School
Medrese
Medrese (Islamic college)
Group of schools: Religious school (medrese)
Stored spellings: medrese; Medrese
16 officials have Medrese recorded as school. The annual entries of these officials, 377 in all, run from 1855 to 1910 (AH 1272 to 1327). The median of the 367 recorded monthly salaries is 910 kuruş, against 500 kuruş for the whole collection in the same years. The median entry paid 1.6 times the collection median of its year. On average an official was paid more than 71 per cent of the other officials with a salary in the same year. The median number of unpaid years before the first salary is 0, and 38 per cent of the officials had at least one. The median first salary is 350 kuruş and the median highest salary 1,225 kuruş. The job titles held by most of them were Muhabere Memuru (7), 2. Müdür (3) and Defter-i Hakani Kalemi (3). The place with the largest number of officials is Istanbul, with 5.
- Officials
- 16
- Years on recordAH 1272 to 1327, 56 years with an entry
- 1855 to 1910
- Median monthly salary1.6× the collection median of the same years (500 kuruş)
- 910 kuruş
- Places with officials
- 60
What the school was
The medrese, the college of Islamic learning. A medrese was a pious foundation (vakıf); its teacher (müderris) ran it, taught and kept the record of the lessons; in the nineteenth century the medreses passed under the office of the şeyhülislam (meşihat).
History
A list of 1869 counts 166 active medreses in Istanbul.
Sources
- İpşirli, Mehmet (2003). Medrese (Osmanlı dönemi). TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, vol. 28, 327-333. Online copy (read 14 October 2026).Pages or part: 327-333. Used for: summary, history.
Schooling, first pay and careers
What the records say about the 16 officials with this school.
- Years of schooling recorded
- 4.0 yearsmean 4.0; 16 officials with years; all schooling up to this school, not the years spent in it
- Unpaid years before the first salary
- 0 yearsmedian (mülazemet) of 13 officials; 38% had one or more
- First salary in the personnel record
- 350 kuruşmedian of 14 officials, monthly
- First salary in the annual lists
- 400 kuruşmedian of the first year with a salary, 16 officials
- Highest salary reached
- 1,225 kuruşmedian of 16 officials, monthly
- Years with an annual entry
- 27 yearsmedian of the whole careers; a quarter have 31.75 or more
From the first work in the personnel record to the first year with a salary in the annual lists took a median of 0 years (15 officials). The figure is too high for officials who began before about 1868 (AH 1285), when the annual lists are thin: the years before their first listed year count in it. The unpaid years above are the better measure of the wait for a salary.
The job titles they reached
Shares of the 16 officials with a job title. With two posts in the first or last year, both count.
First job title
The title of the first year with a job title.
Held by most
Held in any year of the record.
Last job title
The title of the last year with a job title.
The records give no place for this school.
Monthly salary each year
The same numbers as a table
| Year | Recorded salaries | Median | Mean | Lower quartile | Upper quartile | Median of the whole collection |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1855/56 | 1 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 450 |
