Official
Bezui Toma Efendi
Chaldean Christian (Keldani). Born in Mosul (Musul) in 1848/49 (AH 1265). On record 1869 to 1905, 36 annual entries.
Archive reference 0062_0140; 275
Life#
Bezui Toma Efendi was born in Mosul (Musul) in 1848/49 (AH 1265) into the Chaldean Christian (Keldani) community. At about 18, in 1867/68, Bezui Toma began work in Mosul, with two unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 1,000 kuruş. The annual lists begin in 1869/70, with Bezui Toma as an official for foreign communications (Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti) in Mosul, the birthplace, where the entries run to 1871/72. Bezui Toma then moved to Baghdad (Bağdat) and Nasiriyah (Nasıriye) from 1873 to 1878, then Khanaqin (Hanikin) from 1878 to 1891. The annual lists then follow Bezui Toma to Baghdad and Basra from 1891 to 1895, with a rise to director of the first grade (1. Müdür) in 1892/93, then Doğubayazıt (Bayezid) from 1895 to 1901. The last posts were in Bitlis in 1901/02 and Basra in 1903/04 and Amarah (Amare) in 1904/05. Few officials served in as many places; fewer than 6 per cent of the 5,200 officials with a place of service did.
Pay rose from 1,000 kuruş a month in 1869/70 to a peak of 1,200 in 1892/93, as 1. Müdür in Basra, when nine in ten paid officials earned less. After 35 years the salary stood below the first, 850 kuruş against 1,000; fewer than 7 per cent of the 2,010 officials paid for 15 years or more ended as low. The last annual entry is for 1904/05.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1848/49 (AH 1265); First work 1867/68 (AH 1284); 1869 to 1872 (AH 1286 to 1288)
Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
680 to 1,000 kuruş a month; entries in 3 years
1873 to 1876 (AH 1290 to 1292)
No annual entry for 1872/73 (AH 1289) before it.
Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
750 kuruş a month; entries in 3 years
1876 to 1878 (AH 1293 to 1295)
Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
1,000 kuruş a month; entries in 3 years
1878 to 1891 (AH 1296 to 1308)
Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
850 to 1,000 kuruş a month; entries in 13 years
1895 to 1901 (AH 1313 to 1318)
900 to 1,000 kuruş a month; entries in 6 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary, and the median of the same province for the years in which at least 5 officials were paid in the province of the official's salary that year.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Median, same province | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1869/70 | 1,000 | 600 | 576 | 480 | 71% |
| 1870/71 | 1,000 | 600 | 600 | 480 | 72% |
| 1871/72 | 680 | 550 | 570 | 465 | 60% |
| 1873/74 | 750 | 500 | 570 | 700 | 63% |
| 1874/75 | 750 | 535 | 650 | 750 | 63% |
| 1875/76 | 750 | 530 | 700 | 750 | 64% |
| 1876/77 | 1,000 | 582.5 | 600 | 780 | 77% |
| 1877/78 | 1,000 | 560 | 600 | 800 | 79% |
| 1878 | 1,000 | 600 | 600 | 800 | 76% |
| 1878/79 | 1,000 | 600 | 600 | 700 | 77% |
| 1879/80 | 850 | 500 | 500 | 475 | 82% |
| 1880/81 | 850 | 500 | 500 | 475 | 82% |
| 1881/82 | 850 | 500 | 500 | 570 | 82% |
| 1882/83 | 850 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 81% |
| 1883/84 | 850 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 81% |
| 1884/85 | 850 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 81% |
| 1885/86 | 850 | 500 | 500 | 475 | 82% |
| 1886/87 | 850 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 83% |
| 1887/88 | 850 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 82% |
| 1888/89 | 850 | 500 | 500 | 487.5 | 82% |
| 1889/90 | 850 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 83% |
| 1890/91 | 850 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 83% |
| 1891/92 | 1,000 | 500 | 800 | 500 | 86% |
| 1892/93 | 1,200 | 500 | 1,200 | 600 | 90% |
| 1893/94 | 1,200 | 500 | 1,200 | 570 | 91% |
| 1894/95 | 1,200 | 500 | 1,200 | 600 | 91% |
| 1895/96 | 1,000 | 500 | 800 | 500 | 87% |
| 1896/97 | 900 | 500 | 765 | 500 | 88% |
| 1897/98 | 900 | 500 | 778.5 | 500 | 88% |
| 1898/99 | 900 | 500 | 800 | 450 | 87% |
| 1899/1900 | 900 | 500 | 783 | 450 | 85% |
| 1900/01 | 900 | 500 | 800 | 450 | 85% |
| 1901/02 | 900 | 500 | 800 | 400 | 85% |
| 1903/04 | 700 | 475 | 350 | 630 | 75% |
