul (Musul), with 2,000 kuruş a month (before: Seyyar Mufettis in Baghdad). In 1880/81 the record shows Seyyar Mufettis in Sivas, with 2,000 kuruş a month (before: Müfettiş in Mosul). In 1886/87 the record shows Müfettiş in Aleppo (Halep), with 2,000 kuruş a month (before: Seyyar Mufettis in Sivas). In 1888/89 the record shows Müfettiş in Kastamonu, with 2,000 kuruş a month (before: Müfettiş in Aleppo). No annual entry is recorded for 1859/60 and 1879/80.

The highest salary, 2,800 kuruş a month, is first recorded in 1868/69 as Sefit. 95 per cent of the other officials with a recorded salary that year earned less. The median salary of all officials that year was 600 kuruş. Over 32 years with a salary the median is 2,000 kuruş a month, with 3 rises and 2 cuts. The largest rise, 1,650 kuruş, is seen in 1863/64. From the first salary to the last the salary grew by 3.02 per cent a year on average. The last salary is recorded in 1890/91, when 95 per cent of the other officials with a recorded salary that year earned less.

A death is recorded under 1891/92 (AH 1309): the year of the annual list that holds the status word Vefat, not a date of death.

Record

Personal

Born
1838/39 (AH 1254)
Community
Greek Orthodox Christian (Rum)
Nationality as recorded
Rum
Father's occupation
Miralay
Death recorded
1891/92 (AH 1309)the year of the annual list with the word Vefat, not a date of death

Education

Other named school
Bebek Mektebi (4 years)
Unpaid years (mülazemet)
0 years
Preparation route (classification of the paper)
Low
Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.

The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.

Languages

English
Kitabetwriting
French
Kitabetwriting
Italian
Kitabetwriting
Greek (Rum)
Kitabetwriting. Rum is the word of the records for Greek as spoken by the Orthodox Christians of the empire. It is kept apart from the column Greek, which the records also have
Turkish
Kitabetwriting

The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.

First work

Year
1858/59 (AH 1275)
Place
Edirne
First salary field (kuruş a month)
750

Career

Career of Galyar İskender Efendi, one row per stage
YearsTitlePlaceSalary (kuruş a month)
1858/59AH 1275First workEdirne750first-salary field
1858/59AH 1275Muhabere MemuruEdirne750
No annual entry: 1859/60 (AH 1276)
1860/61AH 1277Muhabere MemuruNiš (Niş)750
1861 to 1863AH 1278 to 1279Muhabere Memuru
2 entries
YearSalary
1861/62750
1862/63750
Ruse (Rusçuk)750
1863/64AH 1280Muhabere MemuruAl-Faw (Fav)2,400
1864 to 1866AH 1281 to 1282Sefit
2 entries
YearSalary
1864/652,400
1865/662,400
Durrës (Dıraç)2,400
1866/67AH 1283Kontrol Kalemi BasmemuruRuse (Rusçuk)1,200
1867/68AH 1284Muhabere MemuruAl-Faw (Fav)2,400
1868 to 1871AH 1285 to 1287Sefit
3 entries
YearSalary
1868/692,800
1869/702,800
1870/712,800
Baghdad (Bağdat)2,800
1871/72AH 1288Müfettiş MuaviniBaghdad (Bağdat)2,000
1872 to 1875AH 1289 to 1291Seyyar Mufettis
3 entries
YearSalary
1872/732,000
1873/742,000
1874/752,000
Baghdad (Bağdat)2,000
1875 to 1879AH 1292 to 1296Müfettiş
5 entries
YearSalary
1875/762,000
1876/772,000
1877/782,000
18782,000
1878/792,000
Mosul (Musul)2,000
No annual entry: 1879/80 (AH 1297)
1880 to 1886AH 1298 to 1303Seyyar Mufettis
6 entries
YearSalary
1880/812,000
1881/822,000
1882/832,000
1883/842,000
1884/852,000
1885/862,000
Sivas2,000
1886 to 1888AH 1304 to 1305Müfettiş
2 entries
YearSalary
1886/872,000
1887/882,000
Aleppo (Halep)2,000
1888 to 1891AH 1306 to 1308Müfettiş
3 entries
YearSalary
1888/892,000
1889/902,000
1890/912,000
Kastamonu2,000
1891/92AH 1309Death recorded
Monthly salary, kuruş
no entryno entry01,0002,0003,0001863/64AH 12801873/74AH 12901882/83AH 13002,800 kuruş
Salary against the medians of the same year
2005001,0002,0005,0001863/64AH 12801873/74AH 12901882/83AH 1300This officialMedian, all officialsMedian, same title

Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.

