Official
Mehmet Tevfik Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Istanbul (Dersaadet) in 1855/56 (AH 1272). On record 1877 to 1904, 14 annual entries.
Archive reference 106_104_205
Life#
Mehmet Tevfik Efendi was born in Istanbul in 1855/56 (AH 1272), into the Muslim (Müslüman) community. Schooling took seven years, at a middle school (Rüşdiye Mektebi).
At about 19, in 1875/76, Mehmet Tevfik began work in Istanbul, with two unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 600 kuruş. The annual lists begin in 1877/78, with Mehmet Tevfik as a communications official (Muhabere Memuru) in Erzurum. The lists have no entry for 1878 to 1883. Next came Kirkuk (Kerkük) from 1883 to 1888, then Yenice, Thessaloniki (Selanik) and Murgula from 1889 to 1903, with a rise to director of the third grade (3. Müdür) in 1901/02. For 1893 to 1900 the lists have no entry. The last post was in Beirut (Beyrut) in 1903/04. Six provinces on two continents in all, a number reached by fewer than 7 per cent of the 5,200 officials with a place of service.
The salary never rose above the first in the lists, 600 kuruş a month in 1877/78, as Muhabere Memuru in Erzurum, when half the paid officials earned less. Over 14 years pay ended below where it began, 300 kuruş against 600. In all, 14 years of salary come to 61,980 kuruş, 73 per cent of what an official on the median salary earned in those years. The last annual entry is for 1903/04.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1855/56 (AH 1272); First work 1875/76 (AH 1292)
1883 to 1888 (AH 1301 to 1305)
No annual entry for 1878 to 1883 (AH 1295 to 1300) before it.
285 to 300 kuruş a month; entries in 5 years
1889 to 1893 (AH 1307 to 1310)
No annual entry for 1888/89 (AH 1306) before it.
300 kuruş a month; entries in 4 years
1900/01 (AH 1318)
No annual entry for 1893 to 1900 (AH 1311 to 1317) before it.
380 kuruş a month; entries in 1 year
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1877/78 | 600 | 560 | 410 | 50% |
| 1883/84 | 285 | 500 | 400 | 9% |
| 1884/85 | 300 | 500 | 400 | 11% |
| 1885/86 | 300 | 500 | 400 | 12% |
| 1886/87 | 300 | 500 | 400 | 11% |
| 1887/88 | 300 | 500 | 400 | 11% |
| 1889/90 | 300 | 500 | 400 | 14% |
| 1890/91 | 300 | 500 | 400 | 15% |
| 1891/92 | 300 | 500 | 400 | 16% |
| 1892/93 | 300 | 500 | 400 | 17% |
| 1900/01 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 27% |
| 1901/02 | 600 | 500 | 540 | 67% |
| 1902/03 | 600 | 500 | 540 | 67% |
| 1903/04 | 300 | 475 | 350 | 23% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1875/76AH 1292 | First work | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 600first-salary field |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Muhabere Memuru | Erzurum | 600 |
| No annual entry: 1878 to 1883 (AH 1295 to 1300) | |||
| 1883 to 1888AH 1301 to 1305 | Muhabere Memuru | Kirkuk (Kerkük) | 285 to 300 |
| No annual entry: 1888/89 (AH 1306) | |||
| 1889 to 1893AH 1307 to 1310 | Muhabere Memuru | Yenice | 300 |
| No annual entry: 1893 to 1900 (AH 1311 to 1317) | |||
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Muhabere Memuru | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 380 |
| 1901 to 1903AH 1319 to 1320 | 3. Müdür | Murgula | 600 |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 300 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1855/56 (AH 1272)
- Birthplace
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
Education
- Rüşdiye
- Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 2 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- No
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1875/76 (AH 1292)
- Place
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 600
Legal records
- Legal record note as worded
- Görev ihmali / herbar muhaberat-ı telgrafiyi tadil etmek ve mükellef olduğu vazifeyi hüsn-i ifa eylememek gibi ahvallerinden tenbîh olması için üç yüz altı senesi Recebinin yirmi yedisinde 17 Mart sene 1305 İdareten açığa çıkarılmış; işret / işrete inhimakı hasebiyle üç yüz yirmi üç senesi Rebiülevvelinin on yedisinde 9 Mayıs sene 1321 idareten azledildiği; işret / işrete inhimâkiyetetle beraber kumarla meluf olarak işbu memuriyete tayininden beri şu halinden feragat etmesi için defâʻatle edilen tenbîhat ve nesâyih dahi teʼsîr etmemiş ve zevce-i mutallakasına bâ-iʻlam-i şerʻî mahkum olduğu diyetinin tesviyesinden imtinâʻ ederek; Görev İhmali; İşret
- Years (AH) with a criminal-record mark in the annual records
- 1307; 1308; 1309; 1318; 1319; 1320; 1321
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 5 officials with entries in Kirkuk (Kerkük) in the same years, Mehmet Tevfik Efendi had the 4th highest salary.
- Emin Şevket Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Mehmet Necip Efendi3 shared years; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Neşet Efendi1 shared year; highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Fethi Zağbi Efendi1 shared year; highest salary 760 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 2,145 officials with the title Muhabere Memuru in the same years, Mehmet Tevfik Efendi had the 714th highest salary.