| 1904/05 | 850 | 450 | 800 | 506.5 | 83% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1867/68AH 1284 | First work | Mosul (Musul) | 1,000first-salary field |
| 1869 to 1872AH 1286 to 1288 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Mosul (Musul) | 1,000 to 680 |
| No annual entry: 1872/73 (AH 1289) | |||
| 1873 to 1876AH 1290 to 1292 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 750 |
| 1876 to 1878AH 1293 to 1295 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Nasiriyah (Nasıriye) | 1,000 |
| 1878 to 1891AH 1296 to 1308 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Khanaqin (Hanikin) | 1,000 to 850 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | 2. Müdür | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 1,000 |
| 1892 to 1895AH 1310 to 1312 | 1. Müdür | Basra | 1,200 |
| 1895 to 1901AH 1313 to 1318 | 2. Müdür | Doğubayazıt (Bayezid) | 1,000 to 900 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | 2. Müdür | Bitlis | 900 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | Aciga Cikarildia note on status, not a job | Vlorë (Avlonya) | |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | Muhabere Memuru | Basra | 700 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | 2. Müdür | Amarah (Amare) | 850 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1848/49 (AH 1265)
- Birthplace
- Mosul (Musul)
- Community
- Chaldean Christian (Keldani)
- Nationality as recorded
- Keldani
Education
- Community school
- Millet Mektebi (4 years)community school (school of a non-Muslim community)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 2 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- French
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1867/68 (AH 1284)
- Place
- Mosul (Musul)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 1000
Legal records
- Legal record note as worded
- Devamsızlık / Mumaileyhin memuriyet-i mezkureye gidemeyeceği tahakkuk eylemesine mebni tarih-i tayini olan mezkur bin üç yüz yirmi senesi Saferü'l-hayrının on birinden itibaren 6 Mayıs sene 1318 açıkta kaldığı; Devamsızlık
- Years (AH) with a criminal-record mark in the annual records
- 1320; 1321; 1322
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same post (job title and place), same years
Of the 2 officials who held 2. Müdür in Doğubayazıt (Bayezid) in the same years, Bezui Toma Efendi had the highest salary.
- Yorgi Servet Efendi2 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
Same place, same years
Of the 9 officials with entries in Khanaqin (Hanikin) in the same years, Bezui Toma Efendi had the 3rd highest salary.
- Lütfullah Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 540 kuruş
- Abdülbaki Efendi2 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Mehmed Emin Efendi2 shared years; highest salary 630 kuruş
- Mustafa İzzet Efendi2 shared years; highest salary 570 kuruş
- Hacı Mehmet Reşit Efendi1 shared year; highest salary 2,000 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 196 officials with the title Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti in the same years, Bezui Toma Efendi had the 33rd highest salary.
- Melkon Berhadar Efendi22 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Unnamed official (0049_0040; 77)22 shared years; highest salary 1,350 kuruş
- Jan Diraço Efendi22 shared years; highest salary 1,100 kuruş
- Armas Efendi22 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Kirkor Serpusyan Efendi22 shared years; highest salary 850 kuruş
All 605 officials with the title Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
Same school
Of the 263 officials with Millet Mektebi among their schools, Bezui Toma Efendi had the 12th highest salary.
- Aleksan Hurşit Efendiborn 1848/49 (AH 1265); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Dimitri Atnasyadi Efendiborn 1848/49 (AH 1265); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Dorkani Efendiborn 1848/49 (AH 1265); highest salary 600 kuruş
- İlyas Raci Efendiborn 1848/49 (AH 1265); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Paskal Enveryan Efendiborn 1848/49 (AH 1265); highest salary 800 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 22 officials born in Mosul (Musul), Bezui Toma Efendi had the 6th highest salary.