The numbers of the chart
Salary of Galyar İskender Efendi against the medians of the same year, kuruş a month
YearSalaryMedian, all officialsMedian, same titlePaid less
1858/5975050050065%
1860/6175050050056%
1861/6275060050052%
1862/6375050050056%
1863/642,40050050091%
1864/652,40062591%
1865/662,40065090%
1866/671,20060074%
1867/682,40060048092%
1868/692,80060095%
1869/702,80060095%
1870/712,80060095%
1871/722,0005502,00093%
1872/732,00055093%
1873/742,00050093%
1874/752,00053593%
1875/762,0005302,50093%
1876/772,000582.52,00092%
1877/782,0005602,00092%
18782,0006002,00091%
1878/792,0006002,00091%
1880/812,00050093%
1881/822,00050092%
1882/832,00050092%
1883/842,00050092%
1884/852,00050092%
1885/862,00050093%
1886/872,0005002,00093%
1887/882,0005002,00093%
1888/892,0005002,00094%
1889/902,0005002,00095%
1890/912,0005002,00095%

Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.

Placesbornfirst workannual entries
IstanbulKastamonuEdirneNišRuseAl-FawDurrësBaghdad

Choose a row to mark its years in the charts and its place on the map.

Recorded with

Recorded in the same place in the same years

112 officials in all. Officials recorded in Baghdad (Bağdat)

Same birthplace

1,998 officials in all. Officials born in Istanbul (Dersaadet)

Full record

Annual entries (32)

Annual entries of Galyar İskender Efendi
YearTitlePlaceKuruş a monthInstitutionSourceArchive reference
1858/59AH 1275Muhabere MemuruEdirne750Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1860/61AH 1277Muhabere MemuruNiš (Niş)750Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1861/62AH 1278Muhabere MemuruRuse (Rusçuk)750Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1862/63AH 1279Muhabere MemuruRuse (Rusçuk)750Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1863/64AH 1280Muhabere MemuruAl-Faw (Fav)2,400Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1864/65AH 1281SefitDurrës (Dıraç)2,400Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1865/66AH 1282SefitDurrës (Dıraç)2,400Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1866/67AH 1283Kontrol Kalemi BasmemuruRuse (Rusçuk)1,200Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1867/68AH 1284Muhabere MemuruAl-Faw (Fav)2,400Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1868/69AH 1285SefitBaghdad (Bağdat)2,800Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1869/70AH 1286SefitBaghdad (Bağdat)2,800Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1870/71AH 1287SefitBaghdad (Bağdat)2,800Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1871/72AH 1288Müfettiş MuaviniBaghdad (Bağdat)2,000Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1872/73AH 1289Seyyar MufettisBaghdad (Bağdat)2,000Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1873/74AH 1290Seyyar MufettisBaghdad (Bağdat)2,000Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1874/75AH 1291Seyyar MufettisBaghdad (Bağdat)2,000Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1875/76AH 1292MüfettişMosul (Musul)2,000Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1876/77AH 1293MüfettişMosul (Musul)2,000Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1877/78AH 1294MüfettişMosul (Musul)2,000Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1878AH 1295MüfettişMosul (Musul)2,000Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1878/79AH 1296MüfettişMosul (Musul)2,000Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1880/81AH 1298Seyyar MufettisSivas2,000Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1881/82AH 1299Seyyar MufettisSivas2,000Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1882/83AH 1300Seyyar MufettisSivas2,000Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1883/84AH 1301Seyyar MufettisSivas2,000Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1884/85AH 1302Seyyar MufettisSivas2,000Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1885/86AH 1303Seyyar MufettisSivas2,000Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1886/87AH 1304MüfettişAleppo (Halep)2,000Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1887/88AH 1305MüfettişAleppo (Halep)2,000Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1888/89AH 1306MüfettişKastamonu2,000Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1889/90AH 1307MüfettişKastamonu2,000Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
1890/91AH 1308MüfettişKastamonu2,000Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0002_0220; 436
What the sources named in this table are
Recovered annual personnel extract
The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.

Sources and original values (15)

Recorded values of Galyar İskender Efendi with their sources
FieldRecorded valueSource
Identity
NameGalyar İskender EfendiPersonnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Birth year (AH)1254Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
BirthplacedersaadetRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Province of birthdersaadetRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Father's occupationmiralayRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
ReligionHristiyanRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Nationality or communityrumRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Schooling
Schoolbebek mektebiRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Years of schooling4Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet)0Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
First work
First work: year (AH)1275Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
First work: Gregorian year as stored1859Recovered annual personnel extract
First work: placeedirneRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
First salary field (kuruş a month)750Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Status
Death recorded under the year (AH)1309Earlier annual personnel extract (original copy); Earlier annual personnel extract (parallel copy)
What the sources named in this table are
Earlier annual personnel extract (original copy)
A copy of the earlier annual personnel file, read for the title wording of each year. A death taken from it is the status word Vefat in the title field of one annual list: the year is the year of that list, not a date of death.
Earlier annual personnel extract (parallel copy)
A second copy of the earlier annual personnel file, read in the same way. A death taken from it is the status word Vefat in the title field of one annual list: the year is the year of that list, not a date of death. Two copies that agree are one piece of evidence, not two.
Earlier annual personnel extract
The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
Recovered annual personnel extract
The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Personnel attributes extract
The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
  • Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
  • 21 annual entries of 32 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.

How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.