Official
Aleksan Hurşit Efendi
Armenian Christian (Ermeni). Born in Yozgat in 1848/49 (AH 1265). On record 1871 to 1899, 29 annual entries.
Archive reference 0100_0022; 41
Life#
Aleksan Hurşit Efendi was born in Yozgat in 1848/49 (AH 1265) into the Armenian Christian (Ermeni) community; the father was a tradesman (esnaf). Schooling took four years, at a community school (Millet Mektebi). Aleksan Hurşit knew four languages, Armenian, French, Greek (Rum) and Turkish, all in writing, a number reached by fewer than 5 per cent of the 5,211 officials.
At about 19, in 1868/69, Aleksan Hurşit began work in Istanbul, with three unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 380 kuruş. The first annual entry, for 1871/72, places Aleksan Hurşit in Istanbul as a communications official (Muhabere Memuru). Aleksan Hurşit then moved to Izmir (İzmir), Rhodes (Rodos) and Manisa from 1872 to 1880, then Akhisar from 1880 to 1891, with a rise to director of the third grade (3. Müdür). Next came a return to Manisa from 1891 to 1895, with a rise to director of the second grade (2. Müdür), then Kula in 1895/96. The last posts were in Izmir again from 1896 to 1899.
The salary went from 380 kuruş a month in 1871/72 to 800 in 1891/92, the peak, as 2. Müdür in Manisa, when four in five paid officials earned less. In all, 29 years of salary come to 201,180 kuruş, 1.1 times what an official on the median salary earned in those years. The last annual entry is for 1898/99.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1848/49 (AH 1265)
First work 1868/69 (AH 1285); 1871/72 (AH 1288)
380 kuruş a month; entries in 1 year
1896 to 1899 (AH 1314 to 1316)
540 to 685 kuruş a month; entries in 3 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1871/72 | 380 | 550 | 400 | 20% |
| 1872/73 | 400 | 550 | 400 | 26% |
| 1873/74 | 440 | 500 | 400 | 35% |
| 1874/75 | 440 | 535 | 450 | 32% |
| 1875/76 | 440 | 530 | 400 | 33% |
| 1876/77 | 500 | 582.5 | 410 | 36% |
| 1877/78 | 500 | 560 | 410 | 36% |
| 1878 | 500 | 600 | 500 | 33% |
| 1878/79 | 500 | 600 | 420 | 34% |
| 1879/80 | 500 | 500 | 380 | 47% |
| 1880/81 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 60% |
| 1881/82 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 60% |
| 1882/83 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 59% |
| 1883/84 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 59% |
| 1884/85 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 59% |
| 1885/86 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 58% |
| 1886/87 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 59% |
| 1887/88 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 58% |
| 1888/89 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 58% |
| 1889/90 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 58% |
| 1890/91 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 59% |
| 1891/92 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 79% |
| 1892/93 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 80% |
| 1893/94 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 80% |
| 1894/95 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 81% |
| 1895/96 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 59% |
| 1896/97 | 540 | 500 | 212.5 | 61% |
| 1897/98 | 540 | 500 | 135 | 61% |
| 1898/99 | 685 | 500 | 170 | 80% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1868/69AH 1285 | First work | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 380first-salary field |
| 1871/72AH 1288 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 380 |
| 1872/73AH 1289 | Muhabere Memuru | Izmir (İzmir) | 400 |
| 1873 to 1875AH 1290 to 1291 | Muhabere Memuru | Rhodes (Rodos) | 440 |
| 1875 to 1880AH 1292 to 1297 | Muhabere Memuru | Manisa | 440 to 500 |
| 1880 to 1891AH 1298 to 1308 | 3. Müdür | Akhisar | 600 |
| 1891 to 1895AH 1309 to 1312 | 2. Müdür | Manisa | 800 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | 3. Müdür | Kula | 600 |
| 1896 to 1899AH 1314 to 1316 | Mersule Memuru | Izmir (İzmir) | 540 to 685 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1848/49 (AH 1265)
- Birthplace
- Yozgat
- Community
- Armenian Christian (Ermeni)
- Nationality as recorded
- Ermeni
- Father's occupation
- Esnaf
Education
- Community school
- Millet Mektebi (4 years)community school (school of a non-Muslim community)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 3 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Armenian
- Kitabetwriting
- French
- Kitabetwriting
- Greek (Rum)
- Kitabetwriting. Rum is the word of the records for Greek as spoken by the Orthodox Christians of the empire. It is kept apart from the column Greek, which the records also have
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1868/69 (AH 1285)
- Place
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 380
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 9 officials with entries in Manisa in the same years, Aleksan Hurşit Efendi had the 4th highest salary.
