Official
Mahmut Avni Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Nablus in 1846/47 (AH 1263). On record 1871 to 1905, 34 annual entries. Death recorded 1905/06.
Archive reference 103_46_89
Life#
Mahmut Avni Efendi was born in Nablus in 1846/47 (AH 1263) into the Muslim (Müslüman) community; the father's occupation was "Tacir". Schooling took four years, at a school for young children (Sıbyan Mektebi); Mahmut Avni also wrote Turkish and spoke Arabic.
At about 24, in 1871/72, Mahmut Avni began work in Nablus, paid from the start, on 380 kuruş a month. The first annual entry, for 1871/72, places Mahmut Avni in Nablus, the birthplace, as a sergeant (Çavuş), where the entries run to 1876/77. The annual lists then follow Mahmut Avni to Jaffa (Yafa), Acre (Akka) and Gaza (Gazze) from 1877 to 1880, then Heraklion (Kandiye) from 1880 to 1886. Mahmut Avni then moved to Beirut (Beyrut), Al-Salt (Salt) and Heraklion from 1886 to 1889, with a rise to director of the third grade (3. Müdür) in 1887/88, then back to Beirut from 1889 to 1901. The last posts were in Birecik from 1902 to 1905, with a rise to director of the second grade (2. Müdür) in 1904/05.
Pay rose from 380 kuruş a month in 1871/72 to a peak of 700 in 1904/05, as 2. Müdür in Birecik, when three in four paid officials earned less. After the last annual entry, for 1904/05, the list of 1905/06 (AH 1323) gives the status word Vefat (death).
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
1880 to 1886 (AH 1298 to 1303)
380 to 500 kuruş a month; entries in 6 years
Death recorded in the annual list of 1905/06 (AH 1323): the word Vefat, not a date of death.
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1871/72 | 380 | 550 | 285 | 20% |
| 1872/73 | 380 | 550 | 285 | 18% |
| 1873/74 | 380 | 500 | 285 | 18% |
| 1874/75 | 380 | 535 | 285 | 18% |
| 1875/76 | 380 | 530 | 285 | 18% |
| 1876/77 | 380 | 582.5 | 300 | 16% |
| 1877/78 | 400 | 560 | 410 | 16% |
| 1878 | 400 | 600 | 500 | 17% |
| 1878/79 | 400 | 600 | 420 | 18% |
| 1879/80 | 380 | 500 | 380 | 22% |
| 1880/81 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 21% |
| 1881/82 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 20% |
| 1882/83 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 18% |
| 1883/84 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 18% |
| 1884/85 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 18% |
| 1885/86 | 500 | 500 | 400 | 42% |
| 1886/87 | 450 | 500 | 400 | 37% |
| 1887/88 | 500 | 500 | 600 | 41% |
| 1888/89 | 500 | 500 | 600 | 41% |
| 1889/90 | 500 | 500 | 600 | 42% |
| 1890/91 | 500 | 500 | 600 | 43% |
| 1891/92 | 500 | 500 | 600 | 43% |
| 1892/93 | 500 | 500 | 600 | 44% |
| 1893/94 | 500 | 500 | 600 | 46% |
| 1894/95 | 500 | 500 | 600 | 46% |
| 1895/96 | 500 | 500 | 600 | 47% |
| 1896/97 | 500 | 500 | 540 | 49% |
| 1897/98 | 500 | 500 | 540 | 49% |
| 1898/99 | 500 | 500 | 540 | 48% |
| 1899/1900 | 500 | 500 | 540 | 47% |
| 1900/01 | 500 | 500 | 540 | 47% |
| 1902/03 | 500 | 500 | 540 | 49% |
| 1903/04 | 500 | 475 | 540 | 51% |
| 1904/05 | 700 | 450 | 800 | 75% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1871/72AH 1288 | First work | Nablus | 380first-salary field |
| 1871 to 1877AH 1288 to 1293 | Çavuş | Nablus | 380 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Muhabere Memuru | Jaffa (Yafa) | 400 |
| 1878 to 1879AH 1295 to 1296 | Muhabere Memuru | Acre (Akka) | 400 |
| 1879/80AH 1297 | Muhabere Memuru | Gaza (Gazze) | 380 |
| 1880 to 1886AH 1298 to 1303 | Muhabere Memuru | Heraklion (Kandiye) | 380 to 500 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 450 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | 3. Müdür | Al-Salt (Salt) | 500 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | 3. Müdür | Heraklion (Kandiye) | 500 |
