Job title
Müfettiş Muavini
Assistant inspector
Group of job titles: Inspection and control
Stored spellings: Mufettis Muavini; Mufettis muavini; mufettis muavini
91 officials held the job title Müfettiş Muavini. Its 497 annual entries run from 1866 to 1909 (AH 1283 to 1326). The median of the 497 recorded monthly salaries is 1,200 kuruş, against 500 kuruş for the whole collection in the same years. The median entry paid 2.4 times the collection median of its year. On average an official was paid more than 90 per cent of the other officials with a salary in the same year. Half of the officials have an entry in it in no more than 4 different years, and a quarter in 8 or more. It was the first title on record for 1 per cent of the officials and the last for 33 per cent. The title held just before it by most officials is 2. Müdür (39 officials), and the title held just after it by most officials is Müfettiş (23 officials). The entries name 31 places. The place with the largest number of officials is Konya, with 11.
- Officials
- 91
- Years on recordAH 1283 to 1326, 42 years with an entry
- 1866 to 1909
- Median monthly salary2.4× the collection median of the same years (500 kuruş)
- 1,200 kuruş
- Places with officials
- 31
- First job title on recordfor 1 of the 91 officials
- 1%
What the job was
Assistant inspector (müfettiş muavini). An assistant inspector could be sent from Istanbul to head a telegraph region of the provinces, to oversee its directors and officials and to represent the ministry there.
Rank and pay
Directors of offices answered to the inspector or assistant inspector of their region. In the registers the most frequent salary of an assistant inspector was 1,200 kuruş a month up to the general reduction of 1897 and 1,080 kuruş after it.
Sources
- Güneş, Mahir Melih (2026). Anadolu'da Telgrafın Toplumsal Tarihi (1856-1908). Doctoral thesis, Hacettepe University. Online copy (read 11 October 2026).Pages or part: 115, 117. Used for: summary, rank and pay.
- The school and the office: training, entry and pay in the Ottoman Post and Telegraph service, 1870-1905. Working paper, 2026 (the paper behind this collection; its Section II reports Akyıldız 2024, Ata 2022 and Ayhan and Maviş 1994).Pages or part: Table A17. Used for: rank and pay.
Monthly salary each year
The same numbers as a table
| Year | Recorded salaries | Median | Mean | Lower quartile | Upper quartile | Median of the whole collection |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1866/67 | 2 | 2,050 | 2,050 | 1,825 | 2,275 | 600 |
| 1867/68 | 3 | 2,000 | 2,033.33 | 1,800 | 2,250 | 600 |
| 1868/69 | 3 | 2,000 | 2,033.33 | 1,800 | 2,250 | 600 |
| 1869/70 | 7 | 2,000 | 2,214.29 | 2,000 | 2,250 | 600 |
| 1870/71 | 8 | 2,000 | 2,212.5 | 1,975 | 2,125 | 600 |
| 1871/72 | 9 | 2,000 | 2,061.11 | 1,900 | 2,000 | 550 |
| 1872/73 | 6 | 2,150 | 2,225 | 1,925 | 2,337.5 | 550 |
| 1873/74 | 5 | 1,900 | 1,920 | 1,450 | 1,900 | 500 |
| 1874/75 | 5 | 1,500 | 1,660 | 1,450 | 1,900 | 535 |
| 1875/76 | 5 | 1,500 | 1,500 | 1,450 | 1,500 | 530 |
| 1876/77 | 3 | 1,450 | 1,466.67 | 1,450 | 1,475 | 575 |
| 1877/78 | 3 | 1,450 | 1,466.67 | 1,450 | 1,475 | 560 |
| 1878 | 2 | 1,450 | 1,450 | 1,450 | 1,450 | 600 |
| 1878/79 | 2 | 1,450 | 1,450 | 1,450 | 1,450 | 600 |
| 1881/82 | 2 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 500 |
| 1882/83 | 9 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 500 |
