Official
Besim Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Kayseri in 1859/60 (AH 1276). On record 1877 to 1896, 19 annual entries. Death recorded 1896/97.
Archive reference 0099_0068; 133
Life#
Born in Kayseri in 1859/60 (AH 1276), Besim Efendi came from the Muslim (Müslüman) community; the father was a tradesman (esnaf). Schooling took four years, at a school for young children (Sıbyan Mektebi).
Besim began work in Tokat in 1874/75, at about 15, with three unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 400 kuruş. The first annual entry, for 1877/78, places Besim in Erzincan as a communications official (Muhabere Memuru). Next came Tokat and Zara from 1878 to 1882, then a return to Kayseri, the birthplace, from 1882 to 1889. Besim then moved to Palu from 1889 to 1892, with a rise to director of the third grade (3. Müdür) in 1889/90, then back to Kayseri from 1892 to 1895. The last post was in Eleşkirt in 1895/96, with a rise to director of the second grade (2. Müdür).
Pay rose from 400 kuruş a month in 1877/78 to a peak of 700 in 1895/96, as 2. Müdür in Eleşkirt, when three in four paid officials earned less. After the last annual entry, for 1895/96, the list of 1896/97 (AH 1314) gives the status word Vefat (death).
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1859/60 (AH 1276)
First work 1874/75 (AH 1291)
1878 to 1881 (AH 1296 to 1298)
No annual entry for 1878 (AH 1295) before it.
380 to 400 kuruş a month; entries in 3 years
Death recorded in the annual list of 1896/97 (AH 1314): the word Vefat, not a date of death.
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1877/78 | 400 | 560 | 410 | 16% |
| 1878/79 | 400 | 600 | 420 | 18% |
| 1879/80 | 380 | 500 | 380 | 22% |
| 1880/81 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 21% |
| 1881/82 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 20% |
| 1882/83 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 18% |
| 1883/84 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 18% |
| 1884/85 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 18% |
| 1885/86 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 19% |
| 1886/87 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 19% |
| 1887/88 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 19% |
| 1888/89 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 21% |
| 1889/90 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 58% |
| 1890/91 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 59% |
| 1891/92 | 600 | 500 | 600 | 59% |
| 1892/93 | 550 | 500 | 400 | 57% |
| 1893/94 | 550 | 500 | 400 | 58% |
| 1894/95 | 550 | 500 | 400 | 58% |
| 1895/96 | 700 | 500 | 800 | 74% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1874/75AH 1291 | First work | Tokat | 400first-salary field |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Muhabere Memuru | Erzincan | 400 |
| No annual entry: 1878 (AH 1295) | |||
| 1878 to 1881AH 1296 to 1298 | Muhabere Memuru | Tokat | 400 to 380 |
| 1881/82AH 1299 | Muhabere Memuru | Zara | 380 |
| 1882 to 1889AH 1300 to 1306 | Muhabere Memuru | Kayseri | 380 |
| 1889 to 1892AH 1307 to 1309 | 3. Müdür | Palu | 600 |
| 1892 to 1895AH 1310 to 1312 | Muhabere Memuru | Kayseri | 550 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | 2. Müdür | Eleşkirt | 700 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Death recorded | ||
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1859/60 (AH 1276)
- Birthplace
- Kayseri
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
- Father's occupation
- Esnaf
- Death recorded
- 1896/97 (AH 1314)the year of the annual list with the word Vefat, not a date of death
Education
- Primary
- Sıbyan Mektebi (4 years)school for young children (primary school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 3 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1874/75 (AH 1291)
- Place
- Tokat
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 400
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 13 officials with entries in Kayseri in the same years, Besim Efendi had the 5th highest salary.
- Mehmet Cemalettin Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 540 kuruş
- İbrahim Hakkı Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 285 kuruş
- Hacı Kâmil Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Nurettin Efendi3 shared years; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Hüseyin Hüsnü Efendi3 shared years; highest salary 400 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 1,563 officials with the title Muhabere Memuru in the same years, Besim Efendi had the 566th highest salary.
