Official
Mahmut Fazlı Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Ruse (Rusçuk) in 1840/41 (AH 1256). On record 1860 to 1904, 45 annual entries.
Archive reference 45_101; 199
Life#
Born in Ruse (Rusçuk) in 1840/41 (AH 1256), Mahmut Fazlı Efendi came from the Muslim (Müslüman) community. Mahmut Fazlı had four years of schooling, at a school for young children (Sıbyan Mektebi).
At about 18, in 1858/59, Mahmut Fazlı began work in Ruse, with one unpaid year as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 250 kuruş. The annual lists begin in 1860/61, with Mahmut Fazlı as a communications official (Muhabere Memuru) in Ruse, the birthplace, where the entries run to 1864/65. Mahmut Fazlı then moved to Razgrad (Hezargrad) from 1865 to 1867, then Tulcea (Tulça) from 1867 to 1873. The annual lists then follow Mahmut Fazlı to four places in 14 years, then Beirut (Beyrut) from 1886 to 1897, with a rise to director of the first grade (1. Müdür) in 1892/93 and to Basmudur Muavini in 1894/95. The last posts were in Istanbul from 1897 to 1904. Entries spanning 45 years are rare, reached by fewer than 1 per cent of the 5,211 officials. Nine places on two continents in all, a number reached by fewer than 6 per cent of the 5,200 officials with a place of service.
The salary went from 250 kuruş a month in 1860/61 to 2,500 in 1900/01, the peak, as Meclis Azasi in Istanbul, when 98 per cent of paid officials earned less. The last annual entry is for 1903/04.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1840/41 (AH 1256); First work 1858/59 (AH 1275); 1860 to 1865 (AH 1277 to 1281)
250 to 720 kuruş a month; entries in 5 years
1865 to 1867 (AH 1282 to 1283)
800 to 960 kuruş a month; entries in 2 years
1886 to 1897 (AH 1304 to 1314)
2. Müdür 1886 to 1892 (AH 1304 to 1309); 1. Müdür 1892 to 1894 (AH 1310 to 1311); Basmudur Muavini 1894 to 1897 (AH 1312 to 1314)
1,140 to 1,500 kuruş a month; entries in 11 years
1897 to 1904 (AH 1315 to 1321)
1,350 to 2,500 kuruş a month; entries in 7 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1860/61 | 250 | 500 | 500 | 12% |
| 1861/62 | 250 | 600 | 500 | 12% |
| 1862/63 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 34% |
| 1863/64 | 720 | 500 | 500 | 56% |
| 1864/65 | 720 | 625 | 570 | 52% |
| 1865/66 | 960 | 650 | 980 | 64% |
| 1866/67 | 800 | 600 | 1,000 | 62% |
| 1867/68 | 1,000 | 600 | 1,000 | 68% |
| 1868/69 | 1,000 | 600 | 1,000 | 70% |
| 1869/70 | 1,000 | 600 | 1,000 | 71% |
| 1870/71 | 1,000 | 600 | 1,000 | 72% |
| 1871/72 | 855 | 550 | 855 | 73% |
| 1872/73 | 855 | 550 | 850 | 74% |
| 1873/74 | 855 | 500 | 830 | 75% |
| 1874/75 | 855 | 535 | 800 | 74% |
| 1875/76 | 855 | 530 | 850 | 75% |
| 1876/77 | 1,000 | 582.5 | 800 | 77% |
| 1877/78 | 800 | 560 | 800 | 68% |
| 1878 | 1,000 | 600 | 800 | 76% |
| 1878/79 | 1,000 | 600 | 800 | 77% |
| 1879/80 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 77% |
| 1880/81 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 76% |
| 1881/82 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 77% |
| 1882/83 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 76% |
| 1883/84 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 76% |
| 1884/85 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 76% |
| 1885/86 | 800 | 500 | 800 | 77% |
| 1886/87 | 1,140 | 500 | 800 | 86% |
| 1887/88 | 1,140 | 500 | 800 | 87% |
| 1888/89 | 1,140 | 500 | 800 | 87% |
| 1889/90 | 1,140 | 500 | 800 | 88% |
| 1890/91 | 1,140 | 500 | 800 | 89% |
| 1891/92 | 1,140 | 500 | 800 | 90% |
| 1892/93 | 1,250 | 500 | 1,200 | 93% |
