Official
Mehmet Muhittin Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Istanbul (Dersaadet) in 1870/71 (AH 1287). On record 1895 to 1907, 12 annual entries.
Archive reference 0091_0057: 111
Life#
Born in Istanbul in 1870/71 (AH 1287), Mehmet Muhittin Efendi came from the Muslim (Müslüman) community; the father was a telegraph director (telgraf müdürü). Mehmet Muhittin had 14 years of schooling, at the School of Civil Administration (Mülkiye Mektebi). In all Mehmet Muhittin knew four languages, Armenian, French, Greek (Rum) and Turkish, all in writing; fewer than 5 per cent of the 5,211 officials knew as many.
Mehmet Muhittin began work in Ankara in 1892/93, at about 22, with three unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 200 kuruş. The first annual entry, for 1895/96, places Mehmet Muhittin in Ankara as a communications official (Muhabere Memuru). Mehmet Muhittin then moved to Yozgat, Mudanya, Balya and Heybeliada, four places in nine years, with a rise to official for foreign communications (Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti) in 1896/97 and to director of the third grade (3. Müdür) in 1901/02. The last posts were in Beyoğlu from 1905 to 1907.
The salary went from 200 kuruş a month in 1895/96 to 600 in 1901/02, the peak, as 3. Müdür in Balya, when two in three paid officials earned less. That salary was paid for a single year, and the next list gives 540 kuruş. The last annual entry is for 1906/07.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1870/71 (AH 1287)
First work 1892/93 (AH 1310); 1895/96 (AH 1313)
200 kuruş a month; entries in 1 year
1905 to 1907 (AH 1323 to 1324)
Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
500 to 550 kuruş a month; entries in 2 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1895/96 | 200 | 500 | 400 | 9% |
| 1896/97 | 400 | 500 | 495 | 32% |
| 1897/98 | 400 | 500 | 480 | 32% |
| 1898/99 | 400 | 500 | 495 | 31% |
| 1899/1900 | 400 | 500 | 500 | 31% |
| 1900/01 | 400 | 500 | 500 | 31% |
| 1901/02 | 600 | 500 | 540 | 67% |
| 1902/03 | 540 | 500 | 540 | 60% |
| 1903/04 | 540 | 475 | 540 | 61% |
| 1904/05 | 550 | 450 | 540 | 65% |
| 1905/06 | 500 | 475 | 445 | 50% |
| 1906/07 | 550 | 450 | 350 | 64% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1892/93AH 1310 | First work | Ankara | 200first-salary field |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Muhabere Memuru | Ankara | 200 |
| 1896 to 1898AH 1314 to 1315 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Yozgat | 400 |
| 1898 to 1901AH 1316 to 1318 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Mudanya | 400 |
| 1901 to 1904AH 1319 to 1321 | 3. Müdür | Balya | 600 to 540 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | 3. Müdür | Heybeliada | 550 |
| 1905 to 1907AH 1323 to 1324 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beyoğlu | 500 to 550 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1870/71 (AH 1287)
- Birthplace
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
- Father's occupation
- Telgraf Muduru
Education
- Higher or professional
- Mülkiye Mektebi (14 years)School of Civil Administration
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 3 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Other High
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- No
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Armenian
- Kitabetwriting
- French
- Kitabetwriting
- Greek (Rum)
- Kitabetwriting. Rum is the word of the records for Greek as spoken by the Orthodox Christians of the empire. It is kept apart from the column Greek, which the records also have
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1892/93 (AH 1310)
- Place
- Ankara
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 200
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 5 officials with entries in Mudanya in the same years, Mehmet Muhittin Efendi had the 3rd highest salary.
- Hüseyin Avni Efendi2 shared years; highest salary 540 kuruş
- Ahmet Avni Efendi2 shared years; highest salary 500 kuruş
- Ahmet Kemalettin Efendi1 shared year; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Kostantin Kotovili1 shared year; highest salary 800 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 362 officials with the title Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti in the same years, Mehmet Muhittin Efendi had the 151st highest salary.
- Garon Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 1,300 kuruş
- Taşçıyan Markar Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 1,300 kuruş
- Acemyan Dikran Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 1,100 kuruş
- Andon İzekiyan Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Fransuva Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
All 605 officials with the title Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
Same school
Of the 26 officials with Mülkiye Mektebi among their schools, Mehmet Muhittin Efendi had the 19th highest salary.
- Mehmet Hamit Efendiborn 1869/70 (AH 1286); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Mehmet Faik Beyborn 1871/72 (AH 1288); highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Mehmet Emin Efendiborn 1872/73 (AH 1289); highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Ali Galip Beyborn 1867/68 (AH 1284); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Hasan Muhlis Beyborn 1867/68 (AH 1284); highest salary 60 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 1,999 officials born in Istanbul, 1,997 have a recorded salary; Mehmet Muhittin Efendi had the 789th highest salary of them.
- Agop Efendiborn 1870/71 (AH 1287); highest salary 150 kuruş
- Ahmed Talat Efendiborn 1870/71 (AH 1287); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Ahmet Avni Efendiborn 1870/71 (AH 1287); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Ahmet Avni Efendiborn 1870/71 (AH 1287); highest salary 5,000 kuruş
- Ahmet Hurşit Efendiborn 1870/71 (AH 1287); highest salary 400 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 183 officials whose first annual entry is for 1895/96 (AH 1313), 182 have a recorded salary; Mehmet Muhittin Efendi had the 38th highest salary of them.
- Hasan Bahri Efendifirst entry in Ankara; highest salary 480 kuruş
- Mehmet Naim Efendifirst entry in Ankara; highest salary 725 kuruş
- Osman Vehbi Efendifirst entry in Ankara; highest salary 400 kuruş
- Abdülkerim Efendifirst entry in Strumica (Ustrumca); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Ahmet Hurşit Efendifirst entry in İskenderun; highest salary 400 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (12)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Muhabere Memuru | Ankara | 200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0091_0057: 111 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Yozgat | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0091_0057: 111 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Yozgat | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0091_0057: 111 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Mudanya | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0091_0057: 111 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Mudanya | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0091_0057: 111 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Mudanya | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0091_0057: 111 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | 3. Müdür | Balya | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0091_0057: 111 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | 3. Müdür | Balya | 540 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0091_0057: 111 |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | 3. Müdür | Balya | 540 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0091_0057: 111 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | 3. Müdür | Heybeliada | 550 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0091_0057: 111 |
| 1905/06AH 1323 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beyoğlu | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0091_0057: 111 |
| 1906/07AH 1324 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beyoğlu | 550 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0091_0057: 111 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (14)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Mehmet Muhittin Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1287 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | telgraf muduru | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Mulkiye Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 14 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 3 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1310 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1892 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Ankara | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 200 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 11 annual entries of 12 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Mehmet Muhittin Efendi
- Post of official for foreign communications (Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti)
- Mudanya
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- School of Civil Administration (Mülkiye Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)