Official
Mahmut Hamdi Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Thessaloniki (Selanik) in 1876/77 (AH 1293). On record 1893 to 1901, 8 annual entries.
Archive reference 70_110; 217
Life#
Mahmut Hamdi Efendi was born in Thessaloniki (Selanik) in 1876/77 (AH 1293) into the Muslim (Müslüman) community; the father was a tradesman (esnaf). Schooling took seven years, at a middle school (Rüşdiye Mektebi); Mahmut Hamdi also wrote French as well as Turkish and held a qualification (a diploma, certificate, training or decoration).
At about 17, in 1893/94, Mahmut Hamdi began work in Thessaloniki, with half a year without pay as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 300 kuruş. The first annual entry, for 1893/94, places Mahmut Hamdi in Serres (Siroz) as a communications official (Muhabere Memuru). The last posts were in Thessaloniki, the birthplace, from 1894 to 1901.
Pay rose from 300 kuruş a month in 1893/94 to a peak of 420 in 1900/01, as an official for foreign communications (Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti) in Thessaloniki, when 42 per cent of paid officials earned less. Over eight years the salaries add up to 32,580 kuruş, 67 per cent of what an official on the median salary earned. The final annual entry is for 1900/01.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1876/77 (AH 1293); First work 1893/94 (AH 1311)
1894 to 1901 (AH 1312 to 1318)
Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
285 to 420 kuruş a month; entries in 7 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1893/94 | 300 | 500 | 400 | 17% |
| 1894/95 | 285 | 500 | 500 | 16% |
| 1895/96 | 285 | 500 | 500 | 16% |
| 1896/97 | 285 | 500 | 495 | 17% |
| 1897/98 | 380 | 500 | 480 | 29% |
| 1898/99 | 380 | 500 | 495 | 28% |
| 1899/1900 | 380 | 500 | 500 | 27% |
| 1900/01 | 420 | 500 | 500 | 42% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1893/94AH 1311 | First work | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 300first-salary field |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | Muhabere Memuru | Serres (Siroz) | 300 |
| 1894 to 1901AH 1312 to 1318 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 285 to 420 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1876/77 (AH 1293)
- Birthplace
- Thessaloniki (Selanik)
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
- Father's occupation
- Esnaf
Education
- Rüşdiye
- Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 0.5 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Middle
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- Yes
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- French
- Kitabetwriting
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1893/94 (AH 1311)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 300
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 116 officials with entries in Thessaloniki (Selanik) in the same years, Mahmut Hamdi Efendi had the 95th highest salary.
- Esad Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Salih Vasfi Bey7 shared years; highest salary 900 kuruş
- Berdos [Bedros] Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Mehmet Amil Bey7 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Ömer Fevzi Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 309 officials with the title Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti in the same years, Mahmut Hamdi Efendi had the 244th highest salary.
- Mehmet Cemal Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 1,650 kuruş
- Hasan Şevket Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Israti Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Melkon Berhadar Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Mehmet Naşit Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 1,350 kuruş
All 605 officials with the title Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
Same school
Of the 3,206 officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi among their schools, 3,200 have a recorded salary; Mahmut Hamdi Efendi had the 1,718th highest salary of them.
- Abdullah Efendiborn 1876/77 (AH 1293); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Abdullah Faik Efendiborn 1876/77 (AH 1293); highest salary 250 kuruş
- Ahmet Cemil Efendiborn 1876/77 (AH 1293); highest salary 350 kuruş
- Ahmet Faik Efendiborn 1876/77 (AH 1293); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Ahmet Feyzi Efendiborn 1876/77 (AH 1293); highest salary 720 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 65 officials born in Thessaloniki (Selanik), Mahmut Hamdi Efendi had the 43rd highest salary.
- Halil Vehbi Efendiborn 1875/76 (AH 1292); highest salary 540 kuruş
- İsmail Hakkı Efendiborn 1875/76 (AH 1292); highest salary 460 kuruş
- Unnamed official (0067_0231; sayfa no:459)born 1875/76 (AH 1292); highest salary 950 kuruş
- Abdi Nazım Efendiborn 1877/78 (AH 1294); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Unnamed official (0087_0149, sayfa no:295.)born 1877/78 (AH 1294); highest salary 400 kuruş
The page of Thessaloniki (Selanik), with the 65 officials born there
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 162 officials whose first annual entry is for 1893/94 (AH 1311), Mahmut Hamdi Efendi had the 112th highest salary.
- Abdullah Faik Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 250 kuruş
- Hasan Rıza Efendifirst entry in Üsküdar; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Hasan Vehbi Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 160 kuruş
- Hüseyin Avni Efendifirst entry in Bursa; highest salary 300 kuruş
- Mehmet Ali Efendifirst entry in Yakube; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (8)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1893/94AH 1311 | Muhabere Memuru | Serres (Siroz) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 70_110; 217 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 285 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 70_110; 217 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 285 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 70_110; 217 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 285 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 70_110; 217 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 70_110; 217 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 70_110; 217 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 70_110; 217 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Thessaloniki (Selanik) | 420 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 70_110; 217 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (14)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Mahmut Hamdi Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1293 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | selanik | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | selanik | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | Esnaf | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Rusdiye Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 7 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 0.5 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1311 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1893 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Selanik | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 300 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 8 annual entries of 8 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Mahmut Hamdi Efendi
- Post of official for foreign communications (Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti)
- Thessaloniki (Selanik)
- Rüşdiye school (Rüşdiye Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Communications official (Muhabere Memuru)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)