Official
Ahmet Fuat Bey
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Istanbul (Dersaadet) in 1855/56 (AH 1272). On record 1868 to 1909, 40 annual entries.
Archive reference 37_75; 147
Life#
Born in Istanbul in 1855/56 (AH 1272), Ahmet Fuat Bey came from the Muslim (Müslüman) community; the father was an official of the civil administration (mülkiye memuru). At about 11, in 1866/67, Ahmet Fuat began work in Damascus (Şam), with two unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 400 kuruş. Fewer than 2 per cent of the 5,128 officials whose age at first work is known began work at 11 or younger. The first annual entry, for 1868/69, places Ahmet Fuat in İskenderun as a communications official (Muhabere Memuru). Ahmet Fuat then moved to seven places in 15 years, from Homs (Humus) to Veles (Köprülü), with a rise to director of the second grade (2. Müdür) in 1880/81, then Shkodër (İşkodra) from 1883 to 1889. Next came Edirne from 1889 to 1894, then Kırklareli and Beyoğlu from 1894 to 1901. The last posts were in Istanbul, the birthplace, from 1901 to 1909. Ten provinces on two continents in all, a number reached by only 24 of the 5,200 officials with a place of service. Few careers in the lists are as long; fewer than 3 per cent of the 5,211 officials have entries spanning 42 years or more.
The salary went from 400 kuruş a month in 1868/69 to 1,000 in 1889/90, the peak, as 2. Müdür in Edirne, when 85 per cent of paid officials earned less. The final annual entry is for 1908/09.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1855/56 (AH 1272)
First work 1866/67 (AH 1283)
1873 to 1876 (AH 1290 to 1292)
No annual entry for 1872/73 (AH 1289) before it.
475 to 500 kuruş a month; entries in 3 years
1877/78 (AH 1294)
No annual entry for 1876/77 (AH 1293) before it.
600 kuruş a month; entries in 1 year
1901 to 1909 (AH 1319 to 1326)
720 kuruş a month; entries in 8 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1868/69 | 400 | 600 | 480 | 17% |
| 1869/70 | 400 | 600 | 400 | 18% |
| 1870/71 | 400 | 600 | 400 | 20% |
| 1871/72 | 480 | 550 | 400 | 43% |
| 1873/74 | 475 | 500 | 400 | 42% |
| 1874/75 | 500 | 535 | 450 | 41% |
| 1875/76 | 500 | 530 | 400 | 41% |
| 1877/78 | 600 | 560 | 410 | 50% |
| 1878 | 800 | 600 | 800 | 65% |
| 1878/79 | 800 | 600 | 800 | 66% |
| 1879/80 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 61% |
| 1880/81 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 76% |
| 1881/82 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 77% |
| 1882/83 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 76% |
| 1883/84 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 76% |
| 1884/85 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 76% |
| 1885/86 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 77% |
| 1886/87 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 77% |
| 1887/88 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 76% |
| 1888/89 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 77% |
| 1889/90 | 1,000 | 500 | 800 | 85% |
| 1890/91 | 1,000 | 500 | 800 | 86% |
| 1891/92 | 1,000 | 500 | 800 | 86% |
| 1892/93 | 1,000 | 500 | 800 | 87% |
| 1893/94 | 1,000 | 500 | 800 | 87% |
| 1894/95 | 1,000 | 500 | 800 | 87% |
| 1895/96 | 1,000 | 500 | 800 | 87% |
| 1896/97 | 900 | 500 | 765 | 88% |
| 1897/98 | 720 | 500 | 400 | 81% |
| 1898/99 | 720 | 500 | 400 | 80% |
| 1899/1900 | 720 | 500 | 400 | 79% |
| 1900/01 | 720 | 500 | 400 | 77% |
| 1901/02 | 720 | 500 | 120 | 77% |
| 1902/03 | 720 | 500 | 120 | 77% |
| 1903/04 | 720 | 475 | 120 | 77% |
| 1904/05 | 720 | 450 | 77% | |
| 1905/06 | 720 | 475 | 75% | |
| 1906/07 | 720 | 450 | 74% | |
| 1907/08 | 720 | 300 | 78% | |
| 1908/09 | 720 | 350 | 73% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1866/67AH 1283 | First work | Damascus (Şam) | 400first-salary field |
| 1868/69AH 1285 | Muhabere Memuru | İskenderun | 400 |
| 1869 to 1871AH 1286 to 1287 | Muhabere Memuru | Homs (Humus) | 400 |
| 1871/72AH 1288 | Muhabere Memuru | Damascus (Şam) | 480 |
| No annual entry: 1872/73 (AH 1289) | |||
| 1873 to 1876AH 1290 to 1292 | Muhabere Memuru | Bilecik | 475 to 500 |
| No annual entry: 1876/77 (AH 1293) | |||
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Muhabere Memuru | Trabzon | 600 |
| 1878 to 1879AH 1295 to 1296 | 2. Müdür | Bayburt | 800 |
| 1879/80AH 1297 | 3. Müdür | Karadeniz Ereğli | 600 |
| 1880 to 1883AH 1298 to 1300 | 2. Müdür | Veles (Köprülü) | 800 |
| 1883 to 1889AH 1301 to 1306 | 2. Müdür | Shkodër (İşkodra) | 800 |
| 1889 to 1894AH 1307 to 1311 | 2. Müdür | Edirne | 1,000 |
| 1894 to 1897AH 1312 to 1314 | 2. Müdür | Kırklareli | 1,000 to 900 |
| 1897 to 1901AH 1315 to 1318 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 720 |
| 1901 to 1909AH 1319 to 1326 | Meclis Kitabeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 720 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1855/56 (AH 1272)
- Birthplace
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
- Father's occupation
- Mulkiye Memuru
Education
- Rüşdiye
- Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 2 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- No
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Arabic
- Kitabetwriting
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1866/67 (AH 1283)
- Place
- Damascus (Şam)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 400
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 974 officials with entries in Istanbul in the same years, Ahmet Fuat Bey had the 169th highest salary.