| 1883/84 | 16 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 500 |
| 1884/85 | 15 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 500 |
| 1885/86 | 16 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 500 |
| 1886/87 | 17 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 500 |
| 1887/88 | 19 | 1,200 | 1,189.47 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 500 |
| 1888/89 | 21 | 1,200 | 1,188.1 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 500 |
| 1889/90 | 23 | 1,200 | 1,191.3 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 500 |
| 1890/91 | 22 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 500 |
| 1891/92 | 23 | 1,200 | 1,223.91 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 500 |
| 1892/93 | 20 | 1,200 | 1,212.5 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 500 |
| 1893/94 | 16 | 1,200 | 1,187.5 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 500 |
| 1894/95 | 17 | 1,200 | 1,164.71 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 500 |
| 1895/96 | 15 | 1,200 | 1,263.33 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 500 |
| 1896/97 | 17 | 1,080 | 1,151.47 | 1,080 | 1,080 | 500 |
| 1897/98 | 17 | 1,080 | 1,116.76 | 1,080 | 1,080 | 500 |
| 1898/99 | 15 | 1,080 | 1,095.33 | 1,080 | 1,080 | 500 |
| 1899/1900 | 16 | 1,080 | 1,173.44 | 1,080 | 1,200 | 500 |
| 1900/01 | 17 | 1,080 | 1,185.59 | 1,080 | 1,200 | 500 |
| 1901/02 | 14 | 1,080 | 1,185.36 | 1,080 | 1,200 | 500 |
| 1902/03 | 17 | 1,080 | 1,158.53 | 1,080 | 1,200 | 500 |
| 1903/04 | 17 | 1,080 | 1,122.06 | 1,080 | 1,200 | 475 |
| 1904/05 | 17 | 1,180 | 1,183.53 | 1,080 | 1,200 | 450 |
| 1905/06 | 14 | 1,080 | 1,218.57 | 1,080 | 1,200 | 475 |
| 1906/07 | 12 | 1,100 | 1,266.67 | 1,080 | 1,275 | 450 |
| 1907/08 | 6 | 1,100 | 1,146.67 | 1,080 | 1,180 | 300 |
| 1908/09 | 4 | 1,210 | 1,280 | 1,200 | 1,290 | 350 |
Salaries are nominal monthly amounts in kuruş, as assigned. The thick line is the median of each year and the thin line the mean. A year with fewer than 5 recorded salaries is drawn as an open mark and is not joined to the line.
Pay against the whole collection
91 officials with a salary, each counted once in the band of the median of the official's salaries in this job. A bar runs from its number to the next; the last is 2,500 kuruş and more. Most officials (69%) are in the band 1,000 to 1,500 kuruş.
The same numbers as a table
| Median monthly salary, kuruş | Officials | Share | Whole collection |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 to 100 | 0 | 0% | 3% |
| 100 to 200 | 0 | 0% | 10% |
| 200 to 300 | 0 | 0% | 17% |
| 300 to 400 | 0 | 0% | 18% |
| 400 to 500 | 0 | 0% | 17% |
| 500 to 750 | 0 | 0% | 23% |
| 750 to 1,000 | 1 | 1% | 5% |
| 1,000 to 1,500 | 63 | 69% | 4% |
| 1,500 to 2,500 | 23 | 25% | 2% |
| 2,500 and more | 4 | 4% | 1% |
The median of the 497 recorded monthly salaries of this job is 1,200 kuruş. In the same years the whole collection paid a median of 500 kuruş. The median entry paid 2.4× the collection median of its year, and the middle half of the entries between 2.4× and 2.4×. On average an official of this job was paid more than 90% of the other paid officials of the same year.
The dot is the median, the box the middle half of the entries. Dashed lines: the collection median of the same years (1×) and the middle of the paid officials (50%).