| 1856/57 | 1 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 375 |
| 1857/58 | 1 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 475 |
| 1858/59 | 1 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 500 |
| 1859/60 | 1 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 500 |
| 1860/61 | 2 | 500 | 500 | 375 | 625 | 500 |
| 1861/62 | 2 | 625 | 625 | 437.5 | 812.5 | 600 |
| 1862/63 | 2 | 625 | 625 | 437.5 | 812.5 | 500 |
| 1863/64 | 3 | 1,000 | 1,083.33 | 625 | 1,500 | 500 |
| 1864/65 | 5 | 1,000 | 965.2 | 576 | 1,000 | 625 |
| 1865/66 | 6 | 875 | 991.67 | 727.5 | 1,000 | 650 |
| 1866/67 | 7 | 1,000 | 1,068.57 | 540 | 1,500 | 600 |
| 1867/68 | 8 | 1,125 | 1,611.25 | 870 | 2,125 | 600 |
| 1868/69 | 9 | 1,000 | 1,521.11 | 600 | 2,100 | 600 |
| 1869/70 | 8 | 980 | 1,488.75 | 600 | 1,462.5 | 600 |
| 1870/71 | 8 | 980 | 1,508.75 | 720 | 1,462.5 | 600 |
| 1871/72 | 7 | 1,000 | 1,510 | 835 | 1,675 | 550 |
| 1872/73 | 11 | 910 | 1,350 | 465 | 1,675 | 550 |
| 1873/74 | 10 | 835 | 1,150 | 422.5 | 1,187.5 | 500 |
| 1874/75 | 11 | 910 | 1,554.55 | 525 | 2,050 | 535 |
| 1875/76 | 10 | 880 | 1,594 | 512.5 | 2,187.5 | 530 |
| 1876/77 | 10 | 800 | 1,455 | 512.5 | 2,375 | 575 |
| 1877/78 | 11 | 650 | 1,268.18 | 525 | 1,625 | 560 |
| 1878 | 10 | 1,050 | 1,485 | 525 | 1,812.5 | 600 |
| 1878/79 | 12 | 975 | 2,000 | 575 | 1,400 | 600 |
| 1879/80 | 10 | 780 | 1,339 | 500 | 1,412.5 | 500 |
| 1880/81 | 13 | 760 | 1,309.23 | 500 | 1,600 | 500 |
| 1881/82 | 12 | 780 | 1,585.83 | 745 | 2,250 | 500 |
| 1882/83 | 11 | 800 | 1,390.91 | 730 | 1,900 | 500 |
| 1883/84 | 12 | 780 | 1,771.67 | 745 | 2,250 | 500 |
| 1884/85 | 12 | 780 | 1,798.33 | 745 | 2,250 | 500 |
| 1885/86 | 10 | 780 | 1,482 | 715 | 1,800 | 500 |
| 1886/87 | 10 | 980 | 2,127 | 715 | 3,500 | 500 |
| 1887/88 | 9 | 1,200 | 1,862.22 | 760 | 1,800 | 500 |
| 1888/89 | 9 | 1,200 | 1,862.22 | 760 | 1,800 | 500 |
| 1889/90 | 9 | 1,200 | 1,862.22 | 760 | 1,800 | 500 |
| 1890/91 | 9 | 1,200 | 2,028.89 | 760 | 3,000 | 500 |
| 1891/92 | 8 | 1,150 | 2,132.5 | 695 | 3,500 | 500 |
| 1892/93 | 8 | 1,200 | 2,163.75 | 732.5 | 3,500 | 500 |
| 1893/94 | 6 | 980 | 1,851.67 | 677.5 | 2,550 | 500 |
| 1894/95 | 7 | 1,200 | 1,580 | 705 | 1,475 | 500 |
| 1895/96 | 7 | 1,200 | 1,780 | 780 | 2,100 | 500 |
| 1896/97 | 7 | 1,080 | 1,609.14 | 702 | 1,890 | 500 |
| 1897/98 | 5 | 1,080 | 1,990 | 720 | 3,150 | 500 |
| 1898/99 | 4 | 900 | 2,075 | 665 | 2,310 | 500 |
| 1899/1900 | 4 | 960 | 2,105 | 665 | 2,400 | 500 |
| 1900/01 | 4 | 960 | 2,130 | 690 | 2,400 | 500 |
| 1901/02 | 3 | 720 | 840 | 660 | 960 | 500 |
| 1902/03 | 3 | 720 | 840 | 660 | 960 | 500 |
| 1903/04 | 3 | 720 | 990 | 685 | 1,160 | 475 |
| 1904/05 | 3 | 720 | 990 | 685 | 1,160 | 450 |
| 1905/06 | 2 | 1,125 | 1,125 | 887.5 | 1,362.5 | 475 |
| 1906/07 | 3 | 650 | 800 | 400 | 1,125 | 450 |
| 1907/08 | 2 | 875 | 875 | 512.5 | 1,237.5 | 300 |
| 1908/09 | 2 | 900 | 900 | 550 | 1,250 | 350 |
| 1909/10 | 3 | 400 | 733.33 | 350 | 950 | 462.5 |
Salaries are nominal monthly amounts in kuruş, as assigned. The thick line is the median of each year and the thin line the mean. A year with fewer than 5 recorded salaries is drawn as an open mark and is not joined to the line.