- Lütfi Efendi4 shared years; highest salary 500 kuruş
- Nuri Bey2 shared years; highest salary 1,250 kuruş
- Mehmet Nuri Efendi2 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Yunus Efendi2 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Unnamed official (0067_0242; sayfa no:481)2 shared years; highest salary 720 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 272 officials with the title 3. Müdür in the same years, Aleksan Hurşit Efendi had the 75th highest salary.
- Erkri Hristro Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Nebil Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Osman Rıfat Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Mehmet Raşit Efendi11 shared years; highest salary 970 kuruş
- Ahmet Nazif Efendi11 shared years; highest salary 950 kuruş
Same school
Of the 263 officials with Millet Mektebi among their schools, Aleksan Hurşit Efendi had the 36th highest salary.
- Bezui Toma Efendiborn 1848/49 (AH 1265); highest salary 1,200 kuruş
- Dimitri Atnasyadi Efendiborn 1848/49 (AH 1265); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Dorkani Efendiborn 1848/49 (AH 1265); highest salary 600 kuruş
- İlyas Raci Efendiborn 1848/49 (AH 1265); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Paskal Enveryan Efendiborn 1848/49 (AH 1265); highest salary 800 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 35 officials born in Yozgat, Aleksan Hurşit Efendi had the 7th highest salary.
- Mehmet Arif Efendiborn 1849/50 (AH 1266); highest salary 500 kuruş
- İzzet Efendiborn 1846/47 (AH 1263); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Haşim Zihni Efendiborn 1850/51 (AH 1267); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Hasan Kamil Efendiborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Zeynelabidin Şevki Efendiborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 600 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 62 officials whose first annual entry is for 1871/72 (AH 1288), Aleksan Hurşit Efendi had the 27th highest salary.
- Edvar Galyar Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Hüseyin Avni Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 1,050 kuruş
- Mehmet Ali Beyfirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 750 kuruş
- Marat Beyefendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 750 kuruş
- Abdullah Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (29)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1871/72AH 1288 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1872/73AH 1289 | Muhabere Memuru | Izmir (İzmir) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1873/74AH 1290 | Muhabere Memuru | Rhodes (Rodos) | 440 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1874/75AH 1291 | Muhabere Memuru | Rhodes (Rodos) | 440 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1875/76AH 1292 | Muhabere Memuru | Manisa | 440 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1876/77AH 1293 | Muhabere Memuru | Manisa | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Muhabere Memuru | Manisa | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1878AH 1295 | Muhabere Memuru | Manisa | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | Muhabere Memuru | Manisa | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1879/80AH 1297 | Muhabere Memuru | Manisa | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1880/81AH 1298 | 3. Müdür | Akhisar | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1881/82AH 1299 | 3. Müdür | Akhisar | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | 3. Müdür | Akhisar | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1883/84AH 1301 | 3. Müdür | Akhisar | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | 3. Müdür | Akhisar | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | 3. Müdür | Akhisar | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | 3. Müdür | Akhisar | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | 3. Müdür | Akhisar | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | 3. Müdür | Akhisar | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | 3. Müdür | Akhisar | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | 3. Müdür | Akhisar | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | 2. Müdür | Manisa | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | 2. Müdür | Manisa | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | 2. Müdür | Manisa | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | 2. Müdür | Manisa | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | 3. Müdür | Kula | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Mersule Memuru | Izmir (İzmir) | 540 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Mersule Memuru | Izmir (İzmir) | 540 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Mersule Memuru | Izmir (İzmir) | 685 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0100_0022; 41 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (14)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Aleksan Hurşit Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1265 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | yozgat | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | ankara | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | esnaf | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Hristiyan | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Ermeni | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Millet Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 3 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1285 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1868 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | istanbul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 380 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 29 annual entries of 29 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Aleksan Hurşit Efendi
- Director of the third grade (3. Müdür)
- Akhisar
- Yozgat
- Community school (Millet Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Armenian Christian (Ermeni)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)