Official
Mehmet Tevfik Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Ordu in 1877/78 (AH 1294). On record 1897 to 1905, 8 annual entries.
Archive reference 0098_0168; 333
Life#
Mehmet Tevfik Efendi was born in Ordu in 1877/78 (AH 1294), into the Muslim (Müslüman) community. Schooling took seven years, at a middle school (Rüşdiye Mektebi); Mehmet Tevfik also wrote French as well as Turkish and held a qualification (a diploma, certificate, training or decoration).
Mehmet Tevfik began work in Istanbul in 1891/92, at about 15, with six unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 270 kuruş. The first annual entry, for 1897/98, places Mehmet Tevfik in Beyoğlu as an official for foreign communications (Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti). Next came Berane from 1898 to 1904, with a rise to director of the third grade (3. Müdür) in 1899/1900. The last post was in Uşak in 1904/05.
Pay rose from 270 kuruş a month in 1897/98 to a peak of 540 in 1899/1900, as 3. Müdür in Berane, when 60 per cent of paid officials earned less. The final annual entry is for 1904/05.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1877/78 (AH 1294)
First work 1891/92 (AH 1309)
1898 to 1904 (AH 1316 to 1321)
Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti 1898/99 (AH 1316); 3. Müdür 1899 to 1904 (AH 1317 to 1321)
400 to 540 kuruş a month; entries in 6 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1897/98 | 270 | 500 | 480 | 17% |
| 1898/99 | 400 | 500 | 495 | 31% |
| 1899/1900 | 540 | 500 | 540 | 60% |
| 1900/01 | 540 | 500 | 540 | 59% |
| 1901/02 | 540 | 500 | 540 | 60% |
| 1902/03 | 540 | 500 | 540 | 60% |
| 1903/04 | 540 | 475 | 540 | 61% |
| 1904/05 | 540 | 450 | 540 | 61% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1891/92AH 1309 | First work | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 270first-salary field |
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beyoğlu | 270 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Berane | 400 |
| 1899 to 1904AH 1317 to 1321 | 3. Müdür | Berane | 540 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | 3. Müdür | Uşak | 540 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1877/78 (AH 1294)
- Birthplace
- Ordu
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
Education
- Rüşdiye
- Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 6 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Middle
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- Yes
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- French
- Kitabetwriting
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1891/92 (AH 1309)
- Place
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 270
Named in scholarly works#
No link between a work and an official has been accepted. Each entry was found by fixed rules on the name and the recorded fields, and says what it rests on.
Possible links: 1 entry in 1 work
- Tanzimat'tan II. Meşrutiyet'e Uşak kazasında ilmȋ ve kültürel hayat (1839-1908): Mehmed Tevfik EfendiPossible link: same name; served in the place the work covers
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 2 officials with entries in Berane in the same years, Mehmet Tevfik Efendi had the lowest salary.
- Hasan Tahsin Efendi1 shared year; highest salary 600 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 423 officials with the title 3. Müdür in the same years, Mehmet Tevfik Efendi had the 284th highest salary.
- Ali Fehmi Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- İsmail Sabri Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Andon Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 900 kuruş
- Mehmet Hilmi Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Mihran Kürkciyan6 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
Same school
Of the 3,206 officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi among their schools, 3,200 have a recorded salary; Mehmet Tevfik Efendi had the 1,157th highest salary of them.
- Abdi Nazım Efendiborn 1877/78 (AH 1294); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Abdülaziz Fikri Efendiborn 1877/78 (AH 1294); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Abdülkerim Efendiborn 1877/78 (AH 1294); highest salary 100 kuruş
- Abdullah Efendiborn 1877/78 (AH 1294); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Ahmet Efendiborn 1877/78 (AH 1294); highest salary 800 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 6 officials born in Ordu, Mehmet Tevfik Efendi had the 2nd highest salary.
- Mehmet Şükrü Efendiborn 1877/78 (AH 1294); highest salary 300 kuruş
- Mustafa Sami Efendiborn 1875/76 (AH 1292); highest salary 380 kuruş
- Aziz Efendiborn 1864/65 (AH 1281); highest salary 475 kuruş
- Hasan Rüştü Efendiborn 1890/91 (AH 1308); highest salary 300 kuruş
- Hasan Ali Efendibirth year not recorded; highest salary 800 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 88 officials whose first annual entry is for 1897/98 (AH 1315), Mehmet Tevfik Efendi had the 21st highest salary.
- Unnamed official (0098_0163; 323)first entry in Beyoğlu; highest salary 300 kuruş
- Ahmet Necip Efendifirst entry in Beyoğlu; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- İhsan Efendifirst entry in Beyoğlu; highest salary 400 kuruş
- İbrahim Salim Efendifirst entry in Beyoğlu; highest salary 495 kuruş
- Cafer Efendifirst entry in Galata; highest salary 200 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (8)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1897/98AH 1315 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beyoğlu | 270 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0098_0168; 333 |
| 1898/99AH 1316 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Berane | 400 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0098_0168; 333 |
| 1899/1900AH 1317 | 3. Müdür | Berane | 540 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0098_0168; 333 |
| 1900/01AH 1318 | 3. Müdür | Berane | 540 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0098_0168; 333 |
| 1901/02AH 1319 | 3. Müdür | Berane | 540 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0098_0168; 333 |
| 1902/03AH 1320 | 3. Müdür | Berane | 540 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0098_0168; 333 |
| 1903/04AH 1321 | 3. Müdür | Berane | 540 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0098_0168; 333 |
| 1904/05AH 1322 | 3. Müdür | Uşak | 540 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0098_0168; 333 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (13)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Mehmet Tevfik Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1294 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | ordu | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | trabzon | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Rusdiye Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 7 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 6 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1309 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1892 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | istanbul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 270 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 8 annual entries of 8 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Mehmet Tevfik Efendi
- Director of the third grade (3. Müdür)
- Berane
- Ordu
- Rüşdiye school (Rüşdiye Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)