Where the job was held
| Place | Officials | Remark |
|---|---|---|
| Konya | 11 | |
| Aleppo (Halep) | 10 | |
| Diyarbakır | 10 | |
| Edirne | 10 | |
| Ioannina (Yanya) | 9 | |
| Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 8 | |
| Ankara | 6 | |
| Kastamonu | 6 | |
| Trabzon | 6 | |
| Aydın | 5 |
Career paths: the titles just before and after
The number is the officials who made the move. Under it, the median change of the monthly salary: the first salary of the later title less the last salary of the earlier one, where at least 5 moves have both.
Held just before
The title of the entries just before a run of Müfettiş Muavini. Pay: the change on moving from that title to Müfettiş Muavini. The 8 titles with most officials, of 95 moves in all.
Held just after
The title of the entries just after a run of Müfettiş Muavini. Pay: the change on moving from Müfettiş Muavini to that title. The 8 titles with most officials, of 66 moves in all.
Of the 132 moves shown, 13 cross at least one year without an annual entry; nothing is known about those years. Two posts held in the same years are not counted as a move.
Time in the job
- Years with an entry in the job
- 4 yearsmedian over 91 officials
- A quarter of the officials
- 7.5 years or moreupper quartile
- Most years of one official
- 21 years
Years are years with an annual entry in the job, each counted once for an official. They need not follow one another, and nothing is known about a year without an entry. With two posts in the first or last year, both count.
Who held the job
Officials of this jobWhole collection
Community
91 officials with it recorded.
Age at the first annual entry in the job
91 officials with it recorded.
Province of birth
85 officials with it recorded. 12 other values not shown.
Schooling
90 officials with it recorded. An official can have several, so the shares add up to more than 100%. The groups of the schools recorded for each official.
Languages
90 officials with it recorded. An official can have several, so the shares add up to more than 100%. 1 other value not shown.
Qualification
91 officials with it recorded. A diploma, certificate, training or decoration (nişan) recorded in the schooling or the work.
Officials on record each year
The same numbers as a table
| Year | Officials on record | First recorded | Annual entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1866/67 (AH 1283) | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| 1867/68 (AH 1284) | 3 | 2 | 3 |
| 1868/69 (AH 1285) | 3 | 1 | 3 |
| 1869/70 (AH 1286) | 7 | 4 | 7 |
| 1870/71 (AH 1287) | 8 | 3 | 8 |
| 1871/72 (AH 1288) | 9 | 3 | 9 |
| 1872/73 (AH 1289) | 6 | 1 | 6 |
| 1873/74 (AH 1290) | 5 | 3 | 5 |
| 1874/75 (AH 1291) | 5 | 1 | 5 |
| 1875/76 (AH 1292) | 5 | 1 | 5 |
| 1876/77 (AH 1293) | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 1877/78 (AH 1294) | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 1878 (AH 1295) | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 1878/79 (AH 1296) | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 1881/82 (AH 1299) | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| 1882/83 (AH 1300) | 9 | 7 | 9 |
| 1883/84 (AH 1301) | 16 | 7 | 16 |
| 1884/85 (AH 1302) | 15 | 1 | 15 |
| 1885/86 (AH 1303) | 16 | 2 | 16 |
| 1886/87 (AH 1304) | 17 | 1 | 17 |
| 1887/88 (AH 1305) | 19 | 4 | 19 |
| 1888/89 (AH 1306) | 21 | 2 | 21 |
| 1889/90 (AH 1307) | 23 | 2 | 23 |
| 1890/91 (AH 1308) | 22 | 1 | 22 |
| 1891/92 (AH 1309) | 23 | 1 | 23 |
| 1892/93 (AH 1310) | 20 | 4 | 20 |
| 1893/94 (AH 1311) | 16 | 1 | 16 |
| 1894/95 (AH 1312) | 17 | 5 | 17 |
| 1895/96 (AH 1313) | 15 | 2 | 15 |
| 1896/97 (AH 1314) | 17 | 1 | 17 |
| 1897/98 (AH 1315) | 17 | 1 | 17 |
| 1898/99 (AH 1316) | 15 | 1 | 15 |
| 1899/1900 (AH 1317) | 16 | 3 | 16 |
| 1900/01 (AH 1318) | 17 | 4 | 17 |
| 1901/02 (AH 1319) | 14 | 1 | 14 |
| 1902/03 (AH 1320) | 17 | 4 | 17 |
| 1903/04 (AH 1321) | 17 | 3 | 17 |
| 1904/05 (AH 1322) | 17 | 5 | 17 |
| 1905/06 (AH 1323) | 14 | 2 | 14 |
| 1906/07 (AH 1324) | 12 | 1 | 12 |
| 1907/08 (AH 1325) | 6 | 1 | 6 |
| 1908/09 (AH 1326) | 4 | 1 | 4 |
An official is counted once in a year. First recorded is the first year in which the collection has an annual entry of the official on this page. It is not a hiring date.
