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Ottoman BureaucracyPeople, places and careers in Ottoman public service

Official

Mehmet Besim Efendi

Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Istanbul (Dersaadet) in 1862/63 (AH 1279). On record 1877 to 1911, 33 annual entries.

Archive reference 0006_0289; 573

Life

Mehmet Besim Efendi was born in Istanbul in 1862/63 (AH 1279). The record gives the community as Muslim (Müslüman), the nationality as Turkish and the father's occupation as Kaymakam.

Schooling recorded: Rüşdiye Mektebi, with 7 years of schooling recorded, at a place worded Prizren. The record marks a qualification: a diploma, certificate, training or decoration (nişan). Languages recorded, with the skill words of the record: Turkish, with Kitabet.

First work is recorded in Prizren in 1875/76 (AH 1292): Tahrirat Kalemi. The official was then about 13 years old. The record gives 2 years of unpaid apprenticeship (mülazemet) before the first salary. The first-salary field gives 500 kuruş a month. At the first annual entry, in 1877/78, the official was about 15 years old.

The first annual entry, for 1877/78, shows Aşar Memuru in Prizren, with 500 kuruş a month. In 1880/81 the record shows Evrak Kalemi in Prizren, the salary going from 500 to 200 kuruş a month (before: Aşar Memuru in Prizren). In 1882/83 the record shows Rusumat Baskitabeti in Yemen, the salary going from 200 to 1,200 kuruş a month (before: Evrak Kalemi in Prizren). In 1883/84 the record shows Rusumat Tahrirat Kalemi in Trabzon, the salary going from 1,200 to 750 kuruş a month (before: Rusumat Baskitabeti in Yemen). In 1889/90 the record shows Mümeyyiz in Trabzon, with 800 kuruş a month (before: Rusumat Tahrirat Kalemi in Trabzon). In 1894/95 the record shows Rusumat Kalem Muduru in Trabzon, with 1,600 kuruş a month (before: Mümeyyiz in Trabzon). In 1907/08 the record shows Rusumat Meclis Azasi in Istanbul, the salary going from 2,900 to 5,000 kuruş a month (before: Rusumat Kalem Muduru in Trabzon). In 1910/11 the record shows Başmüdür in Yemen, the salary going from 4,000 to 5,000 kuruş a month (before: Rusumat Meclis Azasi in Istanbul). In 1911 the record shows Başmüdür in Trabzon, the salary going from 5,000 to 4,000 kuruş a month (before: Başmüdür in Yemen). No annual entry is recorded for 1878 to 1880.

The highest salary, 5,000 kuruş a month, is first recorded in 1907/08 as Rusumat Meclis Azasi. 99 per cent of the other officials with a recorded salary that year earned less. The median salary of all officials that year was 300 kuruş. Over 33 years with a salary the median is 1,890 kuruş a month, with 13 rises and 5 cuts. The largest rise, 2,100 kuruş, is seen in 1907/08. From the first salary to the last the salary grew by 6.12 per cent a year on average. The last salary is recorded in 1911, when 95 per cent of the other officials with a recorded salary that year earned less.

Honours recorded in the cross-ministry workbook: Rank (recorded code): 2, 1; Mecidi order (recorded code): 2, 4; Osmani order (recorded code): 3. Written works, as worded in the record: "Baslica telifati yoksa da Hazine-i Evrak ile Mecmua-i Ebû Ziya ve Resail-i Edebiyye'de bazi asari matbu ve mundericdir".

Record

Personal

Born
1862/63 (AH 1279)
Community
Muslim (Müslüman)
Nationality as recorded
Turkish
Father's occupation
Kaymakam

Education

Rüşdiye
Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school); place of the school as worded: Prizren
Unpaid years (mülazemet)
2 years
Preparation route (classification of the paper)
Middle
Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
Yes

The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.

Languages

Turkish
Kitabetwriting

The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.

First work

Year
1875/76 (AH 1292)
Place
Prizren
First job as worded
Tahrirat Kalemi
Age at first work (workbook field)
13
First salary field (kuruş a month)
500
First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month)
500

Honours and ranks

Rank (recorded code)
2; 1
Mecidi order (recorded code)
2; 4
Osmani order (recorded code)
3

Works written

Written works
Baslica telifati yoksa da Hazine-i Evrak ile Mecmua-i Ebû Ziya ve Resail-i Edebiyye'de bazi asari matbu ve mundericdir.

