Job title
Makine Memuru
Machine official
Group of job titles: Technical and stores
Stored spellings: Makine Memuru; makine memuru
28 officials held the job title Makine Memuru. Its 344 annual entries run from 1857 to 1909 (AH 1274 to 1326). The median of the 344 recorded monthly salaries is 500 kuruş, against 500 kuruş for the whole collection in the same years. The median entry paid the same as the collection median of its year. On average an official was paid more than 46 per cent of the other officials with a salary in the same year. Half of the officials have an entry in it in no more than 9 different years, and a quarter in 15 or more. It was the first title on record for 68 per cent of the officials and the last for 93 per cent. No other title is recorded for 61 per cent of them. The title held just before it by most officials is Fabrika Memuru (5 officials). The entries name 20 places. The place with the largest number of officials is Istanbul, with 5.
- Officials
- 28
- Years on recordAH 1274 to 1326, 53 years with an entry
- 1857 to 1909
- Median monthly salary1× the collection median of the same years (500 kuruş)
- 500 kuruş
- Places with officials
- 20
- First job title on recordfor 19 of the 28 officials
- 68%
What the job was
Machine official (makine memuru). In the telegraph service, apparatus that an office could not repair was sent to the mechanics (makineci) of the province or, where there were none, of Istanbul.
Dutiesinferred from the duties
- repair and maintain the telegraph apparatus of the offices
History
Repair was at first done by foreign specialists. A repair shop in Istanbul chose watchmakers and their apprentices to learn the work, and in 1869 the shop became a small factory.
A field marked "inferred from the duties" is reasoned from the duties or the words of the job title; the sources below do not state it.
Sources
- Bektaş, Yakup (2000). The Sultan's messenger: cultural constructions of Ottoman telegraphy, 1847-1880. Technology and Culture 41 (4), 669-696.Pages or part: 688. Used for: history.
- Davison, Roderic H. (1990). The advent of the electric telegraph in the Ottoman Empire. In Essays in Ottoman and Turkish History, 1774-1923, 133-165. Austin: University of Texas Press. Read in the Turkish translation by Durdu Mehmet Burak, OTAM 14 (2003), 347-386; pages are those of the translation.Pages or part: 365. Used for: duties, history.
- Güneş, Mahir Melih (2026). Anadolu'da Telgrafın Toplumsal Tarihi (1856-1908). Doctoral thesis, Hacettepe University. Online copy (read 11 October 2026).Pages or part: 119. Used for: summary, duties.
Monthly salary each year
The same numbers as a table
| Year | Recorded salaries | Median | Mean | Lower quartile | Upper quartile | Median of the whole collection |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1857/58 | 1 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 475 |
| 1858/59 | 1 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 500 |
| 1859/60 | 1 | 300 | 300 | 300 | 300 | 500 |
| 1860/61 | 1 | 300 | 300 | 300 | 300 | 500 |
| 1861/62 | 1 | 350 | 350 | 350 | 350 | 600 |
| 1862/63 | 1 | 350 | 350 | 350 | 350 | 500 |
| 1863/64 | 2 | 340 | 340 | 310 | 370 | 500 |
| 1864/65 | 2 | 340 | 340 | 310 | 370 | 625 |
| 1865/66 | 2 | 365 | 365 | 322.5 | 407.5 | 650 |
| 1866/67 | 3 | 420 | 553.33 | 350 | 690 | 600 |
| 1867/68 | 4 | 400 | 462.5 | 287.5 | 575 | 600 |
| 1868/69 | 6 | 442.5 | 497.5 | 321.25 | 687.5 | 600 |