- Nikola Yunani Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 1,350 kuruş
- Şarl Laze Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 1,250 kuruş
- Hasan Ruhi Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 1,200 kuruş
- Mehmet Tahsin Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 1,100 kuruş
- Mehmet Halit Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 900 kuruş
Same school
Of the 3,206 officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi among their schools, 3,200 have a recorded salary; Mehmet Tevfik Efendi had the 852nd highest salary of them.
- Abdullah Süreyya Efendiborn 1855/56 (AH 1272); highest salary 540 kuruş
- Abdülmecit Efendiborn 1855/56 (AH 1272); highest salary 700 kuruş
- Ahmet Fuat Beyborn 1855/56 (AH 1272); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Ahmet Hayri Efendiborn 1855/56 (AH 1272); highest salary 675 kuruş
- Ahmet Raşit Efendiborn 1855/56 (AH 1272); highest salary 975 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 1,999 officials born in Istanbul, 1,997 have a recorded salary; Mehmet Tevfik Efendi had the 789th highest salary of them.
- Ahmet Fuat Beyborn 1855/56 (AH 1272); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Ahmet Raşit Efendiborn 1855/56 (AH 1272); highest salary 975 kuruş
- Antranik Efendiborn 1855/56 (AH 1272); highest salary 720 kuruş
- Hafiz Ali Efendiborn 1855/56 (AH 1272); highest salary 300 kuruş
- Halil Rasih Efendiborn 1855/56 (AH 1272); highest salary 400 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 118 officials whose first annual entry is for 1877/78 (AH 1294), Mehmet Tevfik Efendi had the 60th highest salary.
- Unnamed official (0049_0019; 35)first entry in Erzurum; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Mehmet Habip Efendifirst entry in Erzurum; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Ohannes Şükran Efendifirst entry in Erzurum; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Hüseyin Sabri Efendifirst entry in Erzurum; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Ali Efendifirst entry in Erzurum; highest salary 800 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (14)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Muhabere Memuru | Erzurum | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_104_205 |
| 1883/84AH 1301 | Muhabere Memuru | Kirkuk (Kerkük) | 285 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_104_205 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | Muhabere Memuru | Kirkuk (Kerkük) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_104_205 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | Muhabere Memuru | Kirkuk (Kerkük) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_104_205 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | Muhabere Memuru | Kirkuk (Kerkük) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_104_205 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | Muhabere Memuru | Kirkuk (Kerkük) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_104_205 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | Muhabere Memuru | Yenice | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_104_205 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | Muhabere Memuru | Yenice | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_104_205 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | Muhabere Memuru | Yenice | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_104_205 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | Muhabere Memuru | Yenice | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_104_205 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Muhabere Memuru | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_104_205 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | 3. Müdür | Murgula | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_104_205 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | 3. Müdür | Murgula | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_104_205 |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 106_104_205 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (19)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Mehmet Tevfik Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1272 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Rusdiye Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 7 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 2 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1292 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1875 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | istanbul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 600 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Legal records | ||
| Legal record note as worded | Görev ihmali / herbar muhaberat-ı telgrafiyi tadil etmek ve mükellef olduğu vazifeyi hüsn-i ifa eylememek gibi ahvallerinden tenbîh olması için üç yüz altı senesi Recebinin yirmi yedisinde 17 Mart sene 1305 İdareten açığa çıkarılmış used on this page | Legal notes (earlier workbook copy); Legal notes (later workbook copy) |
| Legal record note as worded | işret / işrete inhimakı hasebiyle üç yüz yirmi üç senesi Rebiülevvelinin on yedisinde 9 Mayıs sene 1321 idareten azledildiği other value | Legal notes (earlier workbook copy); Legal notes (later workbook copy) |
| Legal record note as worded | işret / işrete inhimâkiyetetle beraber kumarla meluf olarak işbu memuriyete tayininden beri şu halinden feragat etmesi için defâʻatle edilen tenbîhat ve nesâyih dahi teʼsîr etmemiş ve zevce-i mutallakasına bâ-iʻlam-i şerʻî mahkum olduğu diyetinin tesviyesinden imtinâʻ ederek other value | Legal notes (earlier workbook copy); Legal notes (later workbook copy) |
| Legal record note as worded | Görev İhmali other value | Legal notes (earlier workbook copy); Legal notes (later workbook copy) |
| Legal record note as worded | İşret other value | Legal notes (earlier workbook copy); Legal notes (later workbook copy) |
| Years (AH) with a criminal-record mark in the annual records | 1307; 1308; 1309; 1318; 1319; 1320; 1321 | Later annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Legal notes (earlier workbook copy)
- A workbook of notes on legal records. The wording is kept as written. It may hold an accusation or an acquittal, it is not the finding of a court, and its year is the year of the record, not the date of an event.
- Legal notes (later workbook copy)
- A later copy of the workbook of notes on legal records. The same wording in both copies is one note, not two.
- Later annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2025. It marks single annual entries with a criminal-record flag and holds status words such as Vefat. For a death, the year is the year of the annual list in which the status word stands.
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- The sources give more than one value for a marked field. Every value is listed.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 14 annual entries of 14 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Mehmet Tevfik Efendi
- Communications official (Muhabere Memuru)
- Kirkuk (Kerkük)
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Rüşdiye school (Rüşdiye Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)