- Suleyman Resat Bey8 shared years; highest salary 7,000 kuruş
- Hasan Ferit Efendi8 shared years; highest salary 5,000 kuruş
- Melkok Efendi8 shared years; highest salary 5,000 kuruş
- Mustafa İhsan Efendi8 shared years; highest salary 5,000 kuruş
- Dikran Efendi8 shared years; highest salary 4,500 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 311 officials with the title 2. Müdür in the same years, Ahmet Fuat Bey had the 149th highest salary.
- Hasan Tahsin Efendi19 shared years; highest salary 1,300 kuruş
- Mehmet Tevfik Efendi19 shared years; highest salary 1,100 kuruş
- Fetullah Nuri Efendi19 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Hüseyin Rüştü Efendi19 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Mehmet İzzet Efendi19 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
Same school
Of the 3,206 officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi among their schools, 3,200 have a recorded salary; Ahmet Fuat Bey had the 289th highest salary of them.
- Abdullah Süreyya Efendiborn 1855/56 (AH 1272); highest salary 540 kuruş
- Abdülmecit Efendiborn 1855/56 (AH 1272); highest salary 700 kuruş
- Ahmet Hayri Efendiborn 1855/56 (AH 1272); highest salary 675 kuruş
- Ahmet Raşit Efendiborn 1855/56 (AH 1272); highest salary 975 kuruş
- Ahmet Rüştü Efendiborn 1855/56 (AH 1272); highest salary 1,800 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 1,999 officials born in Istanbul, 1,997 have a recorded salary; Ahmet Fuat Bey had the 354th highest salary of them.
- Ahmet Raşit Efendiborn 1855/56 (AH 1272); highest salary 975 kuruş
- Antranik Efendiborn 1855/56 (AH 1272); highest salary 720 kuruş
- Hafiz Ali Efendiborn 1855/56 (AH 1272); highest salary 300 kuruş
- Halil Rasih Efendiborn 1855/56 (AH 1272); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Hasan Basri Efendiborn 1855/56 (AH 1272); highest salary 600 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 89 officials whose first annual entry is for 1868/69 (AH 1285), Ahmet Fuat Bey had the 31st highest salary.
- Mehmet Sait Efendifirst entry in Larissa (Yenişehir-i Fener); highest salary 850 kuruş
- Rüştü Efendifirst entry in Trabzon; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Mehmet Nuri Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 400 kuruş
- Hüsnü Efendifirst entry in Serres (Siroz); highest salary 1,080 kuruş
- İbrahim Sabri Efendifirst entry in Karbala (Kerbela); highest salary 900 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (40)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1868/69AH 1285 | Muhabere Memuru | İskenderun | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1869/70AH 1286 | Muhabere Memuru | Homs (Humus) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1870/71AH 1287 | Muhabere Memuru | Homs (Humus) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1871/72AH 1288 | Muhabere Memuru | Damascus (Şam) | 480 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1873/74AH 1290 | Muhabere Memuru | Bilecik | 475 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1874/75AH 1291 | Muhabere Memuru | Bilecik | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1875/76AH 1292 | Muhabere Memuru | Bilecik | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Muhabere Memuru | Trabzon | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1878AH 1295 | 2. Müdür | Bayburt | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | 2. Müdür | Bayburt | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1879/80AH 1297 | 3. Müdür | Karadeniz Ereğli | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1880/81AH 1298 | 2. Müdür | Veles (Köprülü) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1881/82AH 1299 | 2. Müdür | Veles (Köprülü) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | 2. Müdür | Veles (Köprülü) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1883/84AH 1301 | 2. Müdür | Shkodër (İşkodra) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | 2. Müdür | Shkodër (İşkodra) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | 2. Müdür | Shkodër (İşkodra) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | 2. Müdür | Shkodër (İşkodra) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | 2. Müdür | Shkodër (İşkodra) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | 2. Müdür | Shkodër (İşkodra) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | 2. Müdür | Edirne | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | 2. Müdür | Edirne | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | 2. Müdür | Edirne | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | 2. Müdür | Edirne | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | 2. Müdür | Edirne | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | 2. Müdür | Kırklareli | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | 2. Müdür | Kırklareli | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | 2. Müdür | Kırklareli | 900 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 720 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 720 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 720 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Muhabere Memuru | Beyoğlu | 720 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | Meclis Kitabeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 720 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | Meclis Kitabeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 720 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | Meclis Kitabeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 720 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | Meclis Kitabeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 720 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1905/06AH 1323 | Meclis Kitabeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 720 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1906/07AH 1324 | Meclis Kitabeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 720 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1907/08AH 1325 | Meclis Kitabeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 720 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
| 1908/09AH 1326 | Meclis Kitabeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 720 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 37_75; 147 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (14)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Ahmet Fuat Bey | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1272 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | mulkiye memuru | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | rusdiye mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 7 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 2 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1283 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1866 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | sam | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 400 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 35 annual entries of 40 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Ahmet Fuat Bey
- Director of the second grade (2. Müdür)
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Rüşdiye school (Rüşdiye Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Communications official (Muhabere Memuru)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)