- Ömer Nuri Efendi15 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Tahir Efendi15 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Nikola Yunani Efendi15 shared years; highest salary 1,350 kuruş
- Mehmet Nazım Efendi15 shared years; highest salary 1,300 kuruş
- Şarl Laze Efendi15 shared years; highest salary 1,250 kuruş
Same school
Of the 746 officials with Sıbyan Mektebi among their schools, 745 have a recorded salary; Besim Efendi had the 356th highest salary of them.
- Ali Rıza Efendiborn 1859/60 (AH 1276); highest salary 900 kuruş
- Ali Rıza Efendiborn 1859/60 (AH 1276); highest salary 600 kuruş
- İsmail Sabri Efendiborn 1859/60 (AH 1276); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Mehmed Ziya Eefendiborn 1859/60 (AH 1276); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Mehmet Cemal Efendiborn 1859/60 (AH 1276); highest salary 500 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 23 officials born in Kayseri, Besim Efendi had the 10th highest salary.
- Balyan Efendiborn 1858/59 (AH 1275); highest salary 1,200 kuruş
- Vartan Yıldızyanborn 1858/59 (AH 1275); highest salary 1,250 kuruş
- Fikri Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 475 kuruş
- Mehmet Emin Efendiborn 1861/62 (AH 1278); highest salary 200 kuruş
- Mehmet Cemalettin Efendiborn 1856/57 (AH 1273); highest salary 540 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 118 officials whose first annual entry is for 1877/78 (AH 1294), Besim Efendi had the 53rd highest salary.
- Hafız İbrahim Kazım Efendifirst entry in Erzincan; highest salary 1,200 kuruş
- Ahmed Hamdi Efendifirst entry in Niš (Niş); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Ali Saib Beyfirst entry in Necid; highest salary 2,000 kuruş
- Hasan Ruhi Efendifirst entry in Shkodër (İşkodra); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Lazari John Efendifirst entry in Konya; highest salary 600 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (19)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Muhabere Memuru | Erzincan | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0068; 133 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | Muhabere Memuru | Tokat | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0068; 133 |
| 1879/80AH 1297 | Muhabere Memuru | Tokat | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0068; 133 |
| 1880/81AH 1298 | Muhabere Memuru | Tokat | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0068; 133 |
| 1881/82AH 1299 | Muhabere Memuru | Zara | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0068; 133 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | Muhabere Memuru | Kayseri | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0068; 133 |
| 1883/84AH 1301 | Muhabere Memuru | Kayseri | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0068; 133 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | Muhabere Memuru | Kayseri | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0068; 133 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | Muhabere Memuru | Kayseri | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0068; 133 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | Muhabere Memuru | Kayseri | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0068; 133 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | Muhabere Memuru | Kayseri | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0068; 133 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | Muhabere Memuru | Kayseri | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0068; 133 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | 3. Müdür | Palu | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0068; 133 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | 3. Müdür | Palu | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0068; 133 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | 3. Müdür | Palu | 600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0068; 133 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | Muhabere Memuru | Kayseri | 550 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0068; 133 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | Muhabere Memuru | Kayseri | 550 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0068; 133 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | Muhabere Memuru | Kayseri | 550 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0068; 133 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | 2. Müdür | Eleşkirt | 700 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0099_0068; 133 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (15)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Besim Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1276 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | kayseri | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | ankara | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | Esnaf | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Sibyan Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 3 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1291 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1874 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Tokat | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 400 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Status | ||
| Death recorded under the year (AH) | 1314 | Earlier annual personnel extract (original copy); Earlier annual personnel extract (parallel copy) |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract (original copy)
- A copy of the earlier annual personnel file, read for the title wording of each year. A death taken from it is the status word Vefat in the title field of one annual list: the year is the year of that list, not a date of death.
- Earlier annual personnel extract (parallel copy)
- A second copy of the earlier annual personnel file, read in the same way. A death taken from it is the status word Vefat in the title field of one annual list: the year is the year of that list, not a date of death. Two copies that agree are one piece of evidence, not two.
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 19 annual entries of 19 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Besim Efendi
- Communications official (Muhabere Memuru)
- Kayseri
- School for young children (Sıbyan Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Director of the third grade (3. Müdür)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)