Official
İhsan Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Istanbul (Dersaadet) in 1860/61 (AH 1277). On record 1879 to 1911, 31 annual entries.
Archive reference 8_319; 633
Life#
Born in Istanbul in 1860/61 (AH 1277), İhsan Efendi came from the Muslim (Müslüman) community; the father's occupation was "Zabita". İhsan had seven years of schooling, at a middle school (Rüşdiye Mektebi).
Work began in the Vergi Kalemi in Istanbul in 1879/80, at about 19, paid from the start, on 350 kuruş a month. The first annual entry, for 1879/80, places İhsan in Istanbul, the birthplace, in the Vergi Kitabeti, where the entries run to 1895/96. İhsan then moved to Novi Pazar (Yenipazar) from 1896 to 1901, with a rise to a post in the Land Registry office (Defter-i Hakani Kalemi), then Elazığ from 1901 to 1903. Next came Konya from 1903 to 1908. The last posts were in Sivas from 1908 to 1910 and Tripoli (Trablusgarp) in 1910/11, with a rise to DH Muduru in 1908/09. Few officials served on three continents (Africa, Asia and Europe); fewer than 2 per cent of the 5,200 officials with a place of service did.
Pay rose from 350 kuruş a month in 1879/80 to a peak of 3,000 in 1910/11, as DH Muduru in Tripoli, when 92 per cent of paid officials earned less. The final annual entry is for 1910/11. İhsan received a rank (rütbe). A note in the workbook reads in part: "Memleketin âb u havasiyla ailece imtizac olunamadigindan bahisle diger mahalle tahvilini istida ...".
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1860/61 (AH 1277); First work 1879/80 (AH 1297); 1879 to 1896 (AH 1297 to 1313)
First work as Vergi Kalemi
Vergi Kitabeti 1879 to 1883 (AH 1297 to 1300); Muhasebe Kalemi 1884 to 1896 (AH 1302 to 1313)
350 to 500 kuruş a month; entries in 16 years
No annual entry for 1883/84 (AH 1301).
1896 to 1901 (AH 1314 to 1318)
760 to 1,080 kuruş a month; entries in 5 years
1903 to 1908 (AH 1321 to 1325)
900 to 1,100 kuruş a month; entries in 5 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1879/80 | 350 | 500 | 21% | |
| 1880/81 | 375 | 500 | 21% | |
| 1881/82 | 375 | 500 | 19% | |
| 1882/83 | 375 | 500 | 18% | |
| 1884/85 | 375 | 500 | 390 | 18% |
| 1885/86 | 400 | 500 | 380 | 27% |
| 1886/87 | 400 | 500 | 400 | 27% |
| 1887/88 | 400 | 500 | 400 | 27% |
| 1888/89 | 400 | 500 | 310 | 27% |
| 1889/90 | 400 | 500 | 250 | 27% |
| 1890/91 | 400 | 500 | 272.5 | 28% |
| 1891/92 | 500 | 500 | 200 | 43% |
| 1892/93 | 500 | 500 | 182.5 | 44% |
| 1893/94 | 500 | 500 | 200 | 46% |
| 1894/95 | 500 | 500 | 250 | 46% |
| 1895/96 | 500 | 500 | 250 | 47% |
| 1896/97 | 760 | 500 | 684 | 85% |
| 1897/98 | 760 | 500 | 684 | 85% |
| 1898/99 | 760 | 500 | 684 | 84% |
| 1899/1900 | 1,080 | 500 | 684 | 90% |
| 1900/01 | 1,080 | 500 | 684 | 90% |
| 1901/02 | 684 | 500 | 684 | 75% |
| 1902/03 | 684 | 500 | 684 | 75% |
| 1903/04 | 900 | 475 | 760 | 84% |
| 1904/05 | 900 | 450 | 750 | 84% |
| 1905/06 | 900 | 475 | 765 | 83% |
| 1906/07 | 900 | 450 | 684 | 82% |
| 1907/08 | 1,100 | 300 | 88% | |
| 1908/09 | 2,000 | 350 | 90% | |
| 1909/10 | 2,000 | 462.5 | 86% | |
| 1910/11 | 3,000 | 500 | 92% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1879/80AH 1297 | Vergi Kalemifirst work | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 350first-salary field |
| 1879 to 1883AH 1297 to 1300 | Vergi Kitabeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 350 to 375 |
| No annual entry: 1883/84 (AH 1301) | |||
| 1884 to 1896AH 1302 to 1313 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 375 to 500 |
| 1896 to 1901AH 1314 to 1318 | Defter-i Hakani Kalemi | Novi Pazar (Yenipazar) | 760 to 1,080 |