| 1869/70 | 6 | 450 | 491.67 | 362.5 | 575 | 600 |
| 1870/71 | 6 | 450 | 491.67 | 362.5 | 575 | 600 |
| 1871/72 | 6 | 525 | 523.33 | 446.25 | 600 | 550 |
| 1872/73 | 6 | 525 | 523.33 | 446.25 | 600 | 550 |
| 1873/74 | 6 | 522.5 | 516.67 | 418.75 | 600 | 500 |
| 1874/75 | 6 | 537.5 | 527.5 | 452.5 | 600 | 535 |
| 1875/76 | 6 | 537.5 | 527.5 | 452.5 | 600 | 530 |
| 1876/77 | 5 | 600 | 520 | 500 | 600 | 575 |
| 1877/78 | 5 | 600 | 520 | 500 | 600 | 560 |
| 1878 | 6 | 600 | 541.67 | 525 | 600 | 600 |
| 1878/79 | 7 | 600 | 600 | 500 | 650 | 600 |
| 1879/80 | 6 | 500 | 497.5 | 425 | 500 | 500 |
| 1880/81 | 6 | 500 | 497.5 | 425 | 500 | 500 |
| 1881/82 | 9 | 500 | 488.89 | 400 | 500 | 500 |
| 1882/83 | 9 | 500 | 533.33 | 500 | 600 | 500 |
| 1883/84 | 9 | 500 | 533.33 | 500 | 600 | 500 |
| 1884/85 | 9 | 500 | 533.33 | 500 | 600 | 500 |
| 1885/86 | 9 | 500 | 533.33 | 500 | 600 | 500 |
| 1886/87 | 9 | 500 | 533.33 | 500 | 600 | 500 |
| 1887/88 | 10 | 500 | 540 | 500 | 600 | 500 |
| 1888/89 | 11 | 500 | 551.82 | 450 | 610 | 500 |
| 1889/90 | 11 | 500 | 551.82 | 450 | 610 | 500 |
| 1890/91 | 11 | 500 | 551.82 | 450 | 610 | 500 |
| 1891/92 | 12 | 500 | 522.5 | 400 | 605 | 500 |
| 1892/93 | 11 | 500 | 551.82 | 450 | 685 | 500 |
| 1893/94 | 13 | 500 | 536.15 | 400 | 620 | 500 |
| 1894/95 | 11 | 500 | 524.55 | 450 | 610 | 500 |
| 1895/96 | 11 | 500 | 550 | 450 | 675 | 500 |
| 1896/97 | 10 | 520 | 519 | 425 | 637.5 | 500 |
| 1897/98 | 9 | 500 | 485.56 | 400 | 540 | 500 |
| 1898/99 | 11 | 540 | 507.27 | 400 | 600 | 500 |
| 1899/1900 | 8 | 545 | 557.5 | 400 | 617.5 | 500 |
| 1900/01 | 8 | 480 | 472.5 | 400 | 562.5 | 500 |
| 1901/02 | 9 | 420 | 531.11 | 400 | 550 | 500 |
| 1902/03 | 7 | 420 | 430 | 400 | 520 | 500 |
| 1903/04 | 9 | 500 | 463.89 | 400 | 500 | 475 |
| 1904/05 | 6 | 450 | 445.83 | 400 | 500 | 450 |
| 1905/06 | 6 | 500 | 550 | 500 | 575 | 475 |
| 1906/07 | 2 | 462.5 | 462.5 | 443.75 | 481.25 | 450 |
| 1907/08 | 1 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 300 |
| 1908/09 | 1 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 350 |
Salaries are nominal monthly amounts in kuruş, as assigned. The thick line is the median of each year and the thin line the mean. A year with fewer than 5 recorded salaries is drawn as an open mark and is not joined to the line.
Pay against the whole collection
28 officials with a salary, each counted once in the band of the median of the official's salaries in this job. A bar runs from its number to the next; the last is 2,500 kuruş and more. Most officials (54%) are in the band 500 to 750 kuruş.
The same numbers as a table
| Median monthly salary, kuruş | Officials | Share | Whole collection |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 to 100 | 0 | 0% | 3% |
| 100 to 200 | 0 | 0% | 10% |
| 200 to 300 | 2 | 7% | 17% |
| 300 to 400 | 1 | 4% | 18% |
| 400 to 500 | 6 | 21% | 17% |
| 500 to 750 | 15 | 54% | 23% |
| 750 to 1,000 | 4 | 14% | 5% |
| 1,000 to 1,500 | 0 | 0% | 4% |
| 1,500 to 2,500 | 0 | 0% | 2% |
| 2,500 and more | 0 | 0% | 1% |
The median of the 344 recorded monthly salaries of this job is 500 kuruş. In the same years the whole collection paid a median of 500 kuruş. The median entry paid 1× the collection median of its year, and the middle half of the entries between 0.8× and 1.2×. On average an official of this job was paid more than 46% of the other paid officials of the same year.
