Official
Kigork Efendi
Armenian Christian (Ermeni). Born in Baghdad (Bağdat) in 1856/57 (AH 1273). On record 1872 to 1896, 22 annual entries. Death recorded 1896/97.
Archive reference 97_220; 439
Life#
Born in Baghdad (Bağdat) in 1856/57 (AH 1273), Kigork Efendi came from the Armenian Christian (Ermeni) community. Schooling took four years, at a community school (Millet Mektebi); Kigork also wrote Armenian as well as Turkish.
At about 14, in 1870/71, Kigork began work in the Defteri Hakani Kalemi in Baghdad, with two unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 50 kuruş. The first annual entry, for 1872/73, places Kigork in Baghdad, the birthplace, in the Land Registry office (Defter-i Hakani Kalemi), where the entries run to 1876/77. Next came Miqdadiyah in 1877/78 and Suq al-Shuyukh in 1878, then Basra from 1878 to 1883. Kigork then moved to Amarah (Amare) from 1883 to 1885, with a rise to chief communications official (Başmuhabere Memuru) in 1883/84. From 1885 to 1896 every annual entry places Kigork again in Suq al-Shuyukh, with a rise to director of the second grade (2. Müdür).
The salary went from 50 kuruş a month in 1872/73 to 760 in 1885/86, the peak, as 2. Müdür in Suq al-Shuyukh, when three in four paid officials earned less. In all, 22 years of salary come to 156,120 kuruş, 1.1 times what an official on the median salary earned in those years. After the last annual entry, for 1895/96, the list of 1896/97 (AH 1314) gives the status word Vefat (death).
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1856/57 (AH 1273); First work 1870/71 (AH 1287); 1872 to 1877 (AH 1289 to 1293)
First work as Defteri Hakani Kalemi
Defter-i Hakani Kalemi 1872/73 (AH 1289); Muhabere Memuru 1876/77 (AH 1293)
50 to 200 kuruş a month; entries in 2 years
No annual entry for 1873 to 1876 (AH 1290 to 1292).
1885 to 1896 (AH 1303 to 1313)
760 kuruş a month; entries in 11 years
Death recorded in the annual list of 1896/97 (AH 1314): the word Vefat, not a date of death.
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1872/73 | 50 | 550 | 1,000 | 0% |
| 1876/77 | 200 | 582.5 | 410 | 5% |
| 1877/78 | 350 | 560 | 410 | 15% |
| 1878 | 400 | 600 | 500 | 17% |
| 1878/79 | 500 | 600 | 420 | 34% |
| 1879/80 | 475 | 500 | 380 | 42% |
| 1880/81 | 475 | 500 | 400 | 43% |
| 1881/82 | 500 | 500 | 400 | 46% |
| 1882/83 | 500 | 500 | 400 | 43% |
| 1883/84 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 59% |
| 1884/85 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 59% |
| 1885/86 | 760 | 500 | 800 | 75% |
| 1886/87 | 760 | 500 | 800 | 75% |
| 1887/88 | 760 | 500 | 800 | 74% |
| 1888/89 | 760 | 500 | 800 | 75% |
| 1889/90 | 760 | 500 | 800 | 76% |
| 1890/91 | 760 | 500 | 800 | 77% |
| 1891/92 | 760 | 500 | 800 | 78% |
| 1892/93 | 760 | 500 | 800 | 78% |
| 1893/94 | 760 | 500 | 800 | 79% |
| 1894/95 | 760 | 500 | 800 | 79% |
| 1895/96 | 760 | 500 | 800 | 79% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1870/71AH 1287 | Defteri Hakani Kalemifirst work | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 50first-salary field |
| 1872/73AH 1289 | Defter-i Hakani Kalemi | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 50 |
| No annual entry: 1873 to 1876 (AH 1290 to 1292) | |||
| 1876/77AH 1293 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 200 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Muhabere Memuru | Miqdadiyah (Şehriban) | 350 |
| 1878AH 1295 | Muhabere Memuru | Suq al-Shuyukh (Sukuşşuyuh) | 400 |
| 1878 to 1883AH 1296 to 1300 | Muhabere Memuru | Basra | 500 |
| 1883 to 1885AH 1301 to 1302 | Başmuhabere Memuru | Amarah (Amare) | 600 |
| 1885 to 1896AH 1303 to 1313 | 2. Müdür | Suq al-Shuyukh (Sukuşşuyuh) | 760 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Death recorded | ||
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1856/57 (AH 1273)
- Birthplace
- Baghdad (Bağdat)
- Community
- Armenian Christian (Ermeni)
- Nationality as recorded
- Ermeni
- Death recorded
- 1896/97 (AH 1314)the year of the annual list with the word Vefat, not a date of death
Education
- Community school
- Millet Mektebi (4 years)community school (school of a non-Muslim community)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 2 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Armenian
- Kitabetwriting
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1870/71 (AH 1287)
- Place
- Baghdad (Bağdat)
- First job as worded
- Defteri Hakani Kalemi
- Age at first work (workbook field)
- 16
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 50
- First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month)
- 50
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 2 officials with entries in Suq al-Shuyukh (Sukuşşuyuh) in the same years, Kigork Efendi had the highest salary.
- Unnamed official (0067_00230; sayfa no:457)8 shared years; highest salary 660 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 236 officials with the title 2. Müdür in the same years, Kigork Efendi had the 220th highest salary.
- Ali Haydar Efendi11 shared years; highest salary 1,680 kuruş
- Mustafa Efendi11 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Hasan Tahsin Efendi11 shared years; highest salary 1,300 kuruş
- Ahmed Sadık Efendi11 shared years; highest salary 1,200 kuruş
- Ömer Lütfü Efendi11 shared years; highest salary 1,200 kuruş
Same school
Of the 263 officials with Millet Mektebi among their schools, Kigork Efendi had the 59th highest salary.
