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Ottoman BureaucracyPeople, places and careers in Ottoman public service

Official

Salih Rıfat Efendi

Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Varna in 1853/54 (AH 1270). On record 1876 to 1896, 5 annual entries.

Archive reference 0068_0114; 225

Life

Salih Rıfat Efendi was born in Varna in 1853/54 (AH 1270). The record gives the community as Muslim (Müslüman), the nationality as Turkish and the father's occupation as Kaymakam.

Schooling recorded: Rüşdiye Mektebi, with 7 years of schooling recorded. The record marks no qualification (diploma, certificate, training or decoration). Languages recorded, with the skill words of the record: Turkish, with Kitabet.

First work is recorded in Varna in 1876/77 (AH 1293): Duhan Memuru. The official was then about 22 years old. The record gives no years of unpaid apprenticeship (mülazemet). The first-salary field gives 150 kuruş a month. At the first annual entry, in 1876/77, the official was about 22 years old.

The first annual entry, for 1876/77, shows Duhan Memuru in Varna, with 150 kuruş a month. In 1893/94 the record shows Kontrol Kalemi in Istanbul, the salary going from 150 to 50 kuruş a month (before: Duhan Memuru in Varna). No annual entry is recorded for 1878 to 1893.

The highest salary, 150 kuruş a month, is first recorded in 1876/77 as Duhan Memuru. 3 per cent of the other officials with a recorded salary that year earned less. The median salary of all officials that year was 582.5 kuruş. Over 5 years with a salary the median is 50 kuruş a month, with no rises and 1 cut. From the first salary to the last the salary fell by 5.34 per cent a year on average. The last salary is recorded in 1895/96, when less than 1 per cent of the other officials with a recorded salary that year earned less.

Record

Personal

Born
1853/54 (AH 1270)
Birthplace
Varna
Community
Muslim (Müslüman)
Nationality as recorded
Turkish
Father's occupation
Kaymakam

Education

Rüşdiye
Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school)
Unpaid years (mülazemet)
0 years
Preparation route (classification of the paper)
Low
Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
No

The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.

Languages

Turkish
Kitabetwriting

The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.

First work

Year
1876/77 (AH 1293)
Place
Varna
First job as worded
Duhan Memuru
Age at first work (workbook field)
23
First salary field (kuruş a month)
150
First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month)
150

Career

Career of Salih Rıfat Efendi, one row per stage
YearsTitlePlaceSalary (kuruş a month)
1876/77AH 1293Duhan Memurufirst workVarna150first-salary field
1876 to 1878AH 1293 to 1294Duhan Memuru
Public Debt Administration (Düyun-ı Umumiye)
2 entries
YearSalary
1876/77150
1877/78150
Varna150
No annual entry: 1878 to 1893 (AH 1295 to 1310)
1893 to 1896AH 1311 to 1313Kontrol Kalemi
3 entries
YearSalary
1893/9450
1894/9550
1895/9650
Istanbul (Dersaadet)50
Monthly salary, kuruş
no entry0501001501878AH 12951882/83AH 13001887/88AH 13051892/93AH 1310150 kuruşEntry of another institution
Salary against the medians of the same year
501002005001,0001878AH 12951882/83AH 13001887/88AH 13051892/93AH 1310This officialMedian, all officialsMedian, same title

Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.

The numbers of the chart
Salary of Salih Rıfat Efendi against the medians of the same year, kuruş a month
YearSalaryMedian, all officialsMedian, same titlePaid less
1876/77150582.53%
1877/781505602%
1893/94505003500%
1894/95505002500%
1895/96505001500%

Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.

Placesbornfirst workannual entries
VarnaIstanbul

Choose a row to mark its years in the charts and its place on the map.

Named in scholarly works

No link between a work and an official has been accepted. Each entry was found by fixed rules on the name and the recorded fields, and says what it rests on.

Recorded with

Recorded in the same place in the same years

657 officials in all. Officials recorded in Istanbul (Dersaadet)

Same school recorded

3,199 officials in all. Officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi recorded

Same birthplace

14 officials in all. Officials born in Varna

Full record

Annual entries (5)

Annual entries of Salih Rıfat Efendi
YearTitlePlaceKuruş a monthInstitutionSourceArchive reference
1876/77AH 1293Duhan MemuruVarna150Public Debt Administration (Düyun-ı Umumiye)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0068_0114; 225
1877/78AH 1294Duhan MemuruVarna150Public Debt Administration (Düyun-ı Umumiye)Cross-ministry personnel workbook0068_0114; 225
1893/94AH 1311Kontrol KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)50Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0068_0114; 225
1894/95AH 1312Kontrol KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)50Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0068_0114; 225
1895/96AH 1313Kontrol KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)50Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0068_0114; 225
What the sources named in this table are
Cross-ministry personnel workbook
A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
Recovered annual personnel extract
The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.

Sources and original values (23)

Recorded values of Salih Rıfat Efendi with their sources
FieldRecorded valueSource
Identity
NameSalih Rıfat EfendiPersonnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Linked personnel workbook
Birth year (AH)1270Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
BirthplacevarnaRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Birthplace: district (kaza)VarnaCross-ministry personnel workbook
Birthplace: sancakVarnaCross-ministry personnel workbook
Birthplace: province (vilayet)TunaCross-ministry personnel workbook
Province of birthtunaRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Father's occupationKaymakamRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
ReligionMuslumanRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Nationality or communityTurkishRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Schooling
SchoolRusdiye MektebiRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Years of schooling7Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet)0Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
First work
First work: year (AH)1293Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Linked personnel workbook
First work: Gregorian year as stored1876Recovered annual personnel extract
First work: placeVarnaRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
First work: district (kaza)VarnaCross-ministry personnel workbook
First work: sancakVarnaCross-ministry personnel workbook
First work: province (vilayet)tunaCross-ministry personnel workbook
First job as wordedDuhan MemuruLinked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
Age at first work (workbook field)23Cross-ministry personnel workbook
First salary field (kuruş a month)150Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month)150Linked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook
What the sources named in this table are
Cross-ministry personnel workbook
A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
Earlier annual personnel extract
The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
Recovered annual personnel extract
The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Personnel attributes extract
The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
Linked personnel workbook
The original personnel workbook, from which selected fields on background and first work are taken.
  • Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
  • 3 annual entries of 5 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.

How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.