Pay against the whole collection
16 officials with a salary, each counted once in the band of the median of the official's salaries over the career. A bar runs from its number to the next; the last is 2,500 kuruş and more. Most officials (25%) are in the band 750 to 1,000 kuruş.
The same numbers as a table
| Median monthly salary, kuruş | Officials | Share | Whole collection |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 to 100 | 0 | 0% | 3% |
| 100 to 200 | 1 | 6% | 10% |
| 200 to 300 | 0 | 0% | 17% |
| 300 to 400 | 1 | 6% | 18% |
| 400 to 500 | 1 | 6% | 17% |
| 500 to 750 | 3 | 19% | 23% |
| 750 to 1,000 | 4 | 25% | 5% |
| 1,000 to 1,500 | 2 | 13% | 4% |
| 1,500 to 2,500 | 1 | 6% | 2% |
| 2,500 and more | 3 | 19% | 1% |
The median of the 367 recorded monthly salaries of this school is 910 kuruş. In the same years the whole collection paid a median of 500 kuruş. The median entry paid 1.6× the collection median of its year, and the middle half of the entries between 1.01× and 3.53×. On average an official of this school was paid more than 71% of the other paid officials of the same year.
The dot is the median, the box the middle half of the entries. Dashed lines: the collection median of the same years (1×) and the middle of the paid officials (50%).
Jobs each year
The 8 titles with most officials. A darker cell means more officials in that year.
The same numbers as a table
| Year | Muhabere Memuru | 2. Müdür | Defter-i Hakani Kalemi | Adliye Mufettisi | Bidayet Mahkemesi Muavini | Istinaf Mahkemesi Muavini | Istinaf Mahkemesi Riyaseti | Memur |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1855/56 | ||||||||
| 1856/57 | ||||||||
| 1857/58 | ||||||||
| 1858/59 | ||||||||
| 1859/60 | ||||||||
| 1860/61 | ||||||||
| 1861/62 | 1 | |||||||
| 1862/63 | 1 | |||||||
| 1863/64 | 1 | |||||||
| 1864/65 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| 1865/66 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| 1866/67 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| 1867/68 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| 1868/69 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| 1869/70 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| 1870/71 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| 1871/72 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| 1872/73 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| 1873/74 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | ||||
| 1874/75 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| 1875/76 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| 1876/77 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| 1877/78 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| 1878 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| 1878/79 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | ||||
| 1879/80 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| 1880/81 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | ||||
| 1881/82 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | ||||
| 1882/83 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | ||||
| 1883/84 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 1884/85 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 1885/86 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | ||||
| 1886/87 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 1887/88 | 1 | 2 | 2 | |||||
| 1888/89 | 1 | 2 | 2 | |||||
| 1889/90 | 1 | 2 | 2 | |||||
| 1890/91 | 1 | 2 | 2 | |||||
| 1891/92 | 1 | 2 | 1 | |||||
| 1892/93 | 1 | 2 | 1 | |||||
| 1893/94 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| 1894/95 | 1 | 2 | ||||||
| 1895/96 | 1 | 2 | 1 | |||||
| 1896/97 | 1 | 2 | 1 | |||||
| 1897/98 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| 1898/99 | 2 | 1 | ||||||
| 1899/1900 | 2 | 1 | ||||||
| 1900/01 | 2 | 1 | ||||||
| 1901/02 | 2 | |||||||
| 1902/03 | 2 | |||||||
| 1903/04 | 2 | |||||||
| 1904/05 | 2 | |||||||
| 1905/06 | 1 | |||||||
| 1906/07 | 2 | |||||||
| 1907/08 | 1 | |||||||
| 1908/09 | 1 | |||||||
| 1909/10 | 2 |
Jobs and their officials, all years
The 24 titles with most officials, of 49. Over all years an official is counted once under each title. A title with a page of its own is a link.