Notes from the record

Merit and competence grade (recorded code)
1

Career

Career of Mehmet Besim Efendi, one row per stage
YearsTitlePlaceSalary (kuruş a month)
1875/76AH 1292Tahrirat Kalemifirst workPrizren500first-salary field
1877/78AH 1294Aşar Memuru
Finance (Maliye)
Prizren500
No annual entry: 1878 to 1880 (AH 1295 to 1297)
1880 to 1882AH 1298 to 1299Evrak Kalemi
Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
2 entries
YearSalary
1880/81200
1881/82200
Prizren200
1882/83AH 1300Rusumat BaskitabetiYemen1,200
1883 to 1889AH 1301 to 1306Rusumat Tahrirat Kalemi
6 entries
YearSalary
1883/84750
1884/85750
1885/86750
1886/87750
1887/88800
1888/89800
Trabzon750 to 800
1889 to 1894AH 1307 to 1311Mümeyyiz
Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
5 entries
YearSalary
1889/90800
1890/911,200
1891/921,350
1892/931,500
1893/941,600
Trabzon800 to 1,600
1894 to 1907AH 1312 to 1324Rusumat Kalem Muduru
13 entries
YearSalary
1894/951,600
1895/962,200
1896/971,890
1897/981,890
1898/991,890
1899/19002,000
1900/012,300
1901/022,300
1902/032,300
1903/042,300
1904/052,300
1905/062,600
1906/072,900
Trabzon1,600 to 2,900
1907 to 1910AH 1325 to 1327Rusumat Meclis Azasi
3 entries
YearSalary
1907/085,000
1908/095,000
1909/104,000
Istanbul (Dersaadet)5,000 to 4,000
1910/11AH 1328Başmüdür
Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
Yemen5,000
1911AH 1329Başmüdür
Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
Trabzon4,000
Monthly salary, kuruş
no entry02,0004,0006,0001882/83AH 13001892/93AH 13101902/03AH 13205,000 kuruşEntry of another institution
Salary against the medians of the same year
2005001,0002,0005,0001882/83AH 13001892/93AH 13101902/03AH 1320This officialMedian, all officialsMedian, same title

Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.

The numbers of the chart
Salary of Mehmet Besim Efendi against the medians of the same year, kuruş a month
YearSalaryMedian, all officialsMedian, same titlePaid less
1877/7850056036%
1880/812005004105%
1881/822005004105%
1882/831,20050086%
1883/8475050072%
1884/8575050072%
1885/8675050073%
1886/8775050073%
1887/8880050076%
1888/8980050077%
1889/9080050078%
1890/911,20050089%
1891/921,3505001,30093%
1892/931,5005001,17594%
1893/941,6005001,10095%
1894/951,60050095%
1895/962,20050097%
1896/971,89050097%
1897/981,89050097%
1898/991,89050097%
1899/19002,00050097%
1900/012,30050097%
1901/022,30050097%
1902/032,30050097%
1903/042,30047597%
1904/052,30045097%
1905/062,60047598%
1906/072,90045098%
1907/085,00030099%
1908/095,00035098%
1909/104,000462.596%
1910/115,0005002,50096%
19114,0005002,50095%

Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.

Placesbornfirst workannual entries
IstanbulTrabzonPrizrenYemen

Choose a row to mark its years in the charts and its place on the map.

Recorded with

Recorded in the same place in the same years

446 officials in all. Officials recorded in Trabzon

Same school recorded

3,199 officials in all. Officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi recorded

Same birthplace

1,998 officials in all. Officials born in Istanbul (Dersaadet)

Full record

Annual entries (33)

