Official
Yakub Sitki Efendi
Armenian Christian (Ermeni). Born in Amarah (Amare) in 1873/74 (AH 1290). On record 1896 to 1902, 6 annual entries.
Archive reference 103_9_15
Life#
Born in Amarah (Amare) in 1873/74 (AH 1290) into the Armenian Christian (Ermeni) community, Yakub Sitki Efendi was the child of a member of a court (mahkeme azası). Schooling took four years, at a community school (Millet Mektebi); Yakub Sitki also wrote Arabic as well as Turkish and spoke French.
Work began in Baghdad (Bağdat) in 1889/90, at about 16, with seven unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 400 kuruş. Of the 5,142 officials with a known apprenticeship, fewer than 6 per cent worked unpaid for seven years or longer. From 1896/97 to 1901/02 every annual entry places Yakub Sitki in Baghdad, first as a communications official (Muhabere Memuru), from 1900/01 as a travelling postal official (Seyyar Memur).
Pay rose from 200 kuruş a month in 1896/97 to a peak of 500 in 1900/01, as Seyyar Memur in Baghdad, when 47 per cent of paid officials earned less. In all, six years of salary come to 24,240 kuruş, 67 per cent of what an official on the median salary earned in those years. The final annual entry is for 1901/02.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1873/74 (AH 1290)
First work 1889/90 (AH 1307); 1896 to 1902 (AH 1314 to 1319)
Muhabere Memuru 1896 to 1900 (AH 1314 to 1317); Seyyar Memur 1900 to 1902 (AH 1318 to 1319)
200 to 500 kuruş a month; entries in 6 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1896/97 | 200 | 500 | 400 | 8% |
| 1897/98 | 250 | 500 | 400 | 14% |
| 1898/99 | 285 | 500 | 400 | 18% |
| 1899/1900 | 285 | 500 | 400 | 17% |
| 1900/01 | 500 | 500 | 600 | 47% |
| 1901/02 | 500 | 500 | 600 | 49% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1889/90AH 1307 | First work | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 400first-salary field |
| 1896 to 1900AH 1314 to 1317 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 200 to 285 |
| 1900 to 1902AH 1318 to 1319 | Seyyar Memur | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 500 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1873/74 (AH 1290)
- Birthplace
- Amarah (Amare)
- Community
- Armenian Christian (Ermeni)
- Nationality as recorded
- Ermeni
- Father's occupation
- Mahkeme Azasi
Education
- Community school
- Millet Mektebi (4 years)community school (school of a non-Muslim community)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 7 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Arabic
- Kitabetwriting
- French
- Tekellumspeaking
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1889/90 (AH 1307)
- Place
- Baghdad (Bağdat)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 400
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 54 officials with entries in Baghdad (Bağdat) in the same years, Yakub Sitki Efendi had the 34th highest salary.
- Bekir Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 2,700 kuruş
- Unnamed official (0049_0040; 77)6 shared years; highest salary 1,350 kuruş
- Abdülbaki Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Sason Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Said Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 1,094 officials with the title Muhabere Memuru in the same years, Yakub Sitki Efendi had the 518th highest salary.
- Mehmet Arif Efendi4 shared years; highest salary 3,600 kuruş
- Mehmet Hulusi Bey4 shared years; highest salary 2,600 kuruş
- Ahmet Hamdi Bey4 shared years; highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Ali Galip Efendi4 shared years; highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Mustafa Fazıl Bey4 shared years; highest salary 1,700 kuruş
Same school
Of the 263 officials with Millet Mektebi among their schools, Yakub Sitki Efendi had the 115th highest salary.
- Dikran Papazyan Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Dikran Vartanyan Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Dimtoni Vasilyadis Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 250 kuruş
- Hanna Afif Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 500 kuruş
- İsak Behor Efendiborn 1873/74 (AH 1290); highest salary 500 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 3 officials born in Amarah (Amare), Yakub Sitki Efendi had the highest salary.
- Fütuhi Efendiborn 1878/79 (AH 1296); highest salary 250 kuruş
- İlyas Hayri Efendiborn 1886/87 (AH 1304); highest salary 300 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 164 officials whose first annual entry is for 1896/97 (AH 1314), 163 have a recorded salary; Yakub Sitki Efendi had the 54th highest salary of them.
- Abdullah Efendifirst entry in Baghdad (Bağdat); highest salary 460 kuruş
- Mehmet Vehbi Efendifirst entry in Baghdad (Bağdat); highest salary 380 kuruş
- Şekerciyan Ohannes Aram Efendifirst entry in Baghdad (Bağdat); highest salary 680 kuruş
- Cafer Sadık Efendifirst entry in Berat; highest salary 380 kuruş
- Hafiz Salih Efendifirst entry in Bitola (Manastır); highest salary 400 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (6)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_9_15 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_9_15 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 285 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_9_15 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 285 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_9_15 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Seyyar Memur | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_9_15 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | Seyyar Memur | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 103_9_15 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (14)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Yakub Sitki Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1290 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | amare | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | basra | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | Mahkeme Azasi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Hristiyan | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Ermeni | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Millet Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 7 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1307 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1890 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Bagdat | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 400 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 6 annual entries of 6 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Yakub Sitki Efendi
- Communications official (Muhabere Memuru)
- Baghdad (Bağdat)
- Amarah (Amare)
- Community school (Millet Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Armenian Christian (Ermeni)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)