| 1889 to 1901AH 1307 to 1318 | 3. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 |
| No annual entry: 1901/02 (AH 1319) | |||
| 1902 to 1904AH 1320 to 1321 | 3. Müdür | Birecik | 500 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | 2. Müdür | Birecik | 700 |
| 1905/06AH 1323 | Death recorded | ||
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1846/47 (AH 1263)
- Birthplace
- Nablus
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
- Father's occupation
- Tacir
- Death recorded
- 1905/06 (AH 1323)the year of the annual list with the word Vefat, not a date of death
Education
- Primary
- Sıbyan Mektebi (4 years)school for young children (primary school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 0 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Arabic
- Tekellumspeaking
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1871/72 (AH 1288)
- Place
- Nablus
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 380
Legal records
- Legal record note as worded
- Şiddet / Mumaileyhin merkez-i mezkur Çavuşu Muhyittin Ağa'yı darp ettiği Akka Sancağı ve Beyrut Vilayeti Bidayet ve İstinaf Mahkemelerince bi'l-muhakeme sâbit olmasıyla bir mah habse ve beş lira-yı Osmanî ceza-yı nakdiye itasına mahkum olduğu Beyrut Vilayeti Telgraf ve Posta Baş Müdürliği'nden işar olunması üzerine bin üç yüz on dokuz senesi Saferinin yirmi dördünde 30 Mayıs sene 1317 Meclis-i İdare-i Nezaret kararıyla açağa çıkarılmış; Şiddet
- Years (AH) with a criminal-record mark in the annual records
- 1320; 1321; 1322
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 126 officials with entries in Beirut (Beyrut) in the same years, Mahmut Avni Efendi had the 54th highest salary.
- Mehmet İzzet Efendi13 shared years; highest salary 980 kuruş
- Kaysar Efendi13 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Kayser Minir Efendi13 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Yusuf Efendi13 shared years; highest salary 640 kuruş
- Abdülmecit Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 700 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 573 officials with the title 3. Müdür in the same years, Mahmut Avni Efendi had the 201st highest salary.
- Nebil Efendi16 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Mehmet Cemal Efendi16 shared years; highest salary 600 kuruş
- İsmail Hayri Efendi14 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- İsmail Sabri Efendi14 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Ahmet Rıfat Efendi14 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
Same school
Of the 746 officials with Sıbyan Mektebi among their schools, 745 have a recorded salary; Mahmut Avni Efendi had the 356th highest salary of them.
- Ahmed Muhtar Efendiborn 1846/47 (AH 1263); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Ahmet Faik Efendiborn 1846/47 (AH 1263); highest salary 1,170 kuruş
- Ahmet Hamdi Efendiborn 1846/47 (AH 1263); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Ahmet Şevki Efendiborn 1846/47 (AH 1263); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Ahmet Tevfik Efendiborn 1846/47 (AH 1263); highest salary 500 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 7 officials born in Nablus, Mahmut Avni Efendi had the 2nd highest salary.
- Mehmet Nasir Efendiborn 1844/45 (AH 1260); highest salary 475 kuruş
- Ahmed Hulusi Efendiborn 1861/62 (AH 1278); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Mehmet Bahaettin Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Emin Hikmet Efendiborn 1881/82 (AH 1299); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Mehmet Şerif Efendiborn 1882/83 (AH 1300); highest salary 340 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 62 officials whose first annual entry is for 1871/72 (AH 1288), Mahmut Avni Efendi had the 37th highest salary.