| 1901 to 1903AH 1319 to 1320 | Defter-i Hakani Kalemi | Elazığ | 684 |
| 1903 to 1908AH 1321 to 1325 | Defter-i Hakani Kalemi | Konya | 900 to 1,100 |
| 1908 to 1910AH 1326 to 1327 | DH Muduru | Sivas | 2,000 |
| 1910/11AH 1328 | DH Muduru | Tripoli (Trablusgarp) | 3,000 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1860/61 (AH 1277)
- Birthplace
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
- Father's occupation
- Zabita
Education
- Rüşdiye
- Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 0 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- No
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1879/80 (AH 1297)
- Place
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- First job as worded
- Vergi Kalemi
- Age at first work (workbook field)
- 20
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 350
- First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month)
- 350
Honours and ranks
- Rank (recorded code)
- 2
Notes from the record
- Note as worded
- Memleketin âb u havasiyla ailece imtizac olunamadigindan bahisle diger mahalle tahvilini istida eden ve orada temdid-i ikameti aile efradi icin dâî-i tehlike olacagi tabib raporunda gosterilen mumaileyhin Mamuratulaziz Defter-i Hakanî Memuriyeti'ne nakli
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 956 officials with entries in Istanbul in the same years, İhsan Efendi had the 67th highest salary.
- Emil Efendi16 shared years; highest salary 9,000 kuruş
- Salahattin Bey16 shared years; highest salary 7,800 kuruş
- Suleyman Resat Bey16 shared years; highest salary 7,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Hayri Bey16 shared years; highest salary 5,500 kuruş
- Melkok Efendi16 shared years; highest salary 5,000 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 118 officials with the title Muhasebe Kalemi in the same years, İhsan Efendi had the highest salary.
- Salih Tevfik Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 2,600 kuruş
- Osman Kamil Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 2,000 kuruş
- Refet Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 1,480 kuruş
- Mehmet Tevfik Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 1,300 kuruş
- Ahmet Refik Bey12 shared years; highest salary 1,100 kuruş
Same school
Of the 3,206 officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi among their schools, 3,200 have a recorded salary; İhsan Efendi had the 32nd highest salary of them.
- Abbas Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 810 kuruş
- Abdulkerim Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 900 kuruş
- Abdullah Kemali Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 700 kuruş
- Abdullah Sevki Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 640 kuruş
- Ahmet Bican Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 450 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 1,999 officials born in Istanbul, 1,997 have a recorded salary; İhsan Efendi had the 74th highest salary of them.
- Abdullah Şemsettin Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 650 kuruş
- Ahmet Nurettin Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 150 kuruş
- Andon İzekiyan Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Andon Yaldızyan Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Antuan Teofilidi Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 600 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 60 officials whose first annual entry is for 1879/80 (AH 1297), İhsan Efendi had the highest salary.