The dot is the median, the box the middle half of the entries. Dashed lines: the collection median of the same years (1×) and the middle of the paid officials (50%).
Where the job was held
| Place | Officials | Remark |
|---|---|---|
| Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 5 | |
| Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 4 | |
| Beyoğlu | 3 | |
| Diyarbakır | 3 | |
| Ioannina (Yanya) | 3 | |
| Konya | 3 | |
| Kosova | 3 | |
| Van | 3 | |
| Aleppo (Halep) | 2 | |
| Baghdad (Bağdat) | 2 |
Career paths: the titles just before and after
The number is the officials who made the move. Under it, the median change of the monthly salary: the first salary of the later title less the last salary of the earlier one, where at least 5 moves have both.
Held just before
The title of the entries just before a run of Makine Memuru. Pay: the change on moving from that title to Makine Memuru. The 5 titles with most officials, of 9 moves in all.
Held just after
The title of the entries just after a run of Makine Memuru. Pay: the change on moving from Makine Memuru to that title. The 2 titles with most officials, of 2 moves in all.
Of the 11 moves shown, 1 cross at least one year without an annual entry; nothing is known about those years. Two posts held in the same years are not counted as a move.
Time in the job
- Years with an entry in the job
- 9 yearsmedian over 28 officials
- A quarter of the officials
- 14.25 years or moreupper quartile
- Most years of one official
- 35 years
Years are years with an annual entry in the job, each counted once for an official. They need not follow one another, and nothing is known about a year without an entry. With two posts in the first or last year, both count.
Who held the job
Officials of this jobWhole collection
Community
28 officials with it recorded.
Age at the first annual entry in the job
28 officials with it recorded.
Province of birth
28 officials with it recorded. 3 other values not shown.
Schooling
28 officials with it recorded. An official can have several, so the shares add up to more than 100%. The groups of the schools recorded for each official.
Languages
27 officials with it recorded. An official can have several, so the shares add up to more than 100%.
Qualification
28 officials with it recorded. A diploma, certificate, training or decoration (nişan) recorded in the schooling or the work.
Officials on record each year
The same numbers as a table
| Year | Officials on record | First recorded | Annual entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1857/58 (AH 1274) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 1858/59 (AH 1275) | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 1859/60 (AH 1276) | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 1860/61 (AH 1277) | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 1861/62 (AH 1278) | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 1862/63 (AH 1279) | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 1863/64 (AH 1280) | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| 1864/65 (AH 1281) | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 1865/66 (AH 1282) | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 1866/67 (AH 1283) | 3 | 1 | 3 |
| 1867/68 (AH 1284) | 4 | 1 | 4 |
| 1868/69 (AH 1285) | 6 | 2 | 6 |
| 1869/70 (AH 1286) | 6 | 1 | 6 |
| 1870/71 (AH 1287) | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 1871/72 (AH 1288) | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 1872/73 (AH 1289) | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 1873/74 (AH 1290) | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 1874/75 (AH 1291) | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 1875/76 (AH 1292) | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 1876/77 (AH 1293) | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| 1877/78 (AH 1294) | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| 1878 (AH 1295) | 6 | 1 | 6 |
