Official
Mahmut Hamdi Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Baghdad (Bağdat) in 1865/66 (AH 1282). On record 1886 to 1899, 13 annual entries.
Archive reference 69_137; 271
Life#
Born in Baghdad (Bağdat) in 1865/66 (AH 1282) into the Muslim (Müslüman) community, Mahmut Hamdi Efendi was the child of a tradesman (esnaf). Mahmut Hamdi had seven years of schooling, at a middle school (Rüşdiye Mektebi), and wrote Arabic as well as Turkish.
Work began in Baghdad in 1883/84, at about 18, with three unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 380 kuruş. The first annual entry, for 1886/87, places Mahmut Hamdi in Baghdad, the birthplace, as a communications official (Muhabere Memuru), where the entries run to 1897/98. In 1898/99 the lists place Mahmut Hamdi in Yakube, with a rise to director of the third grade (3. Müdür).
The salary went from 380 kuruş a month in 1886/87 to 540 in 1898/99, the peak, as 3. Müdür in Yakube, when 61 per cent of paid officials earned less. The last annual entry is for 1898/99.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1865/66 (AH 1282); First work 1883/84 (AH 1301); 1886 to 1898 (AH 1304 to 1315)
380 to 453 kuruş a month; entries in 12 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1886/87 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 19% |
| 1887/88 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 19% |
| 1888/89 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 21% |
| 1889/90 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 21% |
| 1890/91 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 22% |
| 1891/92 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 24% |
| 1892/93 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 24% |
| 1893/94 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 25% |
| 1894/95 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 26% |
| 1895/96 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 26% |
| 1896/97 | 380 | 500 | 400 | 28% |
| 1897/98 | 453 | 500 | 400 | 46% |
| 1898/99 | 540 | 500 | 540 | 61% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1883/84AH 1301 | First work | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 380first-salary field |
| 1886 to 1898AH 1304 to 1315 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 380 to 453 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | 3. Müdür | Yakube | 540 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1865/66 (AH 1282)
- Birthplace
- Baghdad (Bağdat)
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
- Father's occupation
- Esnaf
Education
- Rüşdiye
- Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 3 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- No
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Arabic
- Kitabetwriting
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1883/84 (AH 1301)
- Place
- Baghdad (Bağdat)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 380
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 60 officials with entries in Baghdad (Bağdat) in the same years, Mahmut Hamdi Efendi had the 49th highest salary.
- Nikola Colini Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 2,700 kuruş
- Mehmet Salih Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 655 kuruş
- Mehmed Emin Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 630 kuruş
- Mehmed Şükrü Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Mehmet Sami Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 400 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 1,628 officials with the title Muhabere Memuru in the same years, Mahmut Hamdi Efendi had the 853rd highest salary.
- Mehmet Arif Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 3,600 kuruş
- Mehmet Hulusi Bey12 shared years; highest salary 2,600 kuruş
- Mehmet Tevfik Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Mustafa Naili Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Ömer Nuri Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
Same school
Of the 3,206 officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi among their schools, 3,200 have a recorded salary; Mahmut Hamdi Efendi had the 1,157th highest salary of them.
- Abdulkadir Efendiborn 1865/66 (AH 1282); highest salary 750 kuruş
- Abdullah Sıtkı Efendiborn 1865/66 (AH 1282); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Abdurrahman Faik Efendiborn 1865/66 (AH 1282); highest salary 300 kuruş
- Abdurrahman Feyzi Efendiborn 1865/66 (AH 1282); highest salary 720 kuruş
- Ahmet Şefik Efendiborn 1865/66 (AH 1282); highest salary 600 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 73 officials born in Baghdad (Bağdat), Mahmut Hamdi Efendi had the 38th highest salary.
- Mehmet Kâmil Efendiborn 1864/65 (AH 1281); highest salary 630 kuruş
- Melkon İskenderyan Efendiborn 1864/65 (AH 1281); highest salary 700 kuruş
- Abdülmuttalip Muhlis Efendiborn 1866/67 (AH 1283); highest salary 700 kuruş
- Abdürrezzak Efendiborn 1866/67 (AH 1283); highest salary 800 kuruş
- İbrahim Efendiborn 1863/64 (AH 1280); highest salary 1,700 kuruş
The page of Baghdad (Bağdat), with the 73 officials born there
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 53 officials whose first annual entry is for 1886/87 (AH 1304), Mahmut Hamdi Efendi had the 30th highest salary.
- Ali Rıza Efendifirst entry in Beyoğlu; highest salary 1,700 kuruş
- Hafız Mehmet Müslim Efendifirst entry in Mudurnu; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Hafız Süleyman Şükrü Efendifirst entry in Pozantı; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Mehmet Galip Efendifirst entry in Tekirdağ; highest salary 380 kuruş
- Mehmet Muzaffer Beyfirst entry in Kosova; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (13)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1886/87AH 1304 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 69_137; 271 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 69_137; 271 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 69_137; 271 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 69_137; 271 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 69_137; 271 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 69_137; 271 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 69_137; 271 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 69_137; 271 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 69_137; 271 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 69_137; 271 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 69_137; 271 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Muhabere Memuru | Baghdad (Bağdat) | 453 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 69_137; 271 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | 3. Müdür | Yakube | 540 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 69_137; 271 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (14)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Mahmut Hamdi Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1282 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | bagdat | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | bagdat | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | esnaf | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Rusdiye Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 7 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 3 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1301 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1884 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Bagdat | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 380 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 13 annual entries of 13 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Mahmut Hamdi Efendi
- Communications official (Muhabere Memuru)
- Baghdad (Bağdat)
- Rüşdiye school (Rüşdiye Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Director of the third grade (3. Müdür)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)