Official
Jak Efendi
Jewish (Musevi). Born in Sidon in 1867/68 (AH 1284). On record 1886 to 1894, 8 annual entries. Death recorded 1894/95.
Archive reference 58- 143;279
Life#
Born in Sidon in 1867/68 (AH 1284), Jak Efendi came from the Jewish (Musevi) community. Jak had four years of schooling, at a school for young children (Sıbyan Mektebi), and wrote French as well as Turkish.
Work began in Sidon in 1883/84, at about 16, with three unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 300 kuruş. The annual lists begin in 1886/87, with Jak as an official for foreign communications (Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti) in Galata. Next came Keşan in 1887/88. From 1888 to 1894 the annual entries place Jak in Thessaloniki (Selanik).
Pay rose from 300 kuruş a month in 1886/87 to a peak of 400 in 1887/88, as Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti in Keşan, when 27 per cent of paid officials earned less. The peak lasted a single year; the next list gives 380 kuruş. Over eight years the salaries add up to 35,760 kuruş, 74 per cent of what an official on the median salary earned. After the last annual entry, for 1893/94, the list of 1894/95 (AH 1312) gives the status word Vefat (death).
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1867/68 (AH 1284); First work 1883/84 (AH 1301)
Death recorded in the annual list of 1894/95 (AH 1312): the word Vefat, not a date of death.
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1886/87 | 300 | 500 | 500 | 11% |
| 1887/88 | 400 | 500 | 500 | 27% |
| 1888/89 | 380 | 500 | 500 | 21% |
| 1889/90 | 380 | 500 | 500 | 21% |
| 1890/91 | 380 | 500 | 500 | 22% |
| 1891/92 | 380 | 500 | 500 | 24% |
| 1892/93 | 380 | 500 | 500 | 24% |
| 1893/94 | 380 | 500 | 500 | 25% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1883/84AH 1301 | First work | Sidon | 300first-salary field |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Galata | 300 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Keşan | 400 |
| 1888 to 1894AH 1306 to 1311 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 380 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | Death recorded | ||
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1867/68 (AH 1284)
- Birthplace
- Sidon
- Community
- Jewish (Musevi)
- Nationality as recorded
- Yahudi
- Death recorded
- 1894/95 (AH 1312)the year of the annual list with the word Vefat, not a date of death
Education
- Primary
- Sıbyan Mektebi (4 years)school for young children (primary school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 3 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- French
- Kitabetwriting
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1883/84 (AH 1301)
- Place
- Sidon
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 300
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 98 officials with entries in Thessaloniki (Selanik) in the same years, Jak Efendi had the 86th highest salary.
- Ali Rıza Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 3,000 kuruş
- Esad Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Salih Vasfi Bey6 shared years; highest salary 900 kuruş
- Ali Rıza Bey6 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Berdos [Bedros] Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 211 officials with the title Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti in the same years, Jak Efendi had the 189th highest salary.
- Israti Efendi8 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Melkon Berhadar Efendi8 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Unnamed official (0049_0040; 77)8 shared years; highest salary 1,350 kuruş
- Mehmet Rıfat Efendi8 shared years; highest salary 1,250 kuruş
- Unnamed official (0067_0243; sayfa no:483.)8 shared years; highest salary 1,250 kuruş
All 605 officials with the title Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
Same school
Of the 746 officials with Sıbyan Mektebi among their schools, 745 have a recorded salary; Jak Efendi had the 617th highest salary of them.
- Ahmet Lütfi Efendiborn 1867/68 (AH 1284); highest salary 720 kuruş
- Ali İlhami Efendiborn 1867/68 (AH 1284); highest salary 500 kuruş
- İbrahim Aski Efendiborn 1867/68 (AH 1284); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Mehmet Zülfü Efendiborn 1867/68 (AH 1284); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Petri Mahir Efendiborn 1867/68 (AH 1284); highest salary 320 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 53 officials whose first annual entry is for 1886/87 (AH 1304), Jak Efendi had the 42nd highest salary.
- Macit Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Mehmet Asaf Efendifirst entry in Trabzon; highest salary 1,800 kuruş
- Mehmet Emin Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 3,500 kuruş
- Subuh Efendifirst entry in Timurtas; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Ahmet Tevfik Efendifirst entry in Beyoğlu; highest salary 780 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (8)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1886/87AH 1304 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Galata | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 143;279 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Keşan | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 143;279 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 143;279 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 143;279 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 143;279 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 143;279 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 143;279 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 143;279 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (14)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Jak Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1284 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | sidon | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | selanik | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musevi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Yahudi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Sibyan Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 3 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1301 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1884 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Sidon | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 300 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Status | ||
| Death recorded under the year (AH) | 1312 | Earlier annual personnel extract (original copy); Earlier annual personnel extract (parallel copy) |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract (original copy)
- A copy of the earlier annual personnel file, read for the title wording of each year. A death taken from it is the status word Vefat in the title field of one annual list: the year is the year of that list, not a date of death.
- Earlier annual personnel extract (parallel copy)
- A second copy of the earlier annual personnel file, read in the same way. A death taken from it is the status word Vefat in the title field of one annual list: the year is the year of that list, not a date of death. Two copies that agree are one piece of evidence, not two.
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 8 annual entries of 8 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Jak Efendi
- Post of official for foreign communications (Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti)
- Thessaloniki (Selanik)
- Sidon
- School for young children (Sıbyan Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Jewish (Musevi)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)