Official
Mahmut Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Damascus (Şam) in 1877/78 (AH 1294). On record 1895 to 1902, 7 annual entries.
Archive reference 0068_0150; 297
Life#
Born in Damascus (Şam) in 1877/78 (AH 1294) into the Muslim (Müslüman) community, Mahmut Efendi was the child of a tradesman (esnaf). Mahmut had seven years of schooling, at a middle school (Rüşdiye Mektebi), and wrote Arabic as well as Turkish.
Work began in Damascus in 1892/93, at about 16, with three unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 400 kuruş. The first annual entry, for 1895/96, places Mahmut in Al-Karak (Kerek) as a postal official (Posta Memuru). The annual lists then follow Mahmut to Aleppo (Halep) from 1896 to 1901. The last post was in Jaffa (Yafa) in 1901/02.
The salary never rose above the first in the lists, 400 kuruş a month in 1895/96, as Posta Memuru in Al-Karak, when 30 per cent of paid officials earned less. The final annual entry is for 1901/02.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1877/78 (AH 1294); First work 1892/93 (AH 1310)
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1895/96 | 400 | 500 | 352.5 | 30% |
| 1896/97 | 400 | 500 | 400 | 32% |
| 1897/98 | 400 | 500 | 400 | 32% |
| 1898/99 | 400 | 500 | 400 | 31% |
| 1899/1900 | 400 | 500 | 400 | 31% |
| 1900/01 | 400 | 500 | 400 | 31% |
| 1901/02 | 400 | 500 | 400 | 32% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1892/93AH 1310 | First work | Damascus (Şam) | 400first-salary field |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Posta Memuru | Al-Karak (Kerek) | 400 |
| 1896 to 1901AH 1314 to 1318 | Muhabere Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 400 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | Posta Memuru | Jaffa (Yafa) | 400 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1877/78 (AH 1294)
- Birthplace
- Damascus (Şam)
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
- Father's occupation
- Esnaf
Education
- Rüşdiye
- Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 3 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- No
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Arabic
- Kitabetwriting
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1892/93 (AH 1310)
- Place
- Damascus (Şam)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 400
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 52 officials with entries in Aleppo (Halep) in the same years, Mahmut Efendi had the 38th highest salary.
- Kostantin De Martin Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Yusuf Vasfi Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- İsmail Nuri Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Ahmet Salih Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 900 kuruş
- Osman Hilmi Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 900 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 1,191 officials with the title Muhabere Memuru in the same years, Mahmut Efendi had the 838th highest salary.
- Mehmet Arif Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 3,600 kuruş
- Mehmet Hulusi Bey5 shared years; highest salary 2,600 kuruş
- Ahmet Hamdi Bey5 shared years; highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Ali Galip Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Mustafa Fazıl Bey5 shared years; highest salary 1,700 kuruş
Same school
Of the 3,206 officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi among their schools, 3,200 have a recorded salary; Mahmut Efendi had the 1,725th highest salary of them.
- Abdi Nazım Efendiborn 1877/78 (AH 1294); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Abdülaziz Fikri Efendiborn 1877/78 (AH 1294); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Abdülkerim Efendiborn 1877/78 (AH 1294); highest salary 100 kuruş
- Abdullah Efendiborn 1877/78 (AH 1294); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Ahmet Efendiborn 1877/78 (AH 1294); highest salary 800 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 59 officials born in Damascus (Şam), Mahmut Efendi had the 31st highest salary.
- Elyaho Romanoborn 1877/78 (AH 1294); highest salary 500 kuruş
- İlyaho Romanov Efendiborn 1877/78 (AH 1294); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Mehmet Ali Efendiborn 1876/77 (AH 1293); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Mehmet Arif Efendiborn 1876/77 (AH 1293); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Mehmet Resmi Efendiborn 1876/77 (AH 1293); highest salary 500 kuruş
The page of Damascus (Şam), with the 59 officials born there
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 183 officials whose first annual entry is for 1895/96 (AH 1313), 182 have a recorded salary; Mahmut Efendi had the 95th highest salary of them.
- Abdülaziz Fikri Efendifirst entry in Pasinler (Hasankale); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Abdullah Efendifirst entry in Trabzon; highest salary 400 kuruş
- Ahmet Hâdi Efendifirst entry in Gelibolu; highest salary 500 kuruş
- Ahmet Hamdi Efendifirst entry in Kayseri; highest salary 500 kuruş
- Ahmet Münim Efendifirst entry in Üsküdar; highest salary 400 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (7)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Posta Memuru | Al-Karak (Kerek) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0068_0150; 297 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Muhabere Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0068_0150; 297 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Muhabere Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0068_0150; 297 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Muhabere Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0068_0150; 297 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | Muhabere Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0068_0150; 297 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Muhabere Memuru | Aleppo (Halep) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0068_0150; 297 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | Posta Memuru | Jaffa (Yafa) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0068_0150; 297 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (14)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Mahmut Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1294 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | sam | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | suriye | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | Esnaf | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Rusdiye Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 7 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 3 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1310 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1892 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | sam | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 400 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 7 annual entries of 7 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Mahmut Efendi
- Communications official (Muhabere Memuru)
- Aleppo (Halep)
- Damascus (Şam)
- Rüşdiye school (Rüşdiye Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)