- Süleyman Doryan Efendiborn 1848/49 (AH 1265); highest salary 1,650 kuruş
- Mehmet Fuat Paşaborn 1847/48 (AH 1264); highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Abdülhamit Efendiborn 1850/51 (AH 1267); highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Mehmet İzzet Efendiborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Naum Salaho Efendiborn 1851/52 (AH 1268); highest salary 1,300 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 116 officials whose first annual entry is for 1869/70 (AH 1286), Bezui Toma Efendi had the 22nd highest salary.
- Ahmet Tevfik Efendifirst entry in Sofia (Sofya); highest salary 950 kuruş
- Anderya Papa Dopli Efendifirst entry in Thessaloniki (Selanik); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Dorkani Efendifirst entry in Gelibolu; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Emin Kami Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 1,200 kuruş
- Mahmud Hamdi Efendifirst entry in Gaziantep (Antep); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
All 116 officials whose first annual entry is for 1869/70 (AH 1286)
Full record
Annual entries (36)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1869/70AH 1286 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Mosul (Musul) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1870/71AH 1287 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Mosul (Musul) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1871/72AH 1288 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Mosul (Musul) | 680 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1873/74AH 1290 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 750 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1874/75AH 1291 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 750 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1875/76AH 1292 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 750 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1876/77AH 1293 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Nasiriyah (Nasıriye) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Nasiriyah (Nasıriye) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1878AH 1295 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Nasiriyah (Nasıriye) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Khanaqin (Hanikin) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1879/80AH 1297 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Khanaqin (Hanikin) | 850 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1880/81AH 1298 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Khanaqin (Hanikin) | 850 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1881/82AH 1299 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Khanaqin (Hanikin) | 850 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Khanaqin (Hanikin) | 850 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1883/84AH 1301 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Khanaqin (Hanikin) | 850 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Khanaqin (Hanikin) | 850 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Khanaqin (Hanikin) | 850 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Khanaqin (Hanikin) | 850 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Khanaqin (Hanikin) | 850 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Khanaqin (Hanikin) | 850 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Khanaqin (Hanikin) | 850 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Khanaqin (Hanikin) | 850 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | 2. Müdür | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | 1. Müdür | Basra | 1,200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | 1. Müdür | Basra | 1,200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | 1. Müdür | Basra | 1,200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | 2. Müdür | Doğubayazıt (Bayezid) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | 2. Müdür | Doğubayazıt (Bayezid) | 900 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | 2. Müdür | Doğubayazıt (Bayezid) | 900 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | 2. Müdür | Doğubayazıt (Bayezid) | 900 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | 2. Müdür | Doğubayazıt (Bayezid) | 900 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | 2. Müdür | Doğubayazıt (Bayezid) | 900 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | 2. Müdür | Bitlis | 900 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | Aciga Cikarildi | Vlorë (Avlonya) | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 | |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | Muhabere Memuru | Basra | 700 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | 2. Müdür | Amarah (Amare) | 850 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0140; 275 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (16)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Bezui Toma Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1265 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | musul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | musul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Keldani | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Keldani | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Millet Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 2 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1284 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1867 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Musul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 1000 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Legal records | ||
| Legal record note as worded | Devamsızlık / Mumaileyhin memuriyet-i mezkureye gidemeyeceği tahakkuk eylemesine mebni tarih-i tayini olan mezkur bin üç yüz yirmi senesi Saferü'l-hayrının on birinden itibaren 6 Mayıs sene 1318 açıkta kaldığı used on this page | Legal notes (earlier workbook copy); Legal notes (later workbook copy) |
| Legal record note as worded | Devamsızlık other value | Legal notes (earlier workbook copy); Legal notes (later workbook copy) |
| Years (AH) with a criminal-record mark in the annual records | 1320; 1321; 1322 | Later annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Legal notes (earlier workbook copy)
- A workbook of notes on legal records. The wording is kept as written. It may hold an accusation or an acquittal, it is not the finding of a court, and its year is the year of the record, not the date of an event.
- Legal notes (later workbook copy)
- A later copy of the workbook of notes on legal records. The same wording in both copies is one note, not two.
- Later annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2025. It marks single annual entries with a criminal-record flag and holds status words such as Vefat. For a death, the year is the year of the annual list in which the status word stands.
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- The sources give more than one value for a marked field. Every value is listed.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 34 annual entries of 36 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Bezui Toma Efendi
- Post of official for foreign communications (Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti)
- Khanaqin (Hanikin)
- Mosul (Musul)
- Community school (Millet Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Chaldean Christian (Keldani)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)