Official
Haci Sefik Efendi
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Istanbul (Dersaadet) in 1845/46 (AH 1262). On record 1861 to 1880, 18 annual entries.
Archive reference 3_276; 548
Life#
Haci Sefik Efendi was born in Istanbul in 1845/46 (AH 1262), into the Muslim (Müslüman) community. Schooling took seven years, at a middle school (Rüşdiye Mektebi); Sefik also wrote Turkish and had some knowledge of Arabic and Greek (Rum).
Sefik began work in the Tahrirat Kalemi in Istanbul in 1859/60, at about 14, with two unpaid years as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 20 kuruş. The first annual entry, for 1861/62, places Sefik in Istanbul, the birthplace, as an official (Memur). Sefik then moved to Bandırma in 1865/66, as Gumruk Baskitabeti, and Milas in 1867/68, then Izmir (İzmir) from 1868 to 1873. The annual lists then follow Sefik to Al Hudaydah in 1873/74, as Rusumat Muduru, and Ioannina in 1875/76, then back to Izmir from 1876 to 1878. The last posts were in Kuşadası in 1878 and Kibris in 1878/79 and Crete (Girit) in 1879/80.
The salary went from 20 kuruş a month in 1861/62 to 2,375 in 1873/74, the peak, as Rusumat Muduru in Al Hudaydah, when 94 per cent of paid officials earned less. The peak was 118.8 times the first salary, a rise matched by 10 of the 2,859 officials paid for ten years or more. The last annual entry is for 1879/80.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1845/46 (AH 1262); First work 1859/60 (AH 1276); 1861 to 1865 (AH 1278 to 1281)
First work as Tahrirat Kalemi
Memur 1861/62 (AH 1278); Rusumat Muhasebe Memuru 1862 to 1865 (AH 1279 to 1281)
20 to 350 kuruş a month; entries in 4 years
1867/68 (AH 1284)
No annual entry for 1866/67 (AH 1283) before it.
750 kuruş a month; entries in 1 year
1868 to 1873 (AH 1285 to 1289)
650 to 750 kuruş a month; entries in 5 years
1875/76 (AH 1292)
No annual entry for 1874/75 (AH 1291) before it.
1,500 kuruş a month; entries in 1 year
1876 to 1878 (AH 1293 to 1294)
1,000 kuruş a month; entries in 2 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary, and the median of the same province for the years in which at least 5 officials were paid in the province of the official's salary that year.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Median, same province | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1861/62 | 20 | 600 | 250 | 500 | 0% |
| 1862/63 | 350 | 500 | 500 | 24% | |
| 1863/64 | 350 | 500 | 500 | 20% | |
| 1864/65 | 350 | 625 | 560 | 17% | |
| 1865/66 | 1,500 | 650 | 500 | 81% | |
| 1867/68 | 750 | 600 | 1,000 | 60% | |
| 1868/69 | 750 | 600 | 1,000 | 60% | |
| 1869/70 | 750 | 600 | 880 | 59% | |
| 1870/71 | 750 | 600 | 800 | 61% | |
| 1871/72 | 650 | 550 | 800 | 59% | |
| 1872/73 | 650 | 550 | 755 | 59% | |
| 1873/74 | 2,375 | 500 | 94% | ||
| 1875/76 | 1,500 | 530 | 760 | 88% | |
| 1876/77 | 1,000 | 582.5 | 600 | 77% | |
| 1877/78 | 1,000 | 560 | 800 | 79% | |
| 1878 | 1,500 | 600 | 800 | 87% | |
| 1878/79 | 1,250 | 600 | 800 | 85% | |
| 1879/80 | 1,500 | 500 | 575 | 91% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1859/60AH 1276 | Tahrirat Kalemifirst work | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 20first-salary field |
| 1861/62AH 1278 | Memur | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 20 |
| 1862 to 1865AH 1279 to 1281 | Rusumat Muhasebe Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 350 |
| 1865/66AH 1282 | Gumruk Baskitabeti | Bandırma | 1,500 |
| No annual entry: 1866/67 (AH 1283) | |||
| 1867/68AH 1284 | Rusumat Baskitabeti | Milas | 750 |
| 1868 to 1873AH 1285 to 1289 | Rusumat Baskitabeti | Izmir (İzmir) | 750 to 650 |
| 1873/74AH 1290 | Rusumat Muduru | Al Hudaydah (Hudeyde) | 2,375 |
| No annual entry: 1874/75 (AH 1291) | |||
| 1875/76AH 1292 | Rusumat Baskitabeti | Ioannina (Yanya) | 1,500 |
| 1876 to 1878AH 1293 to 1294 | Gumruk Baskitabeti | Izmir (İzmir) | 1,000 |
| 1878AH 1295 | Agnam Muduru | Kuşadası | 1,500 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | Rusumat Muduru | Kibris | 1,250 |
| 1879/80AH 1297 | Rusumat Muduru | Crete (Girit) | 1,500 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1845/46 (AH 1262)
- Birthplace
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
Education
- Rüşdiye
- Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school)
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 2 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- No
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Arabic
- Asinafamiliarity
- Greek (Rum)
- Asinafamiliarity. Rum is the word of the records for Greek as spoken by the Orthodox Christians of the empire. It is kept apart from the column Greek, which the records also have
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1859/60 (AH 1276)
- Place
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- First job as worded
- Tahrirat Kalemi
- Age at first work (workbook field)
- 14
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 20
- First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month)
- 20
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same post (job title and place), same years
Of the 4 officials who held Memur in Istanbul in the same years, Haci Sefik Efendi had the highest salary.
