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Ottoman BureaucracyPeople, places and careers in Ottoman public service

Official

Mehmet Raif Efendi

Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Istanbul (Dersaadet) in 1855/56 (AH 1272). On record 1886 to 1902, 16 annual entries.

Archive reference 0074_0072; 141

Life

Mehmet Raif Efendi was born in Istanbul in 1855/56 (AH 1272). The record gives the community as Muslim (Müslüman), the nationality as Turkish and the father's occupation as Memur.

Schooling recorded: Sıbyan Mektebi, with 4 years of schooling recorded. The record marks no qualification (diploma, certificate, training or decoration). Languages recorded, with the skill words of the record: Turkish, with Kitabet.

First work is recorded in Istanbul in 1886/87 (AH 1304). The official was then about 31 years old. The record gives no years of unpaid apprenticeship (mülazemet). The first-salary field gives 350 kuruş a month. At the first annual entry, in 1886/87, the official was about 31 years old.

The first annual entry, for 1886/87, shows Fen Kalemi in Istanbul, with 350 kuruş a month. In 1895/96 the record shows Makine Memuru in Kosova, the salary going from 350 to 600 kuruş a month (before: Fen Kalemi in Istanbul). In 1898/99 the record shows Makine Memuru in Van, the salary going from 540 to 600 kuruş a month (before: Makine Memuru in Kosova). In 1901/02 the record shows Makine Memuru in Yemen, the salary going from 600 to 1,200 kuruş a month (before: Makine Memuru in Van).

The highest salary, 1,200 kuruş a month, is first recorded in 1901/02 as Makine Memuru. 91 per cent of the other officials with a recorded salary that year earned less. The median salary of all officials that year was 500 kuruş. Over 16 years with a salary the median is 350 kuruş a month, with 3 rises and 1 cut. The largest rise, 600 kuruş, is seen in 1901/02. From the first salary to the last the salary grew by 8.56 per cent a year on average.

Record

Personal

Born
1855/56 (AH 1272)
Community
Muslim (Müslüman)
Nationality as recorded
Turkish
Father's occupation
Memur

Education

Primary
Sıbyan Mektebi (4 years)school for young children (primary school)
Unpaid years (mülazemet)
0 years
Preparation route (classification of the paper)
Low
Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.

The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.

Languages

Turkish
Kitabetwriting

The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.

First work

Year
1886/87 (AH 1304)
First salary field (kuruş a month)
350

Career

Career of Mehmet Raif Efendi, one row per stage
YearsTitlePlaceSalary (kuruş a month)
1886/87AH 1304First workIstanbul (Dersaadet)350first-salary field
1886 to 1895AH 1304 to 1312Fen Kalemi
9 entries
YearSalary
1886/87350
1887/88350
1888/89350
1889/90350
1890/91350
1891/92350
1892/93350
1893/94350
1894/95350
Istanbul (Dersaadet)350
1895 to 1898AH 1313 to 1315Makine Memuru
3 entries
YearSalary
1895/96600
1896/97540
1897/98540
Kosova600 to 540
1898 to 1901AH 1316 to 1318Makine Memuru
3 entries
YearSalary
1898/99600
1899/1900600
1900/01600
Van600
1901/02AH 1319Makine MemuruYemen1,200
Monthly salary, kuruş
05001,0001,5001887/88AH 13051892/93AH 13101897/98AH 13151,200 kuruş
Salary against the medians of the same year
2005001,0002,0001887/88AH 13051892/93AH 13101897/98AH 1315This officialMedian, all officialsMedian, same title

Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.

The numbers of the chart
Salary of Mehmet Raif Efendi against the medians of the same year, kuruş a month
YearSalaryMedian, all officialsMedian, same titlePaid less
1886/8735050040018%
1887/8835050075017%
1888/8935050018%
1889/9035050020%
1890/9135050021%
1891/9235050022%
1892/9335050022%
1893/9435050023%
1894/9535050024%
1895/9660050050059%
1896/9754050052061%
1897/9854050050061%
1898/9960050054072%
1899/190060050054570%
1900/0160050048067%
1901/021,20050042091%

Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.

Placesbornfirst workannual entries
IstanbulYemenKosovaVan

Choose a row to mark its years in the charts and its place on the map.

Recorded with

Recorded in the same place in the same years

823 officials in all. Officials recorded in Istanbul (Dersaadet)

Same school recorded

744 officials in all. Officials with Sıbyan Mektebi recorded

Same birthplace

1,998 officials in all. Officials born in Istanbul (Dersaadet)

Full record

Annual entries (16)

Annual entries of Mehmet Raif Efendi
YearTitlePlaceKuruş a monthInstitutionSourceArchive reference
1886/87AH 1304Fen KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)350Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0074_0072; 141
1887/88AH 1305Fen KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)350Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0074_0072; 141
1888/89AH 1306Fen KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)350Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0074_0072; 141
1889/90AH 1307Fen KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)350Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0074_0072; 141
1890/91AH 1308Fen KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)350Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0074_0072; 141
1891/92AH 1309Fen KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)350Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0074_0072; 141
1892/93AH 1310Fen KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)350Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0074_0072; 141
1893/94AH 1311Fen KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)350Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0074_0072; 141
1894/95AH 1312Fen KalemiIstanbul (Dersaadet)350Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0074_0072; 141
1895/96AH 1313Makine MemuruKosova600Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0074_0072; 141
1896/97AH 1314Makine MemuruKosova540Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0074_0072; 141
1897/98AH 1315Makine MemuruKosova540Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0074_0072; 141
1898/99AH 1316Makine MemuruVan600Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0074_0072; 141
1899/1900AH 1317Makine MemuruVan600Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0074_0072; 141
1900/01AH 1318Makine MemuruVan600Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0074_0072; 141
1901/02AH 1319Makine MemuruYemen1,200Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)Recovered annual personnel extract0074_0072; 141
What the sources named in this table are
Recovered annual personnel extract
The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.

Sources and original values (14)

Recorded values of Mehmet Raif Efendi with their sources
FieldRecorded valueSource
Identity
NameMehmet Raif EfendiPersonnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Birth year (AH)1272Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
BirthplacedersaadetRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Province of birthdersaadetRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Father's occupationMemurRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
ReligionMuslumanRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Nationality or communityTurkishRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Schooling
SchoolSibyan MektebiRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Years of schooling4Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet)0Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
First work
First work: year (AH)1304Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
First work: Gregorian year as stored1887Recovered annual personnel extract
First work: placeistanbulRecovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
First salary field (kuruş a month)350Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract
What the sources named in this table are
Earlier annual personnel extract
The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
Recovered annual personnel extract
The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Personnel attributes extract
The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
  • Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
  • 16 annual entries of 16 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.

How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.