Official
Nikola Yunani Efendi
Greek Orthodox Christian (Rum). Born in Shkodër (İşkodra) in 1847/48 (AH 1264). On record 1863 to 1907, 45 annual entries.
Archive reference 58- 189;371
Life#
Nikola Yunani Efendi was born in Shkodër (İşkodra) in 1847/48 (AH 1264) into the Greek Orthodox Christian (Rum) community. Schooling took four years, at a community school (Millet Mektebi); Nikola Yunani also wrote French and Italian.
At about 16, in 1863/64, Nikola Yunani began work in Shkodër, paid from the start, on 560 kuruş a month. The annual lists begin in 1863/64, with Nikola Yunani as a communications official (Muhabere Memuru) in Shkodër, the birthplace, where the entries run to 1873/74. Next came Büyükdere in 1874/75. From 1875 to 1907 every annual entry places Nikola Yunani in Beyoğlu. Few careers in the lists are as long; fewer than 1 per cent of the 5,211 officials have entries spanning 45 years or more. Only 5 of the 171 officials whose entries span 40 years or more kept one title throughout.
The salary went from 560 kuruş a month in 1863/64 to 1,350 in 1905/06, the peak, as Muhabere Memuru in Beyoğlu, when 92 per cent of paid officials earned less. Over 45 years the salaries add up to 510,060 kuruş, 1.8 times what an official on the median salary earned. The final annual entry is for 1906/07.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1847/48 (AH 1264); First work 1863/64 (AH 1280); 1863 to 1874 (AH 1280 to 1290)
560 to 800 kuruş a month; entries in 11 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1863/64 | 560 | 500 | 500 | 51% |
| 1864/65 | 560 | 625 | 570 | 38% |
| 1865/66 | 560 | 650 | 576 | 36% |
| 1866/67 | 560 | 600 | 480 | 45% |
| 1867/68 | 560 | 600 | 480 | 45% |
| 1868/69 | 560 | 600 | 480 | 45% |
| 1869/70 | 560 | 600 | 400 | 46% |
| 1870/71 | 560 | 600 | 400 | 48% |
| 1871/72 | 560 | 550 | 400 | 50% |
| 1872/73 | 800 | 550 | 400 | 70% |
| 1873/74 | 800 | 500 | 400 | 70% |
| 1874/75 | 875 | 535 | 450 | 75% |
| 1875/76 | 1,000 | 530 | 400 | 78% |
| 1876/77 | 1,000 | 582.5 | 410 | 77% |
| 1877/78 | 1,000 | 560 | 410 | 79% |
| 1878 | 1,000 | 600 | 500 | 76% |
| 1878/79 | 1,100 | 600 | 420 | 83% |
| 1879/80 | 800 | 500 | 380 | 77% |
| 1880/81 | 900 | 500 | 400 | 82% |
| 1881/82 | 900 | 500 | 400 | 82% |
| 1882/83 | 900 | 500 | 400 | 81% |
| 1883/84 | 900 | 500 | 400 | 81% |
| 1884/85 | 900 | 500 | 400 | 81% |
| 1885/86 | 900 | 500 | 400 | 82% |
| 1886/87 | 900 | 500 | 400 | 83% |
| 1887/88 | 900 | 500 | 400 | 82% |
| 1888/89 | 1,050 | 500 | 400 | 87% |
| 1889/90 | 1,100 | 500 | 400 | 88% |
| 1890/91 | 1,100 | 500 | 400 | 88% |
| 1891/92 | 1,100 | 500 | 400 | 89% |
| 1892/93 | 1,150 | 500 | 400 | 90% |
| 1893/94 | 1,150 | 500 | 400 | 90% |
| 1894/95 | 1,150 | 500 | 400 | 91% |
| 1895/96 | 1,220 | 500 | 400 | 92% |
| 1896/97 | 980 | 500 | 400 | 90% |
| 1897/98 | 980 | 500 | 400 | 90% |
| 1898/99 | 980 | 500 | 400 | 89% |
| 1899/1900 | 980 | 500 | 400 | 88% |
| 1900/01 | 1,250 | 500 | 400 | 92% |
| 1901/02 | 1,250 | 500 | 400 | 92% |
| 1902/03 | 1,250 | 500 | 380 | 92% |
| 1903/04 | 1,250 | 475 | 350 | 92% |
| 1904/05 | 1,250 | 450 | 350 | 92% |
| 1905/06 | 1,350 | 475 | 330 | 92% |
| 1906/07 | 1,350 | 450 | 300 | 92% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1863/64AH 1280 | First work | Shkodër (İşkodra) | 560first-salary field |
| 1863 to 1874AH 1280 to 1290 | Muhabere Memuru | Shkodër (İşkodra) | 560 to 800 |
| 1874/75AH 1291 | Muhabere Memuru | Büyükdere | 875 |
| 1875 to 1907AH 1292 to 1324 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 1,000 to 1,350 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1847/48 (AH 1264)
- Birthplace
- Shkodër (İşkodra)
- Community
- Greek Orthodox Christian (Rum)
- Nationality as recorded
- Rum
Education
- Community school
- Millet Mektebi (4 years)community school (school of a non-Muslim community)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 0 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- French
- Kitabetwriting
- Italian
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1863/64 (AH 1280)
- Place
- Shkodër (İşkodra)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 560
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 408 officials with entries in Beyoğlu in the same years, Nikola Yunani Efendi had the 70th highest salary.