| 1878/79 (AH 1296) | 7 | 1 | 7 |
| 1879/80 (AH 1297) | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 1880/81 (AH 1298) | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 1881/82 (AH 1299) | 9 | 2 | 9 |
| 1882/83 (AH 1300) | 9 | 0 | 9 |
| 1883/84 (AH 1301) | 9 | 0 | 9 |
| 1884/85 (AH 1302) | 9 | 0 | 9 |
| 1885/86 (AH 1303) | 9 | 0 | 9 |
| 1886/87 (AH 1304) | 9 | 0 | 9 |
| 1887/88 (AH 1305) | 10 | 1 | 10 |
| 1888/89 (AH 1306) | 11 | 1 | 11 |
| 1889/90 (AH 1307) | 11 | 0 | 11 |
| 1890/91 (AH 1308) | 11 | 0 | 11 |
| 1891/92 (AH 1309) | 12 | 1 | 12 |
| 1892/93 (AH 1310) | 11 | 1 | 11 |
| 1893/94 (AH 1311) | 13 | 2 | 13 |
| 1894/95 (AH 1312) | 11 | 0 | 11 |
| 1895/96 (AH 1313) | 11 | 3 | 11 |
| 1896/97 (AH 1314) | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| 1897/98 (AH 1315) | 9 | 1 | 9 |
| 1898/99 (AH 1316) | 11 | 2 | 11 |
| 1899/1900 (AH 1317) | 8 | 0 | 8 |
| 1900/01 (AH 1318) | 8 | 1 | 8 |
| 1901/02 (AH 1319) | 9 | 1 | 9 |
| 1902/03 (AH 1320) | 7 | 0 | 7 |
| 1903/04 (AH 1321) | 9 | 2 | 9 |
| 1904/05 (AH 1322) | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 1905/06 (AH 1323) | 6 | 1 | 6 |
| 1906/07 (AH 1324) | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 1907/08 (AH 1325) | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 1908/09 (AH 1326) | 1 | 0 | 1 |
An official is counted once in a year. First recorded is the first year in which the collection has an annual entry of the official on this page. It is not a hiring date.
Places
| Place | Province | Officials | Annual entries | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Istanbul (Dersaadet) | Istanbul (Dersaadet) province | 5 | 64 | 1857 to 1904 |
| Thessaloniki (Selanik) | Thessaloniki (Selanik) province | 4 | 16 | 1881 to 1897 |
| Diyarbakır | Diyarbakır province | 3 | 44 | 1867 to 1909 |
| Konya | Konya province | 3 | 38 | 1869 to 1906 |
| Beyoğlu | Istanbul (Dersaadet) province | 3 | 25 | 1881 to 1907 |
| Ioannina (Yanya) | Ioannina (Yanya) province | 3 | 20 | 1878 to 1904 |
| Van | Van province | 3 | 16 | 1887 to 1901 |
| Kosova | Kosovo (Kosova) province | 3 | 8 | 1890 to 1898 |
| Aleppo (Halep) | Aleppo (Halep) province | 2 | 37 | 1869 to 1906 |
| Izmir (İzmir) | Aydın province | 2 | 22 | 1878 to 1903 |
| Sivas | Sivas province | 2 | 13 | 1891 to 1905 |
| Baghdad (Bağdat) | Baghdad (Bağdat) province | 2 | 8 | 1868 to 1895 |
| Beirut (Beyrut) | Beirut (Beyrut) province | 1 | 11 | 1881 to 1892 |
| Ruse (Rusçuk) | Danube (Tuna) province | 1 | 11 | 1869 to 1879 |
| Trabzon | Trabzon province | 1 | 4 | 1893 to 1897 |
| Suriye | Syria (Suriye) province | 1 | 3 | 1903 to 1906 |
| Aydın | Aydın province | 1 | 1 | 1903/04 |
| Edirne | Edirne province | 1 | 1 | 1886/87 |
| Yemen | Yemen province | 1 | 1 | 1901/02 |
| Üsküdar | Istanbul (Dersaadet) province | 1 | 1 | 1868/69 |
Ottoman officials recorded
28 officials, the one with most annual entries first. The first 25 are shown, the others are under them.
Show the other 3 officials
| Official | Years | Annual entries | Kuruş a month | Birthplace |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mehmet Cemal Efendi | 1868/69 | 1 | 750 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Unnamed official (0094_15; 27) | 1878 to 1895 | 18 | 400 to 620 | Istanbul (Dersaadet) |
| Unnamed official (0067_0244; sayfa no:485) | 1893 to 1906 | 13 | 400 to 500 | Harput |
Years run from the first to the last annual entry. An official without a recorded name is listed after the named officials.
How to read these records: years and calendars, what first recorded means, gaps between annual entries, and salaries.
Subjects
- Machine official (Makine Memuru)
- Ottoman job titles (Osmanlı memuriyet unvanları)
- Labour history (emek tarihi)
- Salaries of officials (memur maaşları)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)