- Yosef Sava Efendifirst annual entry 1871/72 (AH 1288); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Abdullah Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Ahmet Hamdi Efendifirst entry in Çeşme; highest salary 400 kuruş
- Mehmet Ata Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Mihalaki Efendifirst entry in Volos (Golos); highest salary 480 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (34)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1871/72AH 1288 | Çavuş | Nablus | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1872/73AH 1289 | Çavuş | Nablus | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1873/74AH 1290 | Çavuş | Nablus | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1874/75AH 1291 | Çavuş | Nablus | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1875/76AH 1292 | Çavuş | Nablus | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1876/77AH 1293 | Çavuş | Nablus | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Muhabere Memuru | Jaffa (Yafa) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1878AH 1295 | Muhabere Memuru | Acre (Akka) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | Muhabere Memuru | Acre (Akka) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1879/80AH 1297 | Muhabere Memuru | Gaza (Gazze) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1880/81AH 1298 | Muhabere Memuru | Heraklion (Kandiye) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1881/82AH 1299 | Muhabere Memuru | Heraklion (Kandiye) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | Muhabere Memuru | Heraklion (Kandiye) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1883/84AH 1301 | Muhabere Memuru | Heraklion (Kandiye) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | Muhabere Memuru | Heraklion (Kandiye) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | Muhabere Memuru | Heraklion (Kandiye) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | Muhabere Memuru | Beirut (Beyrut) | 450 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | 3. Müdür | Al-Salt (Salt) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | 3. Müdür | Heraklion (Kandiye) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | 3. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | 3. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | 3. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | 3. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | 3. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | 3. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | 3. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | 3. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | 3. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | 3. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | 3. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | 3. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | 3. Müdür | Birecik | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | 3. Müdür | Birecik | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | 2. Müdür | Birecik | 700 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_46_89 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (18)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Mahmut Avni Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1263 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | nablus | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | beyrut | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | tacir | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Sibyan Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 0 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1288 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1871 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Nablus | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 380 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Legal records | ||
| Legal record note as worded | Şiddet / Mumaileyhin merkez-i mezkur Çavuşu Muhyittin Ağa'yı darp ettiği Akka Sancağı ve Beyrut Vilayeti Bidayet ve İstinaf Mahkemelerince bi'l-muhakeme sâbit olmasıyla bir mah habse ve beş lira-yı Osmanî ceza-yı nakdiye itasına mahkum olduğu Beyrut Vilayeti Telgraf ve Posta Baş Müdürliği'nden işar olunması üzerine bin üç yüz on dokuz senesi Saferinin yirmi dördünde 30 Mayıs sene 1317 Meclis-i İdare-i Nezaret kararıyla açağa çıkarılmış used on this page | Legal notes (earlier workbook copy); Legal notes (later workbook copy) |
| Legal record note as worded | Şiddet other value | Legal notes (earlier workbook copy); Legal notes (later workbook copy) |
| Years (AH) with a criminal-record mark in the annual records | 1320; 1321; 1322 | Later annual personnel extract |
| Status | ||
| Death recorded under the year (AH) | 1323 | Earlier annual personnel extract (original copy); Earlier annual personnel extract (parallel copy) |
What the sources named in this table are
- Legal notes (earlier workbook copy)
- A workbook of notes on legal records. The wording is kept as written. It may hold an accusation or an acquittal, it is not the finding of a court, and its year is the year of the record, not the date of an event.
- Legal notes (later workbook copy)
- A later copy of the workbook of notes on legal records. The same wording in both copies is one note, not two.
- Earlier annual personnel extract (original copy)
- A copy of the earlier annual personnel file, read for the title wording of each year. A death taken from it is the status word Vefat in the title field of one annual list: the year is the year of that list, not a date of death.
- Earlier annual personnel extract (parallel copy)
- A second copy of the earlier annual personnel file, read in the same way. A death taken from it is the status word Vefat in the title field of one annual list: the year is the year of that list, not a date of death. Two copies that agree are one piece of evidence, not two.
- Later annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2025. It marks single annual entries with a criminal-record flag and holds status words such as Vefat. For a death, the year is the year of the annual list in which the status word stands.
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- The sources give more than one value for a marked field. Every value is listed.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 34 annual entries of 34 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Mahmut Avni Efendi
- Director of the third grade (3. Müdür)
- Beirut (Beyrut)
- Nablus
- School for young children (Sıbyan Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)