| 1893/94 | 1,250 | 500 | 1,200 | 93% |
| 1894/95 | 1,500 | 500 | 94% | |
| 1895/96 | 1,500 | 500 | 94% | |
| 1896/97 | 1,350 | 500 | 94% | |
| 1897/98 | 1,350 | 500 | 94% | |
| 1898/99 | 1,600 | 500 | 96% | |
| 1899/1900 | 1,600 | 500 | 95% | |
| 1900/01 | 2,500 | 500 | 98% | |
| 1901/02 | 2,500 | 500 | 97% | |
| 1902/03 | 2,500 | 500 | 97% | |
| 1903/04 | 2,500 | 475 | 98% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1858/59AH 1275 | First work | Ruse (Rusçuk) | 250first-salary field |
| 1860 to 1865AH 1277 to 1281 | Muhabere Memuru | Ruse (Rusçuk) | 250 to 720 |
| 1865 to 1867AH 1282 to 1283 | 2. Müdür | Razgrad (Hezargrad) | 960 to 800 |
| 1867 to 1873AH 1284 to 1289 | 2. Müdür | Tulcea (Tulça) | 1,000 to 855 |
| 1873 to 1877AH 1290 to 1293 | 2. Müdür | Burgas (Burgaz) | 855 to 1,000 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | 2. Müdür | Haskovo (Hasköy) | 800 |
| 1878 to 1883AH 1295 to 1300 | 2. Müdür | Acre (Akka) | 1,000 to 800 |
| 1883 to 1886AH 1301 to 1303 | 2. Müdür | Nablus | 800 |
| 1886 to 1892AH 1304 to 1309 | 2. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 1,140 |
| 1892 to 1894AH 1310 to 1311 | 1. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 1,250 |
| 1894 to 1897AH 1312 to 1314 | Basmudur Muavini | Beirut (Beyrut) | 1,500 to 1,350 |
| 1897 to 1904AH 1315 to 1321 | Meclis Azasi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,350 to 2,500 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1840/41 (AH 1256)
- Birthplace
- Ruse (Rusçuk)
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
Education
- Primary
- Sıbyan Mektebi (4 years)school for young children (primary school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 1 year
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1858/59 (AH 1275)
- Place
- Ruse (Rusçuk)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 250
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 101 officials with entries in Beirut (Beyrut) in the same years, Mahmut Fazlı Efendi had the 6th highest salary.
- Mehmet İzzet Efendi11 shared years; highest salary 980 kuruş
- Kaysar Efendi11 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Kayser Minir Efendi11 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Yusuf Efendi11 shared years; highest salary 640 kuruş
- Mehmet Tevfik Efendi9 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 300 officials with the title 2. Müdür in the same years, Mahmut Fazlı Efendi had the 29th highest salary.
- Hasan Tahsin Efendi28 shared years; highest salary 1,300 kuruş
- Hüseyin Rüştü Efendi25 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Nakib Efendi24 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Nakip Efendi24 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Yusuf Azmi Efendi24 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
Same school
Of the 746 officials with Sıbyan Mektebi among their schools, 745 have a recorded salary; Mahmut Fazlı Efendi had the 54th highest salary of them.
- Ahmet Hazım Efendiborn 1840/41 (AH 1256); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Hacı Mehmet Tevfik Efendiborn 1840/41 (AH 1256); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- İskender Efendiborn 1840/41 (AH 1256); highest salary 2,350 kuruş
- Kadri Efendiborn 1840/41 (AH 1256); highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Kasım Tevfik Efendiborn 1840/41 (AH 1256); highest salary 800 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 13 officials born in Ruse (Rusçuk), Mahmut Fazlı Efendi had the 2nd highest salary.
