Official
Ahmet Tevfik Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Lom in 1865/66 (AH 1282). On record 1887 to 1906, 16 annual entries.
Archive reference 0099_0039; 75
Life#
Born in Lom in 1865/66 (AH 1282), Ahmet Tevfik Efendi came from the Muslim (Müslüman) community; the father was an accountant of a sub-province (sancak muhasebecisi). At about 12, in 1877/78, Ahmet Tevfik began work in the Muhasebe Kalemi in Bihać (Bihke), with 11 unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 400 kuruş. Only 31 of the 5,142 officials with a known apprenticeship worked unpaid for 11 years or longer. Few began so young; fewer than 3 per cent of the 5,128 officials whose age at first work is known started at 12 or younger. The annual lists begin in 1887/88, with Ahmet Tevfik in the Ambar Kalemi in Nazilli. Ahmet Tevfik then moved to Aydın and Söke from 1888 to 1891, then Istanbul from 1894 to 1899. Next came Balat from 1899 to 1901, with a rise to official (Memur) in 1899/1900. The last posts were in Istanbul again from 1901 to 1906.
The salary never rose above the first in the lists, 400 kuruş a month in 1887/88, in the Ambar Kalemi in Nazilli, when 27 per cent of paid officials earned less. The peak lasted a single year; the next list gives 300 kuruş. After 16 years the salary stood below the first, 350 kuruş against 400. The final annual entry is for 1905/06.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1865/66 (AH 1282)
1894 to 1899 (AH 1312 to 1316)
No annual entry for 1891 to 1894 (AH 1309 to 1311) before it.
40 to 160 kuruş a month; entries in 5 years
1901 to 1906 (AH 1319 to 1323)
300 to 350 kuruş a month; entries in 5 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1887/88 | 400 | 500 | 27% | |
| 1888/89 | 300 | 500 | 12% | |
| 1889/90 | 300 | 500 | 14% | |
| 1890/91 | 300 | 500 | 15% | |
| 1894/95 | 40 | 500 | 325 | 0% |
| 1895/96 | 40 | 500 | 327.5 | 0% |
| 1896/97 | 140 | 500 | 300 | 5% |
| 1897/98 | 160 | 500 | 275 | 8% |
| 1898/99 | 160 | 500 | 255 | 7% |
| 1899/1900 | 300 | 500 | 400 | 18% |
| 1900/01 | 300 | 500 | 400 | 18% |
| 1901/02 | 300 | 500 | 300 | 20% |
| 1902/03 | 300 | 500 | 360 | 21% |
| 1903/04 | 300 | 475 | 362.5 | 23% |
| 1904/05 | 350 | 450 | 350 | 32% |
| 1905/06 | 350 | 475 | 310 | 32% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Muhasebe Kalemifirst work | Bihać (Bihke) | 400first-salary field |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | Ambar Kalemi | Nazilli | 400 |
| 1888 to 1890AH 1306 to 1307 | Zabit Memuru | Aydın | 300 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | Maliye Kitabeti | Söke | 300 |
| No annual entry: 1891 to 1894 (AH 1309 to 1311) | |||
| 1894 to 1899AH 1312 to 1316 | Mevrude Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 40 to 160 |
| 1899 to 1901AH 1317 to 1318 | Memur | Balat | 300 |
| 1901 to 1906AH 1319 to 1323 | Mevrude Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 300 to 350 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1865/66 (AH 1282)
- Birthplace
- Lom
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
- Father's occupation
- Sancak Muhasebecisi
Education
- Rüşdiye
- Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 11 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- No
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1877/78 (AH 1294)
- Place
- Bihać (Bihke)
- First job as worded
- Muhasebe Kalemi
- Age at first work (workbook field)
- 12
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 400
- First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month)
- 400
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 1,062 officials with entries in Istanbul in the same years, Ahmet Tevfik Efendi had the 645th highest salary.