Places
Show the other 6 places
| Place | Province | Officials | Annual entries | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bitlis | Bitlis province | 1 | 4 | 1894 to 1898 |
| Beyoğlu | Istanbul (Dersaadet) province | 1 | 3 | 1895 to 1898 |
| Damascus (Şam) | Syria (Suriye) province | 1 | 2 | 1871 to 1873 |
| Berat (Arnavut Belgradı) | Ioannina (Yanya) province | 1 | 1 | 1870/71 |
| Elazığ | Mamuretülaziz province | 1 | 1 | 1903/04 |
| Izmir (İzmir) | Aydın province | 1 | 1 | 1871/72 |
Ottoman officials recorded
91 officials, the one with most annual entries first. The first 25 are shown, the others are under them.
| Official | Years | Annual entries | Kuruş a month | Birthplace |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mustafa Tıfli Efendi | 1882 to 1903 | 21 | 1,080 to 1,200 | Veliko Tarnovo (Tırnova) |
| Mustafa Cudi Efendi | 1883 to 1903 | 20 | 1,080 to 1,200 | Harput |
| Mustafa İsmet Efendi | 1882 to 1900 | 18 | 1,080 to 1,200 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Mahmut Aziz Efendi | 1882 to 1898 | 16 | 1,080 to 1,200 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Ali Rıza Bey | 1894 to 1909 | 15 | 900 to 1,220 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| İbrahim Edhem Efendi | 1890 to 1904 | 14 | 1,200 | Bitola (Manastır) |
| Mehmet İzzet Efendi | 1882 to 1895 | 13 | 1,200 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Mehmet Şakir Efendi | 1881 to 1894 | 13 | 1,200 | Siverek |
| Hacı Kâmil Efendi | 1887 to 1899 | 12 | 800 to 1,000 | Vidin |
| Mehmet Asaf Efendi | 1894 to 1906 | 12 | 1,080 to 1,200 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Ahmet Rüştü Efendi | 1883 to 1899 | 11 | 1,080 to 1,200 | Mudurnu |
| Mehmet Tevfik Efendi | 1887 to 1900 | 11 | 1,200 | Kemaliye (Eğin) |
| Mehmet Zühtü Efendi | 1881 to 1892 | 11 | 1,200 to 1,750 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Antas Efendi | 1897 to 1907 | 10 | 710 to 1,080 | Izmir (İzmir) |
| Mehmet Rauf Efendi | 1884 to 1906 | 10 | 600 to 1,200 | Trabzon |
| Abdullah Hilmi Efendi | 1883 to 1892 | 9 | 1,200 | Bitola (Manastır) |
| Abdullah Hilmi Efendi | 1883 to 1892 | 9 | 1,200 | Bitola (Manastır) |
| Ali Şefik Efendi | 1883 to 1892 | 9 | 1,200 | Skopje (Üsküp) |
| Bekir Efendi | 1888 to 1897 | 9 | 1,080 to 1,200 | Kirkuk (Kerkük) |
| Esad Efendi | 1900 to 1909 | 9 | 1,080 to 1,500 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Şefik Efendi | 1889 to 1898 | 9 | 1,080 to 1,200 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Mehmet Emin Efendi | 1894 to 1907 | 8 | 1,080 to 1,580 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Yusuf Ziya Efendi | 1901 to 1909 | 8 | 1,080 to 1,200 | Sivas |
| Hacı Mehmet Reşit Efendi | 1888 to 1895 | 7 | 1,200 | Baghdad (Bağdat) |
| Hasan Hüsnü Efendi | 1883 to 1890 | 7 | 1,000 to 1,200 | Trabzon |