- Muhabere Memuru 7
- 2. Müdür 3
- Defter-i Hakani Kalemi 3
- Adliye Mufettisi 2
- Bidayet Mahkemesi Muavini 2
- Istinaf Mahkemesi Muavini 2
- Istinaf Mahkemesi Riyaseti 2
- Memur 2
- Mümeyyiz 2
- 2. Ticaret Mahkemesi Riyaseti 1
- Başmüdür Kitabeti 1
- Başmuhabere Memuru 1
- Basmuharriri 1
- Bidayet Mahkeme Azasi 1
- Bidayet Mahkeme Reisi 1
- Bidayet Mahkemesi Baskani 1
- Bidayet Mahkemesi Riyaseti 1
- Cinayet Baskitabeti 1
- DH Baskitabeti 1
- Divan Istinaf Baskitabi 1
- Divan Kitabeti 1
- Emlak Memuru 1
- Istinaf Mahkemesi Baskani 1
- İttihat Posta Memuru 1
Where its officials served
| Place | Officials | Remark |
|---|---|---|
| Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 5 | |
| Beyoğlu | 4 | |
| Aleppo (Halep) | 3 | |
| Beirut (Beyrut) | 3 | |
| Erzurum | 3 | |
| Aydın | 2 | |
| Bursa | 2 | |
| Denizli | 2 | |
| Komotini (Gümülcine) | 2 | |
| Siirt | 2 |
Who its officials were
Officials of this schoolWhole collection
Community
16 officials with it recorded.
Age at the first annual entry
16 officials with it recorded.
Province of birth
16 officials with it recorded. 4 other values not shown.
Schooling
16 officials with it recorded. An official can have several, so the shares add up to more than 100%. The groups of the schools recorded for each official.
Languages
16 officials with it recorded. An official can have several, so the shares add up to more than 100%.
Qualification
15 officials with it recorded. A diploma, certificate, training or decoration (nişan) recorded in the schooling or the work.
Source of the record
16 officials with it recorded.
Officials on record each year
The same numbers as a table
| Year | Officials on record | First recorded | Annual entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1855/56 (AH 1272) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 1856/57 (AH 1273) | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 1857/58 (AH 1274) | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 1858/59 (AH 1275) | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 1859/60 (AH 1276) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 1860/61 (AH 1277) | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 1861/62 (AH 1278) | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 1862/63 (AH 1279) | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 1863/64 (AH 1280) | 3 | 1 | 3 |
| 1864/65 (AH 1281) | 5 | 2 | 5 |
| 1865/66 (AH 1282) | 6 | 1 | 6 |
| 1866/67 (AH 1283) | 7 | 1 | 7 |
| 1867/68 (AH 1284) | 8 | 1 | 8 |
| 1868/69 (AH 1285) | 9 | 1 | 9 |
| 1869/70 (AH 1286) | 9 | 0 | 9 |
| 1870/71 (AH 1287) | 9 | 0 | 9 |
| 1871/72 (AH 1288) | 8 | 0 | 8 |
| 1872/73 (AH 1289) | 11 | 2 | 11 |
| 1873/74 (AH 1290) | 11 | 0 | 11 |
| 1874/75 (AH 1291) | 11 | 0 | 11 |
| 1875/76 (AH 1292) | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| 1876/77 (AH 1293) | 11 | 0 | 11 |
| 1877/78 (AH 1294) | 11 | 0 | 11 |
| 1878 (AH 1295) | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| 1878/79 (AH 1296) | 12 | 1 | 12 |
| 1879/80 (AH 1297) | 11 | 0 | 11 |
| 1880/81 (AH 1298) | 13 | 1 | 13 |
| 1881/82 (AH 1299) | 12 | 0 | 12 |
| 1882/83 (AH 1300) | 12 | 0 | 12 |
| 1883/84 (AH 1301) | 12 | 0 | 12 |
| 1884/85 (AH 1302) | 12 | 0 | 12 |
| 1885/86 (AH 1303) | 11 | 0 | 11 |
| 1886/87 (AH 1304) | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| 1887/88 (AH 1305) | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| 1888/89 (AH 1306) | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| 1889/90 (AH 1307) | 9 | 0 | 9 |
| 1890/91 (AH 1308) | 9 | 0 | 9 |
| 1891/92 (AH 1309) | 8 | 0 | 8 |
| 1892/93 (AH 1310) | 8 | 0 | 8 |
| 1893/94 (AH 1311) | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 1894/95 (AH 1312) | 7 | 0 | 7 |
| 1895/96 (AH 1313) | 7 | 0 | 7 |
| 1896/97 (AH 1314) | 7 | 0 | 7 |
| 1897/98 (AH 1315) | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| 1898/99 (AH 1316) | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 1899/1900 (AH 1317) | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 1900/01 (AH 1318) | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 1901/02 (AH 1319) | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 1902/03 (AH 1320) | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 1903/04 (AH 1321) | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 1904/05 (AH 1322) | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 1905/06 (AH 1323) | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 1906/07 (AH 1324) | 3 | 1 | 3 |
| 1907/08 (AH 1325) | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 1908/09 (AH 1326) | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 1909/10 (AH 1327) | 3 | 2 | 3 |
An official is counted once in a year. First recorded is the first year in which the collection has an annual entry of the official on this page. It is not a hiring date.