- Mehmet Nezir Beyfirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Huseyin Husnu Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 2,000 kuruş
- Unnamed official (0006_0311; 617)first entry in Istanbul; highest salary 300 kuruş
- Mehmet Halid Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Hüseyin Hüsnü Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 95 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (31)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1879/80AH 1297 | Vergi Kitabeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 350 | Finance (Maliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 8_319; 633 |
| 1880/81AH 1298 | Vergi Kitabeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 375 | Finance (Maliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 8_319; 633 |
| 1881/82AH 1299 | Vergi Kitabeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 375 | Finance (Maliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 8_319; 633 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | Vergi Kitabeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 375 | Finance (Maliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 8_319; 633 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 375 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 8_319; 633 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 8_319; 633 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 8_319; 633 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 8_319; 633 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 8_319; 633 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 8_319; 633 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 8_319; 633 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 8_319; 633 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 8_319; 633 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 8_319; 633 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 8_319; 633 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 8_319; 633 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Defter-i Hakani Kalemi | Novi Pazar (Yenipazar) | 760 | Land Registry (Defter-i Hakani) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 8_319; 633 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Defter-i Hakani Kalemi | Novi Pazar (Yenipazar) | 760 | Land Registry (Defter-i Hakani) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 8_319; 633 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Defter-i Hakani Kalemi | Novi Pazar (Yenipazar) | 760 | Land Registry (Defter-i Hakani) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 8_319; 633 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | Defter-i Hakani Kalemi | Novi Pazar (Yenipazar) | 1,080 | Land Registry (Defter-i Hakani) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 8_319; 633 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Defter-i Hakani Kalemi | Novi Pazar (Yenipazar) | 1,080 | Land Registry (Defter-i Hakani) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 8_319; 633 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | Defter-i Hakani Kalemi | Elazığ | 684 | Land Registry (Defter-i Hakani) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 8_319; 633 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | Defter-i Hakani Kalemi | Elazığ | 684 | Land Registry (Defter-i Hakani) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 8_319; 633 |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | Defter-i Hakani Kalemi | Konya | 900 | Land Registry (Defter-i Hakani) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 8_319; 633 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | Defter-i Hakani Kalemi | Konya | 900 | Land Registry (Defter-i Hakani) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 8_319; 633 |
| 1905/06AH 1323 | Defter-i Hakani Kalemi | Konya | 900 | Land Registry (Defter-i Hakani) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 8_319; 633 |
| 1906/07AH 1324 | Defter-i Hakani Kalemi | Konya | 900 | Land Registry (Defter-i Hakani) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 8_319; 633 |
| 1907/08AH 1325 | Defter-i Hakani Kalemi | Konya | 1,100 | Land Registry (Defter-i Hakani) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 8_319; 633 |
| 1908/09AH 1326 | DH Muduru | Sivas | 2,000 | Land Registry (Defter-i Hakani) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 8_319; 633 |
| 1909/10AH 1327 | DH Muduru | Sivas | 2,000 | Land Registry (Defter-i Hakani) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 8_319; 633 |
| 1910/11AH 1328 | DH Muduru | Tripoli (Trablusgarp) | 3,000 | Land Registry (Defter-i Hakani) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 8_319; 633 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Cross-ministry personnel workbook
- A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (26)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | ihsan Efendi | Linked personnel workbook |
| Birth year (AH) | 1277 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace | dersaadet used on this page | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | istanbul other value | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: district (kaza) | istanbul | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: sancak | istanbul | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: province (vilayet) | istanbul | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Province of birth | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | zabita | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Rusdiye Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Years of schooling | 7 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 0 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1297 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Linked personnel workbook |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1880 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | istanbul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: district (kaza) | istanbul | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: sancak | istanbul | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: province (vilayet) | istanbul | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First job as worded | Vergi Kalemi | Linked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Age at first work (workbook field) | 20 | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 350 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month) | 350 | Linked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Honours | ||
| Rank (recorded code) | 2 | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Other recorded values | ||
| Note as worded | Memleketin âb u havasiyla ailece imtizac olunamadigindan bahisle diger mahalle tahvilini istida eden ve orada temdid-i ikameti aile efradi icin dâî-i tehlike olacagi tabib raporunda gosterilen mumaileyhin Mamuratulaziz Defter-i Hakanî Memuriyeti'ne nakli | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
What the sources named in this table are
- Cross-ministry personnel workbook
- A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Linked personnel workbook
- The original personnel workbook, from which selected fields on background and first work are taken.
- The sources give more than one value for a marked field. Every value is listed.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 12 annual entries of 31 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- İhsan Efendi
- Accounts office (Muhasebe Kalemi)
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Rüşdiye school (Rüşdiye Mektebi)
- Land Registry (Defter-i Hakani)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Land Registry office (Defter-i Hakani Kalemi)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)