Official
Mehmet Murad Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Istanbul (Dersaadet) in 1860/61 (AH 1277). On record 1878 to 1907, 29 annual entries.
Archive reference 5_50; 97
Life#
Born in Istanbul in 1860/61 (AH 1277), Mehmet Murad Efendi came from the Muslim (Müslüman) community; the father was an army major (binbaşı). Mehmet Murad had seven years of schooling, at a middle school (Rüşdiye Mektebi).
At about 15, in 1875/76, Mehmet Murad began work in Istanbul, with four unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 100 kuruş. The annual lists begin in 1878/79, with Mehmet Murad in the office of the corresponding secretary (Mektubi Kalemi) in Üsküdar, where the entries run to 1882/83. From 1883 to 1907 the annual entries place Mehmet Murad in Istanbul, the birthplace, first in the Eşya Kalemi, from 1896/97 in the council clerkship (Meclis Kitabeti) and from 1900/01 in the goods and stores office (Eşya Kalemi).
Pay rose from 100 kuruş a month in 1878/79 to a peak of 700 in 1904/05, in the Eşya Kalemi in Istanbul, when three in four paid officials earned less. In all, 29 years of salary come to 156,816 kuruş, about what an official on the median salary earned in those years. The final annual entry is for 1906/07.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1860/61 (AH 1277); First work 1875/76 (AH 1292)
1883 to 1907 (AH 1301 to 1324)
Eşya Kalemi 1883 to 1907 (AH 1301 to 1324); Meclis Kitabeti 1896 to 1900 (AH 1314 to 1317)
300 to 700 kuruş a month; entries in 24 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1878/79 | 100 | 600 | 400 | 0% |
| 1879/80 | 95 | 500 | 380 | 0% |
| 1880/81 | 95 | 500 | 380 | 0% |
| 1881/82 | 95 | 500 | 450 | 0% |
| 1882/83 | 300 | 500 | 475 | 11% |
| 1883/84 | 300 | 500 | 450 | 12% |
| 1884/85 | 300 | 500 | 500 | 11% |
| 1885/86 | 300 | 500 | 500 | 12% |
| 1886/87 | 300 | 500 | 500 | 11% |
| 1887/88 | 300 | 500 | 500 | 11% |
| 1888/89 | 360 | 500 | 587.5 | 20% |
| 1889/90 | 435 | 500 | 575 | 38% |
| 1890/91 | 435 | 500 | 575 | 39% |
| 1891/92 | 435 | 500 | 575 | 40% |
| 1892/93 | 535 | 500 | 575 | 57% |
| 1893/94 | 535 | 500 | 575 | 58% |
| 1894/95 | 535 | 500 | 575 | 58% |
| 1895/96 | 585 | 500 | 575 | 59% |
| 1896/97 | 526 | 500 | 60% | |
| 1897/98 | 526 | 500 | 200 | 61% |
| 1898/99 | 626 | 500 | 220 | 74% |
| 1899/1900 | 650 | 500 | 137.5 | 74% |
| 1900/01 | 650 | 500 | 604 | 73% |
| 1901/02 | 650 | 500 | 604 | 73% |
| 1902/03 | 650 | 500 | 604 | 73% |
| 1903/04 | 650 | 475 | 650 | 73% |
| 1904/05 | 700 | 450 | 350 | 75% |
| 1905/06 | 700 | 475 | 300 | 73% |
| 1906/07 | 700 | 450 | 300 | 72% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1875/76AH 1292 | First work | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 100first-salary field |
| 1878 to 1883AH 1296 to 1300 | Mektubi Kalemi | Üsküdar | 100 to 300 |
| 1883 to 1896AH 1301 to 1313 | Eşya Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 300 to 585 |
| 1896 to 1900AH 1314 to 1317 | Meclis Kitabeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 526 to 650 |
| 1900 to 1907AH 1318 to 1324 | Eşya Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 650 to 700 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1860/61 (AH 1277)
- Birthplace
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
- Father's occupation
- Binbasi
Education
- Rüşdiye
- Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 4 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- No
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1875/76 (AH 1292)
- Place
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 100
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 1,349 officials with entries in Istanbul in the same years, Mehmet Murad Efendi had the 549th highest salary.
- Suleyman Resat Bey24 shared years; highest salary 7,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Hayri Bey24 shared years; highest salary 5,500 kuruş
- Melkok Efendi24 shared years; highest salary 5,000 kuruş
- Unnamed official (0007_0144; 285)24 shared years; highest salary 2,750 kuruş
- Salih Tevfik Efendi24 shared years; highest salary 2,600 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 14 officials with the title Eşya Kalemi in the same years, Mehmet Murad Efendi had the 6th highest salary.
- Hüsnü Efendi20 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Mustafa İsmet Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 2,000 kuruş
- Ahmet Hamdi Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 1,100 kuruş
- Ali Neşet Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 250 kuruş
- Mehmet Hayri Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
Same school
Of the 3,206 officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi among their schools, 3,200 have a recorded salary; Mehmet Murad Efendi had the 729th highest salary of them.
- Abbas Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 810 kuruş
- Abdulkerim Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 900 kuruş
- Abdullah Kemali Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 700 kuruş
- Abdullah Sevki Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 640 kuruş
- Ahmet Bican Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 450 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 1,999 officials born in Istanbul, 1,997 have a recorded salary; Mehmet Murad Efendi had the 704th highest salary of them.
- Abdullah Şemsettin Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 650 kuruş
- Ahmet Nurettin Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 150 kuruş
- Andon İzekiyan Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Andon Yaldızyan Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Antuan Teofilidi Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 600 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 58 officials whose first annual entry is for 1878/79 (AH 1296), Mehmet Murad Efendi had the 27th highest salary.
- Mahmut Naci Efendifirst entry in Üsküdar; highest salary 780 kuruş
- Abdulkerim Efendifirst entry in Korçë (Görice); highest salary 900 kuruş
- Abdullah Sevki Efendifirst entry in Yalvaç; highest salary 640 kuruş
- Ahmet Rıfat Efendifirst entry in Thessaloniki (Selanik); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Ahmet Sadettin Efendifirst entry in Gelibolu; highest salary 225 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (29)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1878/79AH 1296 | Mektubi Kalemi | Üsküdar | 100 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1879/80AH 1297 | Mektubi Kalemi | Üsküdar | 95 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1880/81AH 1298 | Mektubi Kalemi | Üsküdar | 95 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1881/82AH 1299 | Mektubi Kalemi | Üsküdar | 95 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | Mektubi Kalemi | Üsküdar | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1883/84AH 1301 | Eşya Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | Eşya Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | Eşya Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | Eşya Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | Eşya Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | Eşya Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 360 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | Eşya Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 435 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | Eşya Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 435 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | Eşya Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 435 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | Eşya Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 535 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | Eşya Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 535 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | Eşya Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 535 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Eşya Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 585 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Meclis Kitabeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 526 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Meclis Kitabeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 526 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Meclis Kitabeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 626 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | Meclis Kitabeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 650 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Eşya Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 650 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | Eşya Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 650 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | Eşya Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 650 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | Eşya Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 650 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | Eşya Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 700 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1905/06AH 1323 | Eşya Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 700 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
| 1906/07AH 1324 | Eşya Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 700 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 5_50; 97 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (14)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Mehmet Murad Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1277 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | Binbasi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Rusdiye Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 7 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1292 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1875 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | istanbul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 100 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 28 annual entries of 29 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Mehmet Murad Efendi
- Goods and stores office (Eşya Kalemi)
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Rüşdiye school (Rüşdiye Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Office of the corresponding secretary (Mektubi Kalemi)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)