Show the other 66 officials
| Official | Years | Annual entries | Kuruş a month | Birthplace |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mehmet Cemalettin Efendi | 1885 to 1892 | 7 | 1,200 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Mustafa İzzet Bey | 1892 to 1903 | 7 | 1,200 to 1,800 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Ömer Hilmi Efendi | 1873 to 1879 | 7 | 1,450 | Kemaliye (Eğin) |
| Ömer Hilmi Efendi | 1873 to 1879 | 7 | 1,450 | Ekin |
| Süleyman Doryan Efendi | 1892 to 1904 | 7 | 1,000 to 1,200 | Mosul (Musul) |
| Asaf Bey | 1868 to 1874 | 6 | 2,500 to 2,900 | Plovdiv (Filibe) |
| Bekir Efendi | 1867 to 1873 | 6 | 2,000 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Fahri Efendi | 1898 to 1904 | 6 | 1,000 | Niš (Niş) |
| İbrahim Ethem Efendi | 1902 to 1908 | 6 | 900 | Sivas |
| İbrahim Ethem Efendi | 1896 to 1902 | 6 | 1,080 | Edirne |
| İbrahim Ethem Efendi | 1887 to 1893 | 6 | 1,200 to 1,500 | Plovdiv (Filibe) |
| İbrahim Vehbi Efendi | 1899 to 1905 | 6 | 1,080 to 1,480 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| İsmail Hakkı Efendi | 1894 to 1900 | 6 | 1,080 to 1,200 | Erzurum |
| Osman Efendi | 1887 to 1893 | 6 | 1,200 to 1,350 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Osman Nuri Efendi | 1886 to 1892 | 6 | 1,200 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Abdülkerim Efendi | 1866 to 1876 | 5 | 1,600 to 3,000 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Hasan Sani Efendi | 1902 to 1907 | 5 | 1,080 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| İbrahim Ethem Efendi | 1882 to 1887 | 5 | 1,200 | Erzurum |
| İzzet Efendi | 1902 to 1907 | 5 | 1,200 | Niğde |
| Abdüllatif Efendi | 1889 to 1893 | 4 | 1,200 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Emil Efendi | 1871 to 1875 | 4 | 1,900 | Aleppo (Halep) |
| Hacı Mehmet Tevfik Efendi | 1891 to 1895 | 4 | 1,200 | Karadeniz Ereğli |
| Kadri Efendi | 1869 to 1873 | 4 | 2,000 to 2,300 | Sivas |
| Mehmet Efendi | 1904 to 1908 | 4 | 1,200 | Aleppo (Halep) |
| Mustafa Efendi | 1869 to 1873 | 4 | 2,000 to 2,350 | Sivas |
| Ömer Zihni Efendi | 1903 to 1907 | 4 | 1,080 | Larissa (Yenişehir-i Fener) |
| Hüsnü Efendi | 1869 to 1872 | 3 | 2,000 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| İbrahim Ethem Efendi | 1899 to 1902 | 3 | 1,200 | Larissa (Yenişehir-i Fener) |
| Mehmet Ali Bey | 1895 to 1898 | 3 | 2,115 to 2,350 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Mehmet Şevki Efendi | 1882 to 1885 | 3 | 1,200 | Arapgir |
| Mehmet Talat Efendi | 1875 to 1878 | 3 | 1,500 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Mühtedi Mehmed Fehim Efendi | 1900 to 1903 | 3 | 1,500 | Ankara |
| Ahmet Raif Efendi | 1885 to 1887 | 2 | 1,200 | Trabzon |
| Hafız Hilmi Efendi | 1899 to 1901 | 2 | 1,500 | Cerkezistan |
