Official
Tevfik Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Van in 1862/63 (AH 1279). On record 1881 to 1897, 16 annual entries.
Archive reference 102_14_23
Life#
Born in Van in 1862/63 (AH 1279), Tevfik Efendi came from the Muslim (Müslüman) community. Schooling took seven years, at a middle school (Rüşdiye Mektebi); Tevfik also wrote Turkish and spoke Armenian, and held a qualification (a diploma, certificate, training or decoration).
Tevfik began work in Ağrı (Karakilise) in 1881/82, at about 19, paid from the start, on 300 kuruş a month. The annual lists begin in 1881/82, with Tevfik as a sergeant (Çavuş) in Ağrı. From 1883 to 1897 every annual entry places Tevfik in Van, the birthplace, first as Muvassil, from 1890/91 as Çavuş.
The salary never rose above the first in the lists, 300 kuruş a month in 1881/82, as Çavuş in Ağrı, when 13 per cent of paid officials earned less. Over 16 years pay ended where it began, at 300 kuruş; fewer than 7 per cent of the 2,010 officials paid for 15 years or more ended as low. In all, 16 years of salary come to 48,600 kuruş, 50 per cent of what an official on the median salary earned in those years. The last annual entry is for 1896/97.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1862/63 (AH 1279)
First work 1881/82 (AH 1299); 1881 to 1883 (AH 1299 to 1300)
300 kuruş a month; entries in 2 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1881/82 | 300 | 500 | 325 | 13% |
| 1882/83 | 300 | 500 | 300 | 11% |
| 1883/84 | 150 | 500 | 2% | |
| 1884/85 | 250 | 500 | 150 | 6% |
| 1885/86 | 250 | 500 | 150 | 6% |
| 1886/87 | 250 | 500 | 150 | 6% |
| 1887/88 | 250 | 500 | 150 | 7% |
| 1888/89 | 250 | 500 | 150 | 8% |
| 1889/90 | 250 | 500 | 150 | 10% |
| 1890/91 | 250 | 500 | 300 | 10% |
| 1891/92 | 250 | 500 | 292.5 | 12% |
| 1892/93 | 250 | 500 | 292.5 | 13% |
| 1893/94 | 250 | 500 | 300 | 13% |
| 1894/95 | 250 | 500 | 300 | 13% |
| 1895/96 | 250 | 500 | 292.5 | 13% |
| 1896/97 | 300 | 500 | 300 | 18% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1881/82AH 1299 | First work | Ağrı (Karakilise) | 300first-salary field |
| 1881 to 1883AH 1299 to 1300 | Çavuş | Ağrı (Karakilise) | 300 |
| 1883 to 1890AH 1301 to 1307 | Muvassil | Van | 150 to 250 |
| 1890 to 1897AH 1308 to 1314 | Çavuş | Van | 250 to 300 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1862/63 (AH 1279)
- Birthplace
- Van
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
Education
- Rüşdiye
- Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 0 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Middle
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- Yes
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Armenian
- Tekellumspeaking
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1881/82 (AH 1299)
- Place
- Ağrı (Karakilise)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 300
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 51 officials with entries in Van in the same years, Tevfik Efendi had the lowest salary.
- Hasan Tahsin Efendi14 shared years; highest salary 3,000 kuruş
- İsmail Zühtü Efendi13 shared years; highest salary 1,200 kuruş
- Mehmet Şakir Efendi12 shared years; highest salary 2,700 kuruş
- Mehmet Emin Efendi11 shared years; highest salary 1,580 kuruş
- Mehmet Ruşen Efendi10 shared years; highest salary 500 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 34 officials with the title Çavuş in the same years, Tevfik Efendi had the 28th highest salary.
- Mehmet Sait Efend9 shared years; highest salary 620 kuruş
- Abdullah Süreyya Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 540 kuruş
- Haci İsmail Hakki Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 500 kuruş
- Riza Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 1,200 kuruş
- Mehmet Kamil Efendi4 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
Same school
Of the 3,206 officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi among their schools, 3,200 have a recorded salary; Tevfik Efendi had the 2,211th highest salary of them.
- Abdullah Efendiborn 1862/63 (AH 1279); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Abdullah Talat Efendiborn 1862/63 (AH 1279); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Abdüllatif Lütfü Efendiborn 1862/63 (AH 1279); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Abdülvahhab Efendiborn 1862/63 (AH 1279); highest salary 550 kuruş
- Abrik Nadir Efendiborn 1862/63 (AH 1279); highest salary 300 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 35 officials born in Van, Tevfik Efendi had the 24th highest salary.
- Hasan Zühtü Efendiborn 1861/62 (AH 1278); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Mardiros Efendiborn 1863/64 (AH 1280); highest salary 200 kuruş
- Unnamed official (8-150;293)born 1863/64 (AH 1280); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Mehmet Ruşen Efendiborn 1867/68 (AH 1284); highest salary 500 kuruş
- Yusuf Sitki Efendiborn 1867/68 (AH 1284); highest salary 450 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 86 officials whose first annual entry is for 1881/82 (AH 1299), Tevfik Efendi had the 77th highest salary.
- Abdülvahhab Efendifirst entry in Diyarbakır; highest salary 550 kuruş
- Ali Haydar Efendifirst entry in Kastamonu; highest salary 500 kuruş
- Asım Efendifirst entry in Serres (Siroz); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Bogos Efendifirst entry in Vlorë (Avlonya); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Habip Efendifirst entry in Gaza (Gazze); highest salary 950 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (16)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1881/82AH 1299 | Çavuş | Ağrı (Karakilise) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_14_23 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | Çavuş | Ağrı (Karakilise) | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_14_23 |
| 1883/84AH 1301 | Muvassil | Van | 150 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_14_23 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | Muvassil | Van | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_14_23 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | Muvassil | Van | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_14_23 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | Muvassil | Van | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_14_23 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | Muvassil | Van | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_14_23 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | Muvassil | Van | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_14_23 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | Muvassil | Van | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_14_23 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | Çavuş | Van | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_14_23 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | Çavuş | Van | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_14_23 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | Çavuş | Van | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_14_23 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | Çavuş | Van | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_14_23 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | Çavuş | Van | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_14_23 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Çavuş | Van | 250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_14_23 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Çavuş | Van | 300 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 102_14_23 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (13)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Tevfik Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1279 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | van | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | van | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Rusdiye Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 7 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 0 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1299 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1882 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Karakilise | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 300 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 16 annual entries of 16 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Tevfik Efendi
- Sergeant (Çavuş)
- Van
- Rüşdiye school (Rüşdiye Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Muvassil
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)