Official
Mahmut Aziz Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Istanbul (Dersaadet) in 1837/38 (AH 1253). On record 1854 to 1883, 28 annual entries. Death recorded 1883/84.
Archive reference 3_6; 10
Life#
Mahmut Aziz Efendi was born in Istanbul in 1837/38 (AH 1253) into the Muslim (Müslüman) community; the father was a tax farmer (mültezim). Schooling took seven years, at a middle school (Rüşdiye Mektebi); Mahmut Aziz also wrote Turkish and had some knowledge of Arabic and Persian, and held a qualification (a diploma, certificate, training or decoration).
At about 15, in 1851/52, Mahmut Aziz began work in the Muhasebe Kalemi in Istanbul, with one unpaid year as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 60 kuruş. Every annual entry from 1854/55 to 1882/83 places Mahmut Aziz in Istanbul, the birthplace, with five changes of title, from Tersane-i Amire Muhasebe Kalemi to chief director (Başmüdür) in 1880/81.
Pay rose from 60 kuruş a month in 1854/55 to a peak of 3,500 in 1875/76, as PT Umum Mufettisi in Istanbul, when 98 per cent of paid officials earned less. Over 28 years the salaries add up to 759,120 kuruş, 4.2 times what an official on the median salary earned, a level reached by fewer than 3 per cent of the 3,805 officials paid for five years or more. Pay rose to 58.3 times the first salary; only 20 of the 2,859 officials paid for ten years or more rose as far. After the last annual entry, for 1882/83, the list of 1883/84 (AH 1301) gives the status word Vefat (death).
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary, and the median of the same province for the years in which at least 5 officials were paid in the province of the official's salary that year.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Median, same province | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1854/55 | 60 | 400 | 265 | 8% | |
| 1855/56 | 250 | 432.5 | 350 | 23% | |
| 1856/57 | 250 | 375 | 400 | 250 | 29% |
| 1857/58 | 500 | 475 | 400 | 400 | 50% |
| 1858/59 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 250 | 50% |
| 1860/61 | 1,000 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 66% |
| 1861/62 | 1,000 | 600 | 500 | 500 | 61% |
| 1862/63 | 1,500 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 79% |
| 1863/64 | 1,500 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 79% |
| 1864/65 | 1,900 | 625 | 2,000 | 560 | 86% |
| 1865/66 | 1,900 | 650 | 1,825 | 600 | 88% |
| 1866/67 | 2,200 | 600 | 2,200 | 500 | 91% |
| 1867/68 | 2,200 | 600 | 2,060 | 576 | 92% |
| 1868/69 | 2,800 | 600 | 1,960 | 500 | 95% |
| 1869/70 | 2,800 | 600 | 520 | 95% | |
| 1870/71 | 3,400 | 600 | 500 | 96% | |
| 1871/72 | 3,400 | 550 | 500 | 97% | |
| 1872/73 | 3,400 | 550 | 550 | 97% | |
| 1873/74 | 3,400 | 500 | 500 | 98% | |
| 1874/75 | 3,400 | 535 | 522.5 | 98% | |
| 1875/76 | 3,500 | 530 | 550 | 98% | |
| 1876/77 | 3,500 | 582.5 | 587.5 | 98% | |
| 1877/78 | 3,500 | 560 | 600 | 98% | |
| 1878 | 3,500 | 600 | 600 | 97% | |
| 1878/79 | 3,500 | 600 | 600 | 97% | |
| 1880/81 | 2,800 | 500 | 2,400 | 500 | 97% |
| 1881/82 | 2,800 | 500 | 2,400 | 500 | 97% |
| 1882/83 | 2,800 | 500 | 2,400 | 500 | 97% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1851/52AH 1268 | Muhasebe Kalemifirst work | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 60first-salary field |
| 1854/55AH 1271 | Tersane-i Amire Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 60 |
| 1855 to 1859AH 1272 to 1275 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 250 to 500 |
| No annual entry: 1859/60 (AH 1276) | |||
| 1860 to 1864AH 1277 to 1280 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,000 to 1,500 |
| 1864 to 1869AH 1281 to 1285 | Müdür | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,900 to 2,800 |
| 1869 to 1875AH 1286 to 1291 | PT Umum Mudur Muavini | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 2,800 to 3,400 |
| 1875 to 1879AH 1292 to 1296 | PT Umum Mufettisi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 3,500 |
| No annual entry: 1879/80 (AH 1297) | |||
| 1880 to 1883AH 1298 to 1300 | Başmüdür | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 2,800 |
| 1883/84AH 1301 | Death recorded | ||
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1837/38 (AH 1253)
- Birthplace
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
- Father's occupation
- Multezim
- Death recorded
- 1883/84 (AH 1301)the year of the annual list with the word Vefat, not a date of death
Education
- Rüşdiye
- Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school); place of the school as worded: Suleymaniye
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 1 year
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Middle
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- Yes
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Arabic
- asinafamiliarity
- Persian
- asinafamiliarity
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1851/52 (AH 1268)
- Place
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- First job as worded
- Muhasebe Kalemi
- Age at first work (workbook field)
- 15
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 60
- First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month)
- 60
Notes from the record
- Merit and competence grade (recorded code)
- 1
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same post (job title and place), same years
Of the 16 officials who held Muhabere Memuru in Istanbul in the same years, Mahmut Aziz Efendi had the 5th highest salary.
- Mehmet Tevfik Bey8 shared years; highest salary 4,500 kuruş
- Hasan Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Hüsnü Efendi3 shared years; highest salary 2,600 kuruş
- Mehmet Hayri Bey2 shared years; highest salary 5,500 kuruş
- Mehmet Emin Efendi2 shared years; highest salary 1,875 kuruş
Same place, same years
Of the 608 officials with entries in Istanbul in the same years, Mahmut Aziz Efendi had the 76th highest salary.