- Paskal Mıgırdıç Kazancıyan Efendi33 shared years; highest salary 2,905 kuruş
- Taşçıyan Markar Efendi33 shared years; highest salary 1,300 kuruş
- Acemyan Dikran Efendi33 shared years; highest salary 1,100 kuruş
- Jan Mıçı Efendi33 shared years; highest salary 720 kuruş
- Zenop Tangaryan Efendi33 shared years; highest salary 665 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 2,852 officials with the title Muhabere Memuru in the same years, Nikola Yunani Efendi had the 180th highest salary.
- Şarl Laze Efendi42 shared years; highest salary 1,250 kuruş
- Unnamed official (23_38; 73)42 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Ahmet Safvet Efendi39 shared years; highest salary 700 kuruş
- Hacı Mehmet Emin Efendi38 shared years; highest salary 720 kuruş
- Mehmet Halit Efendi36 shared years; highest salary 900 kuruş
Same school
Of the 263 officials with Millet Mektebi among their schools, Nikola Yunani Efendi had the 10th highest salary.
- Hazarusyan Misbak Efendiborn 1847/48 (AH 1264); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Neşet Agop Tokluyan Yakop Efendiborn 1847/48 (AH 1264); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Yusuf Yaşar Sabit Efendiborn 1847/48 (AH 1264); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Aleksan Hurşit Efendiborn 1848/49 (AH 1265); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Bezui Toma Efendiborn 1848/49 (AH 1265); highest salary 1,200 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 12 officials born in Shkodër (İşkodra), Nikola Yunani Efendi had the 2nd highest salary.
- Tayyib Hilmi Efendiborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 5,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Muzaffer Beyborn 1865/66 (AH 1282); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Mustafa Fahri Efendiborn 1865/66 (AH 1282); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Abdurrahman Faik Beyborn 1866/67 (AH 1283); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Unnamed official (0067_0250; sayfa no:498)born 1868/69 (AH 1285); highest salary 900 kuruş
The page of Shkodër (İşkodra), with the 12 officials born there
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 43 officials whose first annual entry is for 1863/64 (AH 1280), Nikola Yunani Efendi had the 18th highest salary.
- Hasan Tahsin Efendifirst entry in Shkodër (İşkodra); highest salary 3,000 kuruş
- Melkok Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 5,000 kuruş
- Mustafa Hamdi Beyfirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 1,050 kuruş
- Nesim Efendifirst entry in Trikala (Tırhala); highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Ahmed Sadık Efendifirst entry in Turhal; highest salary 1,200 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (45)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1863/64AH 1280 | Muhabere Memuru | Shkodër (İşkodra) | 560 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1864/65AH 1281 | Muhabere Memuru | Shkodër (İşkodra) | 560 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1865/66AH 1282 | Muhabere Memuru | Shkodër (İşkodra) | 560 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1866/67AH 1283 | Muhabere Memuru | Shkodër (İşkodra) | 560 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1867/68AH 1284 | Muhabere Memuru | Shkodër (İşkodra) | 560 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1868/69AH 1285 | Muhabere Memuru | Shkodër (İşkodra) | 560 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1869/70AH 1286 | Muhabere Memuru | Shkodër (İşkodra) | 560 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1870/71AH 1287 | Muhabere Memuru | Shkodër (İşkodra) | 560 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1871/72AH 1288 | Muhabere Memuru | Shkodër (İşkodra) | 560 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1872/73AH 1289 | Muhabere Memuru | Shkodër (İşkodra) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1873/74AH 1290 | Muhabere Memuru | Shkodër (İşkodra) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1874/75AH 1291 | Muhabere Memuru | Büyükdere | 875 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1875/76AH 1292 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1876/77AH 1293 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1878AH 1295 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 1,100 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1879/80AH 1297 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1880/81AH 1298 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 900 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1881/82AH 1299 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 900 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 900 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1883/84AH 1301 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 900 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 900 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 900 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 900 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 900 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 1,050 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 1,100 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 1,100 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 1,100 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 1,150 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 1,150 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 1,150 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 1,220 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 980 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 980 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 980 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 980 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 1,250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 1,250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 1,250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 1,250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 1,250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1905/06AH 1323 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 1,350 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
| 1906/07AH 1324 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 1,350 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 58- 189;371 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (13)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Nikola Yunani Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1264 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | iskodra | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | iskodra | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Hristiyan | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Rum | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Millet Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 0 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1280 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1863 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | iskodra | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 560 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 37 annual entries of 45 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Nikola Yunani Efendi
- Communications official (Muhabere Memuru)
- Beyoğlu
- Shkodër (İşkodra)
- Community school (Millet Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Greek Orthodox Christian (Rum)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)