Annual entries of Mehmet Besim Efendi
YearTitlePlaceKuruş a monthInstitutionSourceArchive reference
1877/78AH 1294Aşar MemuruPrizren500Finance (Maliye)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1880/81AH 1298Evrak KalemiPrizren200Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0006_0289; 573
1881/82AH 1299Evrak KalemiPrizren200Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0006_0289; 573
1882/83AH 1300Rusumat BaskitabetiYemen1,200Customs (Gümrük)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1883/84AH 1301Rusumat Tahrirat KalemiTrabzon750Customs (Gümrük)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1884/85AH 1302Rusumat Tahrirat KalemiTrabzon750Customs (Gümrük)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1885/86AH 1303Rusumat Tahrirat KalemiTrabzon750Customs (Gümrük)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1886/87AH 1304Rusumat Tahrirat KalemiTrabzon750Customs (Gümrük)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1887/88AH 1305Rusumat Tahrirat KalemiTrabzon800Customs (Gümrük)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1888/89AH 1306Rusumat Tahrirat KalemiTrabzon800Customs (Gümrük)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1889/90AH 1307MümeyyizTrabzon800Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0006_0289; 573
1890/91AH 1308MümeyyizTrabzon1,200Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0006_0289; 573
1891/92AH 1309MümeyyizTrabzon1,350Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0006_0289; 573
1892/93AH 1310MümeyyizTrabzon1,500Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0006_0289; 573
1893/94AH 1311MümeyyizTrabzon1,600Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0006_0289; 573
1894/95AH 1312Rusumat Kalem MuduruTrabzon1,600Customs (Gümrük)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1895/96AH 1313Rusumat Kalem MuduruTrabzon2,200Customs (Gümrük)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1896/97AH 1314Rusumat Kalem MuduruTrabzon1,890Customs (Gümrük)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1897/98AH 1315Rusumat Kalem MuduruTrabzon1,890Customs (Gümrük)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1898/99AH 1316Rusumat Kalem MuduruTrabzon1,890Customs (Gümrük)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1899/1900AH 1317Rusumat Kalem MuduruTrabzon2,000Customs (Gümrük)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1900/01AH 1318Rusumat Kalem MuduruTrabzon2,300Customs (Gümrük)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1901/02AH 1319Rusumat Kalem MuduruTrabzon2,300Customs (Gümrük)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1902/03AH 1320Rusumat Kalem MuduruTrabzon2,300Customs (Gümrük)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1903/04AH 1321Rusumat Kalem MuduruTrabzon2,300Customs (Gümrük)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1904/05AH 1322Rusumat Kalem MuduruTrabzon2,300Customs (Gümrük)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1905/06AH 1323Rusumat Kalem MuduruTrabzon2,600Customs (Gümrük)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1906/07AH 1324Rusumat Kalem MuduruTrabzon2,900Customs (Gümrük)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1907/08AH 1325Rusumat Meclis AzasiIstanbul (Dersaadet)5,000Customs (Gümrük)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1908/09AH 1326Rusumat Meclis AzasiIstanbul (Dersaadet)5,000Customs (Gümrük)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1909/10AH 1327Rusumat Meclis AzasiIstanbul (Dersaadet)4,000Customs (Gümrük)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0006_0289; 573
1910/11AH 1328BaşmüdürYemen5,000Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0006_0289; 573
1911AH 1329BaşmüdürTrabzon4,000Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0006_0289; 573
What the sources named in this table are
Cross-ministry personnel workbook
A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
Recovered annual personnel extract
The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.

Sources and original values (33)

Recorded values of Mehmet Besim Efendi with their sources
FieldRecorded valueSource
Identity
NameMehmet Besim EfendiLinked personnel workbook
Birth year (AH)1279Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Birthplacedersaadet used on this pageRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Birthplaceistanbul other valueCross-ministry personnel workbook
Birthplace: district (kaza)istanbulCross-ministry personnel workbook
Birthplace: sancakistanbulCross-ministry personnel workbook
Birthplace: province (vilayet)istanbulCross-ministry personnel workbook
Province of birthdersaadetRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Father's occupationkaymakamRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
ReligionmuslumanRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Nationality or communityTurkishRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Schooling
SchoolRusdiye MektebiRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Place of the schoolPrizrenCross-ministry personnel workbook
Years of schooling7Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet)2 used on this pageRecovered annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet)0 other valueRecovered annual personnel extract
First work
First work: year (AH)1292Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Linked personnel workbook
First work: Gregorian year as stored1875Recovered annual personnel extract
First work: placeprizrenRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
First work: district (kaza)PrizrenCross-ministry personnel workbook
First work: sancakPrizrenCross-ministry personnel workbook
First work: province (vilayet)kosovaCross-ministry personnel workbook
First job as wordedTahrirat KalemiLinked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Age at first work (workbook field)13Cross-ministry personnel workbook
First salary field (kuruş a month)500Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month)500Linked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Honours
Rank (recorded code)2 used on this pageCross-ministry personnel workbook
Rank (recorded code)1 other valueCross-ministry personnel workbook
Mecidi order (recorded code)2 used on this pageCross-ministry personnel workbook
Mecidi order (recorded code)4 other valueCross-ministry personnel workbook
Osmani order (recorded code)3Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Other recorded values
Merit and competence grade (recorded code)1Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Written worksBaslica telifati yoksa da Hazine-i Evrak ile Mecmua-i Ebû Ziya ve Resail-i Edebiyye'de bazi asari matbu ve mundericdir.Cross-ministry personnel workbook
What the sources named in this table are
Cross-ministry personnel workbook
A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
Earlier annual personnel extract
The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
Recovered annual personnel extract
The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Personnel attributes extract
The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
Linked personnel workbook
The original personnel workbook, from which selected fields on background and first work are taken.
  • The sources give more than one value for a marked field. Every value is listed.
  • Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
  • 7 annual entries of 33 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.

How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.