Official
Andon Tosunyan Efendi
Armenian Christian (Ermeni). Born in Istanbul (Dersaadet) in 1853/54 (AH 1270). On record 1881 to 1899, 18 annual entries.
Archive reference 0065_0064; 125
Life#
Andon Tosunyan Efendi was born in Istanbul in 1853/54 (AH 1270) into the Armenian Christian (Ermeni) community. Schooling took four years, at an Armenian community school (Ermeni Millet Mektebi); Andon Tosunyan also wrote Armenian, French and Turkish.
Work began in Istanbul in 1878, at about 24, with four unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 380 kuruş. The first annual entry, for 1881/82, places Andon Tosunyan in Beirut (Beyrut) as an official for foreign communications (Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti), where the entries run to 1884/85. Andon Tosunyan then moved to Aleppo (Halep) from 1885 to 1895. The last posts were in Tripoli (Trablusşam) and Beirut from 1895 to 1898 and Latakia (Lazkiye) in 1898/99.
Pay rose from 380 kuruş a month in 1881/82 to a peak of 700 in 1891/92, as Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti in Aleppo, when 73 per cent of paid officials earned less. The final annual entry is for 1898/99.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1853/54 (AH 1270); First work 1878 (AH 1295)
1881 to 1885 (AH 1299 to 1302)
Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
380 to 500 kuruş a month; entries in 4 years
1885 to 1895 (AH 1303 to 1312)
Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
500 to 700 kuruş a month; entries in 10 years
1895 to 1897 (AH 1313 to 1314)
Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
540 to 600 kuruş a month; entries in 2 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1881/82 | 380 | 500 | 500 | 20% |
| 1882/83 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 43% |
| 1883/84 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 43% |
| 1884/85 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 42% |
| 1885/86 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 42% |
| 1886/87 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 42% |
| 1887/88 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 41% |
| 1888/89 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 41% |
| 1889/90 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 42% |
| 1890/91 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 43% |
| 1891/92 | 700 | 500 | 500 | 73% |
| 1892/93 | 700 | 500 | 500 | 73% |
| 1893/94 | 700 | 500 | 500 | 74% |
| 1894/95 | 700 | 500 | 500 | 74% |
| 1895/96 | 600 | 500 | 500 | 59% |
| 1896/97 | 540 | 500 | 495 | 61% |
| 1897/98 | 540 | 500 | 480 | 61% |
| 1898/99 | 540 | 500 | 495 | 61% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1878AH 1295 | First work | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 380first-salary field |
| 1881 to 1885AH 1299 to 1302 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beirut (Beyrut) | 380 to 500 |
| 1885 to 1895AH 1303 to 1312 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Aleppo (Halep) | 500 to 700 |
| 1895 to 1897AH 1313 to 1314 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Tripoli (Trablusşam) | 600 to 540 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beirut (Beyrut) | 540 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Latakia (Lazkiye) | 540 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1853/54 (AH 1270)
- Birthplace
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Community
- Armenian Christian (Ermeni)
- Nationality as recorded
- Ermeni
Education
- Community school
- Ermeni Millet Mektebi (4 years)Armenian community school
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 4 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Armenian
- Kitabetwriting
- French
- Kitabetwriting
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1878 (AH 1295)
- Place
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 380
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 73 officials with entries in Aleppo (Halep) in the same years, Andon Tosunyan Efendi had the 36th highest salary.
- Ohannes Efendi10 shared years; highest salary 750 kuruş
- Mihran Efendi10 shared years; highest salary 700 kuruş
- İskender Efendi9 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- İsmail Nuri Efendi9 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- İbrahim Ethem Efendi8 shared years; highest salary 2,800 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 357 officials with the title Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti in the same years, Andon Tosunyan Efendi had the 173rd highest salary.
- Israti Efendi18 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Melkon Berhadar Efendi18 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Mehmet Rıfat Efendi18 shared years; highest salary 1,250 kuruş
- Acemyan Dikran Efendi18 shared years; highest salary 1,100 kuruş
- Jan Diraço Efendi18 shared years; highest salary 1,100 kuruş
All 605 officials with the title Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
Same school
Of the 86 officials with Ermeni Millet Mektebi among their schools, Andon Tosunyan Efendi had the 38th highest salary.
- Andon Efendiborn 1853/54 (AH 1270); highest salary 900 kuruş
- Kılınççıyan Naşit Efendi Veled-İ Agopborn 1853/54 (AH 1270); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Mihran Efendiborn 1853/54 (AH 1270); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Ramiz Efendiborn 1853/54 (AH 1270); highest salary 540 kuruş
- Kirkor Tütüncüyan Efendiborn 1852/53 (AH 1269); highest salary 500 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 1,999 officials born in Istanbul, 1,997 have a recorded salary; Andon Tosunyan Efendi had the 704th highest salary of them.
- Agop Maryan Efendiborn 1853/54 (AH 1270); highest salary 750 kuruş
- Ahmet Canib Efendiborn 1853/54 (AH 1270); highest salary 590 kuruş
- Ahmet Naim Efendiborn 1853/54 (AH 1270); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Ali Haydar Efendiborn 1853/54 (AH 1270); highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Ali Riza Efendiborn 1853/54 (AH 1270); highest salary 600 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 86 officials whose first annual entry is for 1881/82 (AH 1299), Andon Tosunyan Efendi had the 38th highest salary.
- Yusuf Yaşar Sabit Efendifirst entry in Beirut (Beyrut); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Mehmet İzzet Efendifirst entry in Beirut (Beyrut); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Unnamed official (0067_0243; sayfa no:483.)first entry in Beirut (Beyrut); highest salary 1,250 kuruş
- Ahmet Kadri Efendifirst entry in Kastamonu; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Dikran Efendifirst entry in Aleppo (Halep); highest salary 500 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (18)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1881/82AH 1299 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beirut (Beyrut) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0065_0064; 125 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0065_0064; 125 |
| 1883/84AH 1301 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0065_0064; 125 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beirut (Beyrut) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0065_0064; 125 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Aleppo (Halep) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0065_0064; 125 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Aleppo (Halep) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0065_0064; 125 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Aleppo (Halep) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0065_0064; 125 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Aleppo (Halep) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0065_0064; 125 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Aleppo (Halep) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0065_0064; 125 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Aleppo (Halep) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0065_0064; 125 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Aleppo (Halep) | 700 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0065_0064; 125 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Aleppo (Halep) | 700 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0065_0064; 125 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Aleppo (Halep) | 700 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0065_0064; 125 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Aleppo (Halep) | 700 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0065_0064; 125 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Tripoli (Trablusşam) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0065_0064; 125 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Tripoli (Trablusşam) | 540 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0065_0064; 125 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beirut (Beyrut) | 540 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0065_0064; 125 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Latakia (Lazkiye) | 540 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0065_0064; 125 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (13)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Andon Tosunyan Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1270 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Hristiyan | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Ermeni | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Ermeni Millet Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1295 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1878 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | istanbul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 380 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 18 annual entries of 18 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Andon Tosunyan Efendi
- Post of official for foreign communications (Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti)
- Aleppo (Halep)
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Armenian community school (Ermeni Millet Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Armenian Christian (Ermeni)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)