Places
Show the other 35 places
Ottoman officials recorded
16 officials, the one with most annual entries first.
| Official | Years | Annual entries | Main title | Kuruş a month | Birthplace |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mustafa Esir Efendi | 1872 to 1910 | 39 | Başmüdür Kitabeticlerkship of the chief director's office | 380 to 1,600 | Cebeli lubnan |
| Osman Nuri Efendi | 1859 to 1897 | 37 | Defter-i Hakani KalemiLand Registry office | 250 to 1,250 | Izmir (İzmir) |
| Muftuzade Mehmet Hilmi Efendi | 1867 to 1901 | 35 | Temyiz Mahkemesi Azasi | 2,100 to 10,000 | Kahramanmaraş (Maraş) |
| Ahmet Lutfu Efendi | 1865 to 1898 | 34 | Cinayet Baskitabeti | 400 to 3,150 | Veliko Tarnovo (Tırnova) |
| Hasan Hilmi Efendi | 1855 to 1887 | 31 | Defter-i Hakani KalemiLand Registry office | 750 to 1,000 | Larissa (Yenişehir-i Fener) |
| Mehmet Cevdet Efendi | 1878 to 1907 | 29 | Muhabere Memurucommunications official (telegraph operator) | 380 to 650 | Kemaliye (Eğin) |
| Mehmet Mazhar Efendi | 1866 to 1893 | 28 | Bidayet Mahkemesi Baskani | 2,000 to 5,000 | Şanlıurfa (Urfa) |
| Ahmet Hamdi Bey | 1868 to 1897 | 27 | Defter-i Hakani KalemiLand Registry office | 200 to 1,200 | Skopje (Üsküp) |
| Mehmet Sukru Efendi | 1863 to 1889 | 27 | Niyabet | 2,000 to 7,000 | Mardin |
| Kaysar Efendi | 1880 to 1905 | 25 | Muhabere Memurucommunications official (telegraph operator) | 320 to 800 | Lubnan |
| Mahmut Nüzhet Efendi | 1864 to 1886 | 23 | Muhabere Memurucommunications official (telegraph operator) | 480 to 800 | Diyarbakır |
| Ali Sefik Efendi | 1872 to 1891 | 20 | Bidayet Mahkemesi Muaviniassistant at a court of first instance | 100 to 1,500 | Divriği |
| Feyzi Efendi | 1864 to 1883 | 17 | 2. Müdürdirector of the second grade | 600 to 1,800 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Hüseyin Avni Efendi | 1906 to 1909 | 3 | Muhabere Memurucommunications official (telegraph operator) | 150 to 200 | Erzurum |
| Hafız Yusuf Efendi | 1909/10 | 1 | Muhabere Memurucommunications official (telegraph operator) | 300 | Boyabat |
| Tevfik Lağme Efendi | 1909/10 | 1 | Muhabere Memurucommunications official (telegraph operator) | 400 | Lubnan |
Years run from the first to the last annual entry. An official without a recorded name is listed after the named officials.
How to read these records: years and calendars, what first recorded means, gaps between annual entries, and salaries.