- Kosta Efendiborn 1856/57 (AH 1273); highest salary 450 kuruş
- Mihail Fehmi Efendiborn 1856/57 (AH 1273); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Misak Efendiborn 1856/57 (AH 1273); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Nevrikyan Efendiborn 1856/57 (AH 1273); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Osep Efendiborn 1856/57 (AH 1273); highest salary 500 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 73 officials born in Baghdad (Bağdat), Kigork Efendi had the 22nd highest salary.
- Mehmet Nuri Efendiborn 1856/57 (AH 1273); highest salary 700 kuruş
- Hasan Efendiborn 1855/56 (AH 1272); highest salary 900 kuruş
- Akif Efendiborn 1854/55 (AH 1271); highest salary 1,200 kuruş
- Antuvan Latini Efendiborn 1858/59 (AH 1275); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Abdülbaki Efendiborn 1853/54 (AH 1270); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
The page of Baghdad (Bağdat), with the 73 officials born there
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 84 officials whose first annual entry is for 1872/73 (AH 1289), Kigork Efendi had the 50th highest salary.
- Mehmed Emin Efendifirst entry in Baghdad (Bağdat); highest salary 630 kuruş
- Ahmet Rifat Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 400 kuruş
- İbrahim Edhem Efendifirst entry in Tuzla; highest salary 1,200 kuruş
- Mehmet Cemal Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 750 kuruş
- Mihran Kürkciyanfirst entry in Shkodër (İşkodra); highest salary 800 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (22)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1872/73AH 1289 | Defter-i Hakani Kalemi | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 50 | Land Registry (Defter-i Hakani) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 97_220; 439 |
| 1876/77AH 1293 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 97_220; 439 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Muhabere Memuru | Miqdadiyah (Şehriban) | 350 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 97_220; 439 |
| 1878AH 1295 | Muhabere Memuru | Suq al-Shuyukh (Sukuşşuyuh) | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 97_220; 439 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | Muhabere Memuru | Basra | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 97_220; 439 |
| 1879/80AH 1297 | Muhabere Memuru | Basra | 475 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 97_220; 439 |
| 1880/81AH 1298 | Muhabere Memuru | Basra | 475 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 97_220; 439 |
| 1881/82AH 1299 | Muhabere Memuru | Basra | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 97_220; 439 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | Muhabere Memuru | Basra | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 97_220; 439 |
| 1883/84AH 1301 | Başmuhabere Memuru | Amarah (Amare) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 97_220; 439 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | Başmuhabere Memuru | Amarah (Amare) | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 97_220; 439 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | 2. Müdür | Suq al-Shuyukh (Sukuşşuyuh) | 760 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 97_220; 439 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | 2. Müdür | Suq al-Shuyukh (Sukuşşuyuh) | 760 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 97_220; 439 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | 2. Müdür | Suq al-Shuyukh (Sukuşşuyuh) | 760 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 97_220; 439 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | 2. Müdür | Suq al-Shuyukh (Sukuşşuyuh) | 760 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 97_220; 439 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | 2. Müdür | Suq al-Shuyukh (Sukuşşuyuh) | 760 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 97_220; 439 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | 2. Müdür | Suq al-Shuyukh (Sukuşşuyuh) | 760 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 97_220; 439 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | 2. Müdür | Suq al-Shuyukh (Sukuşşuyuh) | 760 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 97_220; 439 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | 2. Müdür | Suq al-Shuyukh (Sukuşşuyuh) | 760 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 97_220; 439 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | 2. Müdür | Suq al-Shuyukh (Sukuşşuyuh) | 760 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 97_220; 439 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | 2. Müdür | Suq al-Shuyukh (Sukuşşuyuh) | 760 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 97_220; 439 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | 2. Müdür | Suq al-Shuyukh (Sukuşşuyuh) | 760 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 97_220; 439 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Cross-ministry personnel workbook
- A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (24)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Kigork Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Linked personnel workbook |
| Birth year (AH) | 1273 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace | bagdat | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: district (kaza) | Bagdat | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: sancak | Bagdat | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: province (vilayet) | Bagdat | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Province of birth | bagdat | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Hristiyan | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Nationality or community | Ermeni | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Millet Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Years of schooling | 4 used on this page | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 7 other value | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 2 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1287 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Linked personnel workbook |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1870 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Bagdat | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: district (kaza) | Bagdat | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: sancak | Bagdat | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: province (vilayet) | Bagdat | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First job as worded | Defteri Hakani Kalemi | Linked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Age at first work (workbook field) | 16 | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 50 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month) | 50 | Linked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Status | ||
| Death recorded under the year (AH) | 1314 | Earlier annual personnel extract (original copy); Earlier annual personnel extract (parallel copy) |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract (original copy)
- A copy of the earlier annual personnel file, read for the title wording of each year. A death taken from it is the status word Vefat in the title field of one annual list: the year is the year of that list, not a date of death.
- Earlier annual personnel extract (parallel copy)
- A second copy of the earlier annual personnel file, read in the same way. A death taken from it is the status word Vefat in the title field of one annual list: the year is the year of that list, not a date of death. Two copies that agree are one piece of evidence, not two.
- Cross-ministry personnel workbook
- A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Linked personnel workbook
- The original personnel workbook, from which selected fields on background and first work are taken.
- The sources give more than one value for a marked field. Every value is listed.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 21 annual entries of 22 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Kigork Efendi
- Director of the second grade (2. Müdür)
- Suq al-Shuyukh (Sukuşşuyuh)
- Baghdad (Bağdat)
- Community school (Millet Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Armenian Christian (Ermeni)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)