- Unnamed official (5_316; 629)28 shared years; highest salary 1,100 kuruş
- Mehmet Ali Efendi28 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Yanko Makridi Efendi24 shared years; highest salary 3,200 kuruş
- Ali Kaya Bey24 shared years; highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Hüseyin Hüsnü Efendi24 shared years; highest salary 1,750 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 97 officials with the title Muhabere Memuru in the same years, Mahmut Aziz Efendi had the 9th highest salary.
- Mehmet Tevfik Bey8 shared years; highest salary 4,500 kuruş
- Odi Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 4,000 kuruş
- Hasan Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Mehmet Tevfik Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 1,300 kuruş
- Galyar İskender Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 2,800 kuruş
Same school
Of the 3,206 officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi among their schools, 3,200 have a recorded salary; Mahmut Aziz Efendi had the 29th highest salary of them.
- Ali Rıza Efendiborn 1837/38 (AH 1253); highest salary 2,000 kuruş
- Mustafa Efendiborn 1837/38 (AH 1253); highest salary 1,200 kuruş
- Nazif Beyborn 1837/38 (AH 1253); highest salary 4,000 kuruş
- Ahmet Emin Beyborn 1836/37 (AH 1252); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Bekir Efendiborn 1836/37 (AH 1252); highest salary 3,500 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 1,999 officials born in Istanbul, 1,997 have a recorded salary; Mahmut Aziz Efendi had the 63rd highest salary of them.
- Ali Kaya Beyborn 1837/38 (AH 1253); highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Ali Riza Efendiborn 1837/38 (AH 1253); highest salary 4,000 kuruş
- Ali Rıza Efendiborn 1837/38 (AH 1253); highest salary 2,000 kuruş
- Anastaş Nikolaidis Efendiborn 1837/38 (AH 1253); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Hasan Efendiborn 1837/38 (AH 1253); highest salary 2,500 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 9 officials whose first annual entry is for 1854/55 (AH 1271), Mahmut Aziz Efendi had the 4th highest salary.
- Mehmet Akif Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Mehmet Ali Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Tevfik Beyfirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 4,500 kuruş
- Unnamed official (5_316; 629)first entry in Istanbul; highest salary 1,100 kuruş
- Hacı Ömer Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 4,000 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (28)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1854/55AH 1271 | Tersane-i Amire Muhasebe Kalemi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 60 | Other | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_6; 10 |
| 1855/56AH 1272 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1856/57AH 1273 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1857/58AH 1274 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1858/59AH 1275 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1860/61AH 1277 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1861/62AH 1278 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1862/63AH 1279 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1863/64AH 1280 | Muhabere Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1864/65AH 1281 | Müdür | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,900 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1865/66AH 1282 | Müdür | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,900 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1866/67AH 1283 | Müdür | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 2,200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1867/68AH 1284 | Müdür | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 2,200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1868/69AH 1285 | Müdür | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 2,800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1869/70AH 1286 | PT Umum Mudur Muavini | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 2,800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1870/71AH 1287 | PT Umum Mudur Muavini | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 3,400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1871/72AH 1288 | PT Umum Mudur Muavini | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 3,400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1872/73AH 1289 | PT Umum Mudur Muavini | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 3,400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1873/74AH 1290 | PT Umum Mudur Muavini | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 3,400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1874/75AH 1291 | PT Umum Mudur Muavini | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 3,400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1875/76AH 1292 | PT Umum Mufettisi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 3,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1876/77AH 1293 | PT Umum Mufettisi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 3,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | PT Umum Mufettisi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 3,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1878AH 1295 | PT Umum Mufettisi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 3,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | PT Umum Mufettisi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 3,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1880/81AH 1298 | Başmüdür | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 2,800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1881/82AH 1299 | Başmüdür | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 2,800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | Başmüdür | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 2,800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_6; 10 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Cross-ministry personnel workbook
- A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (27)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Mahmut Aziz Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Linked personnel workbook |
| Birth year (AH) | 1253 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace | dersaadet used on this page | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | istanbul other value | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: district (kaza) | istanbul | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: sancak | istanbul | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: province (vilayet) | istanbul | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Province of birth | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | Multezim | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Nationality or community | turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Rusdiye Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Place of the school | Suleymaniye | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Years of schooling | 7 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 1 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1268 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Linked personnel workbook |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1852 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | istanbul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: district (kaza) | istanbul | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: sancak | istanbul | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: province (vilayet) | istanbul | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First job as worded | Muhasebe Kalemi | Linked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Age at first work (workbook field) | 15 | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 60 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month) | 60 | Linked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Status | ||
| Death recorded under the year (AH) | 1301 | Earlier annual personnel extract (original copy); Earlier annual personnel extract (parallel copy) |
| Other recorded values | ||
| Merit and competence grade (recorded code) | 1 | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract (original copy)
- A copy of the earlier annual personnel file, read for the title wording of each year. A death taken from it is the status word Vefat in the title field of one annual list: the year is the year of that list, not a date of death.
- Earlier annual personnel extract (parallel copy)
- A second copy of the earlier annual personnel file, read in the same way. A death taken from it is the status word Vefat in the title field of one annual list: the year is the year of that list, not a date of death. Two copies that agree are one piece of evidence, not two.
- Cross-ministry personnel workbook
- A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Linked personnel workbook
- The original personnel workbook, from which selected fields on background and first work are taken.
- The sources give more than one value for a marked field. Every value is listed.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 13 annual entries of 28 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Mahmut Aziz Efendi
- Communications official (Muhabere Memuru)
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Rüşdiye school (Rüşdiye Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- PT Umum Mudur Muavini
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)