Skip to content
Ottoman BureaucracyPeople, places and careers in Ottoman public service

Official

Akif Efendi

Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Baghdad (Bağdat) in 1854/55 (AH 1271). On record 1871 to 1882, 10 annual entries.

Archive reference 26_237; 469

Life

Akif Efendi was born in Baghdad (Bağdat) in 1854/55 (AH 1271). The record gives the community as Muslim (Müslüman), the nationality as Turkish and the father's occupation as Naib.

Schooling recorded: Sıbyan Mektebi, with 4 years of schooling recorded. The record marks no qualification (diploma, certificate, training or decoration). Languages recorded, with the skill words of the record: Arabic, with Tekellum; Persian, with Tekellum; Turkish, with Kitabet.

First work is recorded in Baghdad in 1867/68 (AH 1284): Tahrirat Kalemi. The official was then about 13 years old. The record gives 4 years of unpaid apprenticeship (mülazemet) before the first salary. The first-salary field gives 200 kuruş a month. At the first annual entry, in 1871/72, the official was about 16 years old.

The first annual entry, for 1871/72, shows Muhabere Memuru in Baghdad, with 200 kuruş a month. In 1877/78 the record shows 2. Müdür in Babuka, the salary going from 400 to 800 kuruş a month (before: Muhabere Memuru in Baghdad). In 1881/82 the record shows Aşar Memuru, the salary going from 800 to 1,200 kuruş a month (before: 2. Müdür in Babuka). No annual entry is recorded for 1879 to 1881.

The highest salary, 1,200 kuruş a month, is first recorded in 1881/82 as Aşar Memuru. 86 per cent of the other officials with a recorded salary that year earned less. The median salary of all officials that year was 500 kuruş. Over 10 years with a salary the median is 370 kuruş a month, with 4 rises and no cuts. The largest rise, 400 kuruş, is seen in 1877/78. From the first salary to the last the salary grew by 17.69 per cent a year on average.

Record

Personal

Born
1854/55 (AH 1271)
Community
Muslim (Müslüman)
Nationality as recorded
Turkish
Father's occupation
Naib

Education

Primary
Sıbyan Mektebi (4 years)school for young children (primary school)
Unpaid years (mülazemet)
4 years
Preparation route (classification of the paper)
Low
Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.

The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.

Languages

Arabic
Tekellumspeaking
Persian
Tekellumspeaking
Turkish
Kitabetwriting

The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.

First work

Year
1867/68 (AH 1284)
First job as worded
Tahrirat Kalemi
Age at first work (workbook field)
14
First salary field (kuruş a month)
200
First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month)
200

Career

Career of Akif Efendi, one row per stage
YearsTitlePlaceSalary (kuruş a month)
1867/68AH 1284Tahrirat Kalemifirst workBaghdad (Bağdat)200first-salary field
1871 to 1877AH 1288 to 1293Muhabere Memuru
6 entries
YearSalary
1871/72200
1872/73340
1873/74340
1874/75340
1875/76340
1876/77400
Baghdad (Bağdat)200 to 400
1877 to 1879AH 1294 to 12962. Müdür
3 entries
YearSalary
1877/78800
1878800
1878/79800
Babuka800
No annual entry: 1879 to 1881 (AH 1297 to 1298)
1881/82AH 1299Aşar Memuru
Finance (Maliye)
1,200
Monthly salary, kuruş
no entry05001,0001,5001871/72AH 12881873/74AH 12901875/76AH 12921877/78AH 12941878/79AH 12961880/81AH 12981,200 kuruşEntry of another institution
Salary against the medians of the same year
2005001,0002,0001871/72AH 12881873/74AH 12901875/76AH 12921877/78AH 12941878/79AH 12961880/81AH 1298This officialMedian, all officialsMedian, same title

Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.

The numbers of the chart
Salary of Akif Efendi against the medians of the same year, kuruş a month
YearSalaryMedian, all officialsMedian, same titlePaid less
1871/722005504006%
1872/7334055040015%
1873/7434050040016%
1874/7534053545016%
1875/7634053040017%
1876/77400582.541017%
1877/7880056080068%
187880060080065%
1878/7980060080066%
1881/821,20050063586%

Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.

Placesbornfirst workannual entries
BaghdadBabuka

Choose a row to mark its years in the charts and its place on the map.

Recorded with

Recorded in the same place in the same years

26 officials in all. Officials recorded in Baghdad (Bağdat)

Same school recorded

744 officials in all. Officials with Sıbyan Mektebi recorded

Same birthplace

72 officials in all. Officials born in Baghdad (Bağdat)

Full record

Annual entries (10)

Annual entries of Akif Efendi
YearTitlePlaceKuruş a monthInstitutionSourceArchive reference
1871/72AH 1288Muhabere MemuruBaghdad (Bağdat)200Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract26_237; 469
1872/73AH 1289Muhabere MemuruBaghdad (Bağdat)340Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract26_237; 469
1873/74AH 1290Muhabere MemuruBaghdad (Bağdat)340Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract26_237; 469
1874/75AH 1291Muhabere MemuruBaghdad (Bağdat)340Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract26_237; 469
1875/76AH 1292Muhabere MemuruBaghdad (Bağdat)340Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract26_237; 469
1876/77AH 1293Muhabere MemuruBaghdad (Bağdat)400Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract26_237; 469
1877/78AH 12942. MüdürBabuka800Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract26_237; 469
1878AH 12952. MüdürBabuka800Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract26_237; 469
1878/79AH 12962. MüdürBabuka800Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract26_237; 469
1881/82AH 1299Aşar MemuruHayy1,200Finance (Maliye)Cross-ministry personnel workbook26_237; 469
What the sources named in this table are
Cross-ministry personnel workbook
A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
Recovered annual personnel extract
The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.

Sources and original values (23)

Recorded values of Akif Efendi with their sources
FieldRecorded valueSource
Identity
NameAkif EfendiPersonnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Linked personnel workbook
Birth year (AH)1271Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
BirthplacebagdatRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Birthplace: district (kaza)BagdatCross-ministry personnel workbook
Birthplace: sancakBagdatCross-ministry personnel workbook
Birthplace: province (vilayet)BagdatCross-ministry personnel workbook
Province of birthbagdatRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Father's occupationNaibRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
ReligionMuslumanRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Nationality or communityTurkishRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Schooling
SchoolSibyan mektebiRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Years of schooling4Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet)4Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
First work
First work: year (AH)1284Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Linked personnel workbook
First work: Gregorian year as stored1867Recovered annual personnel extract
First work: placeBagdatRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
First work: district (kaza)BagdatCross-ministry personnel workbook
First work: sancakBagdatCross-ministry personnel workbook
First work: province (vilayet)BagdatCross-ministry personnel workbook
First job as wordedTahrirat KalemiLinked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Age at first work (workbook field)14Cross-ministry personnel workbook
First salary field (kuruş a month)200Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month)200Linked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
What the sources named in this table are
Cross-ministry personnel workbook
A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
Earlier annual personnel extract
The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
Recovered annual personnel extract
The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Personnel attributes extract
The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
Linked personnel workbook
The original personnel workbook, from which selected fields on background and first work are taken.
  • Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
  • 9 annual entries of 10 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.

How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.