| Hafiz İbrahim Nefʻî Efendi | 1903 to 1905 | 2 | 1,080 | Veliko Tarnovo (Tırnova) |
| Hüseyin Hüsnü Efendi | 1905 to 1907 | 2 | 2,300 | Trabzon |
| İsmail Rahmi Efendi | 1892 to 1894 | 2 | 1,200 | Bitola (Manastır) |
| Mehmed Şefik Efendi | 1874 to 1876 | 2 | 1,500 | Sivas |
| Mehmet Asaf Efendi | 1904 to 1906 | 2 | 1,200 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Mehmet Tahir Efendi | 1882 to 1884 | 2 | 1,200 | Yozgat |
| Osman Nureddin Efendi | 1873 to 1875 | 2 | 1,900 to 2,000 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Süleyman Fevzi Efendi | 1870 to 1872 | 2 | 1,900 | Gelibolu |
| Antonoviç Efendi | 1866/67 | 1 | 2,500 | Lehistan |
| Cemil Efendi | 1905/06 | 1 | 1,500 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Corci Efendi | 1894/95 | 1 | 1,100 | Beirut (Beyrut) |
| Emin Kami Efendi | 1883/84 | 1 | 1,200 | Eskizagra |
| Fethullah Nuri Efendi | 1900/01 | 1 | 1,080 | Savur |
| Galyar İskender Efendi | 1871/72 | 1 | 2,000 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Hamdi Efendi | 1908/09 | 1 | 1,200 | Kars |
| Hasan Şevket Efendi | 1904/05 | 1 | 1,500 | Vidin |
| Hızır Abbas Efendi | 1893/94 | 1 | 1,200 | Beirut (Beyrut) |
| İbrahim Kâmil Efendi | 1870/71 | 1 | 1,800 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| İsmail Hakkı Efendi | 1906/07 | 1 | 1,080 | Omurtag (Osmanpazarı) |
| İsmail Zühdü Bey | 1871/72 | 1 | 1,900 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Jul Lekaye Efendi | 1867/68 | 1 | 2,500 | Fransa |
| Madilli Efendi | 1870/71 | 1 | 3,500 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Mehmet Arif Efendi | 1904/05 | 1 | 1,200 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Mehmet Aziz Efendi | 1904/05 | 1 | 1,500 | Sidon (Sayda) |
| Mehmet İhsan Efendi | 1900/01 | 1 | 1,080 | Giresun |
| Mehmet Talat Bey | 1903/04 | 1 | 1,200 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Muharrem Vehbi Efendi | 1892/93 | 1 | 1,200 | Debar (Debre) |
| Mustafa Ziver Efendi | 1907/08 | 1 | 1,080 | Stara Zagora (Eski Zağra) |
| Ömer Tahir Efendi | 1869/70 | 1 | 2,000 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Osman Nuri Efendi | 1895/96 | 1 | 1,200 | Arapgir |
| Unnamed official (0087_0142, sayfa no:281.) | 1902 to 1904 | 2 | 1,200 | Vize |
| Unnamed official (0002_0176; 350) | 1872/73 | 1 | 1,900 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
Years run from the first to the last annual entry. An official without a recorded name is listed after the named officials.
How to read these records: years and calendars, what first recorded means, gaps between annual entries, and salaries.
Subjects
- Assistant inspector (Müfettiş Muavini)
- Ottoman job titles (Osmanlı memuriyet unvanları)
- Labour history (emek tarihi)
- Salaries of officials (memur maaşları)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)