- Salahattin Bey10 shared years; highest salary 7,800 kuruş
- Suleyman Resat Bey10 shared years; highest salary 7,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Hayri Bey10 shared years; highest salary 5,500 kuruş
- Mehmet Asaf Bey10 shared years; highest salary 5,000 kuruş
- Melkok Efendi10 shared years; highest salary 5,000 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 77 officials with the title Mevrude Memuru in the same years, Ahmet Tevfik Efendi had the 40th highest salary.
- Antuvan Kabareciyan Efendi10 shared years; highest salary 700 kuruş
- Mehmet Nuri Efendi10 shared years; highest salary 413 kuruş
- İstapan Parunaki Efendi9 shared years; highest salary 1,550 kuruş
- Ahmet Cemal Efendi9 shared years; highest salary 760 kuruş
- Mehmet Efendi9 shared years; highest salary 300 kuruş
Same school
Of the 3,206 officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi among their schools, 3,200 have a recorded salary; Ahmet Tevfik Efendi had the 1,725th highest salary of them.
- Abdulkadir Efendiborn 1865/66 (AH 1282); highest salary 750 kuruş
- Abdullah Sıtkı Efendiborn 1865/66 (AH 1282); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Abdurrahman Faik Efendiborn 1865/66 (AH 1282); highest salary 300 kuruş
- Abdurrahman Feyzi Efendiborn 1865/66 (AH 1282); highest salary 720 kuruş
- Ahmet Şefik Efendiborn 1865/66 (AH 1282); highest salary 600 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 3 officials born in Lom, Ahmet Tevfik Efendi had the 2nd highest salary.
- Mehmet Yahya Efendiborn 1871/72 (AH 1288); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Haci Hafiz İsmail Efendiborn 1827/28 (AH 1243); highest salary 3,500 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 89 officials whose first annual entry is for 1887/88 (AH 1305), Ahmet Tevfik Efendi had the 71st highest salary.
- Ahmet Şefik Efendifirst entry in Sivas; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Arif Efendifirst entry in Galata; highest salary 650 kuruş
- İbrahim Hakki Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 1,200 kuruş
- Kirkor Haçatoryan Efendifirst entry in Beyoğlu; highest salary 300 kuruş
- Mehmet Galip Efendifirst entry in Thessaloniki (Selanik); highest salary 600 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (16)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1887/88AH 1305 | Ambar Kalemi | Nazilli | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0039; 75 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | Zabit Memuru | Aydın | 300 | Justice (Adliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 0099_0039; 75 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | Zabit Memuru | Aydın | 300 | Justice (Adliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 0099_0039; 75 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | Maliye Kitabeti | Söke | 300 | Finance (Maliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 0099_0039; 75 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | Mevrude Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 40 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0039; 75 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Mevrude Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 40 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0039; 75 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Mevrude Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 140 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0039; 75 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Mevrude Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 160 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0039; 75 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Mevrude Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 160 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0039; 75 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | Memur | Balat | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0039; 75 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Memur | Balat | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0039; 75 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | Mevrude Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0039; 75 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | Mevrude Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0039; 75 |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | Mevrude Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0039; 75 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | Mevrude Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 350 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0039; 75 |
| 1905/06AH 1323 | Mevrude Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 350 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0039; 75 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Cross-ministry personnel workbook
- A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (23)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Ahmet Tevfik Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Linked personnel workbook |
| Birth year (AH) | 1282 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace | lom | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: district (kaza) | Lom | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: sancak | Vidin | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: province (vilayet) | Tuna | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Province of birth | tuna | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | sancak muhasebecisi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Rusdiye Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Years of schooling | 7 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 11 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1294 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Linked personnel workbook |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1877 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Bihke | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: district (kaza) | Bihke | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: sancak | Bihke | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: province (vilayet) | Bosna | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First job as worded | Muhasebe Kalemi | Linked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Age at first work (workbook field) | 12 | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 400 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month) | 400 | Linked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
What the sources named in this table are
- Cross-ministry personnel workbook
- A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Linked personnel workbook
- The original personnel workbook, from which selected fields on background and first work are taken.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 13 annual entries of 16 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Ahmet Tevfik Efendi
- Official for incoming items (Mevrude Memuru)
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Lom
- Rüşdiye school (Rüşdiye Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)