Official
Tevfik Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Damascus (Şam) in 1868/69 (AH 1285). On record 1896 to 1907, 11 annual entries.
Archive reference 145-218-431
Life#
Born in Damascus (Şam) in 1868/69 (AH 1285) into the Muslim (Müslüman) community, Tevfik Efendi was the child of an official (memur). Tevfik had four years of schooling, at a school for young children (Sıbyan Mektebi), and wrote Arabic as well as Turkish.
At about 28, in 1896/97, Tevfik began work in Haciya, paid from the start, on 95 kuruş a month. The annual lists begin in 1896/97, with Tevfik as a communications official (Muhabere Memuru) in Haciya, where the entries run to 1899/1900. Next came Al-Karak (Kerek) from 1900 to 1906, with a rise to postal official (Posta Memuru). The last post was in Rabak in 1906/07.
The salary went from 95 kuruş a month in 1896/97 to 500 in 1900/01, the peak, as Posta Memuru in Al-Karak, when 47 per cent of paid officials earned less. Over 11 years the salaries add up to 46,560 kuruş, 72 per cent of what an official on the median salary earned. The last annual entry is for 1906/07.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1868/69 (AH 1285)
First work 1896/97 (AH 1314); 1896 to 1900 (AH 1314 to 1317)
95 kuruş a month; entries in 4 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1896/97 | 95 | 500 | 400 | 2% |
| 1897/98 | 95 | 500 | 400 | 2% |
| 1898/99 | 95 | 500 | 400 | 2% |
| 1899/1900 | 95 | 500 | 400 | 0% |
| 1900/01 | 500 | 500 | 400 | 47% |
| 1901/02 | 500 | 500 | 400 | 49% |
| 1902/03 | 500 | 500 | 400 | 49% |
| 1903/04 | 500 | 475 | 400 | 51% |
| 1904/05 | 500 | 450 | 400 | 52% |
| 1905/06 | 500 | 475 | 400 | 50% |
| 1906/07 | 500 | 450 | 500 | 51% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1896/97AH 1314 | First work | Haciya | 95first-salary field |
| 1896 to 1900AH 1314 to 1317 | Muhabere Memuru | Haciya | 95 |
| 1900 to 1906AH 1318 to 1323 | Posta Memuru | Al-Karak (Kerek) | 500 |
| 1906/07AH 1324 | Seyyar Memur | Rabak | 500 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1868/69 (AH 1285)
- Birthplace
- Damascus (Şam)
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
- Father's occupation
- Memur
Education
- Primary
- Sıbyan Mektebi (4 years)school for young children (primary school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 0 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Arabic
- Kitabetwriting
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1896/97 (AH 1314)
- Place
- Haciya
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 95
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 2 officials with entries in Al-Karak (Kerek) in the same years, Tevfik Efendi had the lowest salary.
- Hafız Mehmet Sadık Efendi2 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 192 officials with the title Posta Memuru in the same years, Tevfik Efendi had the 66th highest salary.
- Mehmed Zülfikar Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Ruantuvan Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 750 kuruş
- Mehmet Fazıl Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 720 kuruş
- Ali Rıza Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Mehmet Eşref Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 540 kuruş
Same school
Of the 746 officials with Sıbyan Mektebi among their schools, 745 have a recorded salary; Tevfik Efendi had the 511th highest salary of them.
- Ahmet Rıfat Efendiborn 1868/69 (AH 1285); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Ahmet Şevket Efendiborn 1868/69 (AH 1285); highest salary 300 kuruş
- Hafız Ahmet Vefik Efendiborn 1868/69 (AH 1285); highest salary 340 kuruş
- Hafız Mehmet Efendiborn 1868/69 (AH 1285); highest salary 560 kuruş
- Hüseyin Efendiborn 1868/69 (AH 1285); highest salary 500 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 59 officials born in Damascus (Şam), Tevfik Efendi had the 18th highest salary.
- Mehmet Sait Efendiborn 1868/69 (AH 1285); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Salih Necati Efendiborn 1867/68 (AH 1284); highest salary 2,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Ali Efendiborn 1870/71 (AH 1287); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Mahmut Nedim Efendiborn 1865/66 (AH 1282); highest salary 1,140 kuruş
- Kadri Efendiborn 1871/72 (AH 1288); highest salary 400 kuruş
The page of Damascus (Şam), with the 59 officials born there
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 164 officials whose first annual entry is for 1896/97 (AH 1314), 163 have a recorded salary; Tevfik Efendi had the 54th highest salary of them.
- Basri Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 200 kuruş
- İbrahim Hakkı Efendifirst entry in Drama; highest salary 540 kuruş
- İsmet Efendifirst entry in Galata; highest salary 310 kuruş
- Mehmet Faik Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 350 kuruş
- Veli Efendifirst entry in Konya; highest salary 500 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (11)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Muhabere Memuru | Haciya | 95 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 145-218-431 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Muhabere Memuru | Haciya | 95 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 145-218-431 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Muhabere Memuru | Haciya | 95 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 145-218-431 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | Muhabere Memuru | Haciya | 95 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 145-218-431 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Posta Memuru | Al-Karak (Kerek) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 145-218-431 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | Posta Memuru | Al-Karak (Kerek) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 145-218-431 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | Posta Memuru | Al-Karak (Kerek) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 145-218-431 |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | Posta Memuru | Al-Karak (Kerek) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 145-218-431 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | Posta Memuru | Al-Karak (Kerek) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 145-218-431 |
| 1905/06AH 1323 | Posta Memuru | Al-Karak (Kerek) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 145-218-431 |
| 1906/07AH 1324 | Seyyar Memur | Rabak | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 145-218-431 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (14)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Tevfik Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1285 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | sam | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | suriye | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | Memur | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Sibyan Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 0 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1314 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1896 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Haciya | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 95 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 10 annual entries of 11 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Tevfik Efendi
- Postal official (Posta Memuru)
- Al-Karak (Kerek)
- Damascus (Şam)
- School for young children (Sıbyan Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)