Official
Mahmut Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Baghdad (Bağdat) in 1842/43 (AH 1258). On record 1862 to 1873, 10 annual entries.
Archive reference 3_318;632
Life#
Mahmut Efendi was born in Baghdad (Bağdat) in 1842/43 (AH 1258). The record gives the community as Muslim (Müslüman), the nationality as Turkish and the father's occupation as Kaymakam.
Schooling recorded: Sıbyan Mektebi, with 4 years of schooling recorded. The record marks no qualification (diploma, certificate, training or decoration). Languages recorded, with the skill words of the record: Arabic, with kitabet; Persian, with tekellum; Turkish, with Kitabet.
First work is recorded in Baghdad in 1857/58 (AH 1274): Telgraf. The official was then about 16 years old. The record gives 2 years of unpaid apprenticeship (mülazemet) before the first salary. The first-salary field gives 500 kuruş a month. At the first annual entry, in 1862/63, the official was about 20 years old.
The first annual entry, for 1862/63, shows Muhabere Memuru in Baghdad, with 500 kuruş a month. In 1868/69 the record shows 2. Müdür in Al-Hindiya (Hindiye), the salary going from 960 to 1,000 kuruş a month (before: Muhabere Memuru in Baghdad). In 1869/70 the record shows 2. Müdür in Al-Sadiyah (Kızılrabat), with 1,000 kuruş a month (before: 2. Müdür in Al-Hindiya). In 1872/73 the record shows no title (before: 2. Müdür in Al-Sadiyah). No annual entry is recorded for 1871/72.
The highest salary, 1,000 kuruş a month, is first recorded in 1868/69 as 2. Müdür. 70 per cent of the other officials with a recorded salary that year earned less. The median salary of all officials that year was 600 kuruş. Over 9 years with a salary the median is 960 kuruş a month, with 2 rises and no cuts. The largest rise, 460 kuruş, is seen in 1863/64. From the first salary to the last the salary grew by 9.05 per cent a year on average. The last salary is recorded in 1870/71, when 72 per cent of the other officials with a recorded salary that year earned less.
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1842/43 (AH 1258)
- Birthplace
- Baghdad (Bağdat)
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
- Father's occupation
- Kaymakam
Education
- Primary
- Sıbyan Mektebi (4 years)school for young children (primary school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 2 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Arabic
- kitabetwriting
- Persian
- tekellumspeaking
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1857/58 (AH 1274)
- Place
- Baghdad (Bağdat)
- First job as worded
- Telgraf
- Age at first work (workbook field)
- 16
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 500
- First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month)
- 500
Legal records
- Judicial record (recorded code)
- 1
- Years (AH) with a criminal-record mark in the annual records
- 1279; 1280; 1281; 1282; 1283; 1284; 1285; 1286; 1287
Career#
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1857/58AH 1274 | Telgraffirst work | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 500first-salary field |
| 1862 to 1868AH 1279 to 1284 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 500 to 960 |
| 1868/69AH 1285 | 2. Müdür | Al-Hindiya (Hindiye) | 1,000 |
| 1869 to 1871AH 1286 to 1287 | 2. Müdür | Al-Sadiyah (Kızılrabat) | 1,000 |
| No annual entry: 1871/72 (AH 1288) | |||
| 1872/73AH 1289 | |||
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1862/63 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 34% |
| 1863/64 | 960 | 500 | 500 | 65% |
| 1864/65 | 960 | 625 | 570 | 62% |
| 1865/66 | 960 | 650 | 576 | 64% |
| 1866/67 | 960 | 600 | 480 | 66% |
| 1867/68 | 960 | 600 | 480 | 67% |
| 1868/69 | 1,000 | 600 | 1,000 | 70% |
| 1869/70 | 1,000 | 600 | 1,000 | 71% |
| 1870/71 | 1,000 | 600 | 1,000 | 72% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Choose a row to mark its years in the charts and its place on the map.
Recorded with#
Recorded in the same place in the same years
- Abdurrezzak EfendiBaghdad (Bağdat), 6 shared years
- Ahmet EfendiBaghdad (Bağdat), 6 shared years
- Osman Vafi EfendiBaghdad (Bağdat), 5 shared years
- Artin Aram EfendiBaghdad (Bağdat), 4 shared years
- Esperdiyon Diloti EfendiBaghdad (Bağdat), 4 shared years
10 officials in all. Officials recorded in Baghdad (Bağdat)
Same school recorded
- Ahmet Hilmi EfendiSıbyan Mektebi, first annual entry 1862/63 (AH 1279)
- Hacı Halil EfendiSıbyan Mektebi, first annual entry 1862/63 (AH 1279)
- Haci Lutfullah EfendiSıbyan Mektebi, first annual entry 1862/63 (AH 1279)
- Hacı Mehmet Tevfik EfendiSıbyan Mektebi, first annual entry 1862/63 (AH 1279)
- Hasan Tahsin EfendiSıbyan Mektebi, first annual entry 1862/63 (AH 1279)
744 officials in all. Officials with Sıbyan Mektebi recorded
Same birthplace
- Mühtedi Mehmet Nuri EfendiBaghdad (Bağdat), born 1844/45 (AH 1260)
- Hacı Mehmet Reşit EfendiBaghdad (Bağdat), born 1839/40 (AH 1255)
- Tavik Besim EfendiBaghdad (Bağdat), born 1845 (AH 1261)
- Abdurrezzak EfendiBaghdad (Bağdat), born 1845/46 (AH 1262)
- David Murat EfendiBaghdad (Bağdat), born 1845/46 (AH 1262)
72 officials in all. Officials born in Baghdad (Bağdat)
Full record
Annual entries (10)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1862/63AH 1279 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_318;632 |
| 1863/64AH 1280 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 960 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_318;632 |
| 1864/65AH 1281 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 960 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_318;632 |
| 1865/66AH 1282 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 960 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_318;632 |
| 1866/67AH 1283 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 960 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_318;632 |
| 1867/68AH 1284 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 960 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_318;632 |
| 1868/69AH 1285 | 2. Müdür | Al-Hindiya (Hindiye) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_318;632 |
| 1869/70AH 1286 | 2. Müdür | Al-Sadiyah (Kızılrabat) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_318;632 |
| 1870/71AH 1287 | 2. Müdür | Al-Sadiyah (Kızılrabat) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_318;632 |
| 1872/73AH 1289 | Other | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_318;632 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Cross-ministry personnel workbook
- A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (25)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Mahmut Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Linked personnel workbook |
| Birth year (AH) | 1258 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace | bagdat | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: district (kaza) | Bagdat | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: sancak | Bagdat | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: province (vilayet) | Bagdat | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Province of birth | bagdat | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | Kaymakam | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Sibyan Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Years of schooling | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 2 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1274 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Linked personnel workbook |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1858 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Bagdat | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: district (kaza) | Bagdat | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: sancak | Bagdat | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: province (vilayet) | Bagdat | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First job as worded | Telgraf | Linked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Age at first work (workbook field) | 16 | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 500 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month) | 500 | Linked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Legal records | ||
| Judicial record (recorded code) | 1 | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Years (AH) with a criminal-record mark in the annual records | 1279; 1280; 1281; 1282; 1283; 1284; 1285; 1286; 1287 | Later annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Cross-ministry personnel workbook
- A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
- Later annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2025. It marks single annual entries with a criminal-record flag and holds status words such as Vefat. For a death, the year is the year of the annual list in which the status word stands.
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Linked personnel workbook
- The original personnel workbook, from which selected fields on background and first work are taken.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 1 annual entry of 10 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.