- İbrahim Ethem Efendiborn 1844/45 (AH 1260); highest salary 700 kuruş
- Mehmet Nuri Efendiborn 1832/33 (AH 1248); highest salary 650 kuruş
- Ahmet Rifat Efendiborn 1831/32 (AH 1247); highest salary 4,000 kuruş
- Mehmed Şevki Efendiborn 1855/56 (AH 1272); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Abdullah Kemali Efendiborn 1860/61 (AH 1277); highest salary 700 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 38 officials whose first annual entry is for 1860/61 (AH 1277), Mahmut Fazlı Efendi had the 10th highest salary.
- Abdulkerim Efendifirst entry in Novi Pazar (Yenipazar); highest salary 1,400 kuruş
- Mehmet Tahir Efendifirst entry in Yozgat; highest salary 1,750 kuruş
- Ahmet Hamdi Efendifirst entry in İzmit; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Apostolaki Cizli Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 1,440 kuruş
- Haci Nazmi Efendifirst entry in Izmir (İzmir); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (45)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1860/61AH 1277 | Muhabere Memuru | Ruse (Rusçuk) | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1861/62AH 1278 | Muhabere Memuru | Ruse (Rusçuk) | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1862/63AH 1279 | Muhabere Memuru | Ruse (Rusçuk) | 500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1863/64AH 1280 | Muhabere Memuru | Ruse (Rusçuk) | 720 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1864/65AH 1281 | Muhabere Memuru | Ruse (Rusçuk) | 720 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1865/66AH 1282 | 2. Müdür | Razgrad (Hezargrad) | 960 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1866/67AH 1283 | 2. Müdür | Razgrad (Hezargrad) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1867/68AH 1284 | 2. Müdür | Tulcea (Tulça) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1868/69AH 1285 | 2. Müdür | Tulcea (Tulça) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1869/70AH 1286 | 2. Müdür | Tulcea (Tulça) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1870/71AH 1287 | 2. Müdür | Tulcea (Tulça) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1871/72AH 1288 | 2. Müdür | Tulcea (Tulça) | 855 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1872/73AH 1289 | 2. Müdür | Tulcea (Tulça) | 855 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1873/74AH 1290 | 2. Müdür | Burgas (Burgaz) | 855 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1874/75AH 1291 | 2. Müdür | Burgas (Burgaz) | 855 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1875/76AH 1292 | 2. Müdür | Burgas (Burgaz) | 855 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1876/77AH 1293 | 2. Müdür | Burgas (Burgaz) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | 2. Müdür | Haskovo (Hasköy) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1878AH 1295 | 2. Müdür | Acre (Akka) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | 2. Müdür | Acre (Akka) | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1879/80AH 1297 | 2. Müdür | Acre (Akka) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1880/81AH 1298 | 2. Müdür | Acre (Akka) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1881/82AH 1299 | 2. Müdür | Acre (Akka) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | 2. Müdür | Acre (Akka) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1883/84AH 1301 | 2. Müdür | Nablus | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | 2. Müdür | Nablus | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | 2. Müdür | Nablus | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | 2. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 1,140 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | 2. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 1,140 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | 2. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 1,140 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | 2. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 1,140 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | 2. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 1,140 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | 2. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 1,140 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | 1. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 1,250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | 1. Müdür | Beirut (Beyrut) | 1,250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | Basmudur Muavini | Beirut (Beyrut) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Basmudur Muavini | Beirut (Beyrut) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Basmudur Muavini | Beirut (Beyrut) | 1,350 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Meclis Azasi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,350 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Meclis Azasi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | Meclis Azasi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 1,600 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | Meclis Azasi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 2,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | Meclis Azasi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 2,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | Meclis Azasi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 2,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | Meclis Azasi | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 2,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 45_101; 199 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (13)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Mahmut Fazlı Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1256 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | ruscuk | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | tuna | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Sibyan Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 1 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1275 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1859 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Ruscuk | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 250 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 35 annual entries of 45 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Mahmut Fazlı Efendi
- Director of the second grade (2. Müdür)
- Beirut (Beyrut)
- Ruse (Rusçuk)
- School for young children (Sıbyan Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)