- Mikail Efendi1 shared year; highest salary 2,100 kuruş
- Ömer Tahir Efendi1 shared year; highest salary 2,000 kuruş
- Ali Rıza Efendi1 shared year; highest salary 600 kuruş
Same place, same years
Of the 36 officials with entries in Izmir (İzmir) in the same years, Haci Sefik Efendi had the 8th highest salary.
- Mehmet Şükrü Efendi7 shared years; highest salary 1,300 kuruş
- Abdulkadir Efendi5 shared years; highest salary 3,000 kuruş
- Ahmet Munir Bey4 shared years; highest salary 11,000 kuruş
- Balyan Jozef Efendi3 shared years; highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Israti Efendi3 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 2 officials with the title Rusumat Muhasebe Memuru in the same years, Haci Sefik Efendi had the highest salary.
- Mehmet Ziya Efendi3 shared years; highest salary 1,200 kuruş
Same school
Of the 3,206 officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi among their schools, 3,200 have a recorded salary; Haci Sefik Efendi had the 77th highest salary of them.
- Abdullah Efendiborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Ahmet Tevfik Beyborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 1,750 kuruş
- Hasan Kamil Efendiborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Hasan Zuhdu Beyborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 2,100 kuruş
- Mehmed Niyazi Efendiborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 800 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 1,999 officials born in Istanbul, 1,997 have a recorded salary; Haci Sefik Efendi had the 130th highest salary of them.
- Ahmet Hamdi Efendiborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Ahmet Tevfik Beyborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 1,750 kuruş
- Ali Refik Beyborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 6,000 kuruş
- Ali Rıza Efendiborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 200 kuruş
- Hafız Tevfik Efendiborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 800 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 18 officials whose first annual entry is for 1861/62 (AH 1278), Haci Sefik Efendi had the 6th highest salary.
- Cemal Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 840 kuruş
- Mikail Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 2,100 kuruş
- Mahmut Cemal Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 900 kuruş
- Antuvan Jean Daliço Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 1,750 kuruş
- Rıza Beyfirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 13,000 kuruş
All 18 officials whose first annual entry is for 1861/62 (AH 1278)
Full record
Annual entries (18)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1861/62AH 1278 | Memur | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 20 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_276; 548 |
| 1862/63AH 1279 | Rusumat Muhasebe Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 350 | Customs (Gümrük) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_276; 548 |
| 1863/64AH 1280 | Rusumat Muhasebe Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 350 | Customs (Gümrük) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_276; 548 |
| 1864/65AH 1281 | Rusumat Muhasebe Memuru | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 350 | Customs (Gümrük) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_276; 548 |
| 1865/66AH 1282 | Gumruk Baskitabeti | Bandırma | 1,500 | Customs (Gümrük) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_276; 548 |
| 1867/68AH 1284 | Rusumat Baskitabeti | Milas | 750 | Customs (Gümrük) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_276; 548 |
| 1868/69AH 1285 | Rusumat Baskitabeti | Izmir (İzmir) | 750 | Customs (Gümrük) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_276; 548 |
| 1869/70AH 1286 | Rusumat Baskitabeti | Izmir (İzmir) | 750 | Customs (Gümrük) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_276; 548 |
| 1870/71AH 1287 | Rusumat Baskitabeti | Izmir (İzmir) | 750 | Customs (Gümrük) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_276; 548 |
| 1871/72AH 1288 | Rusumat Baskitabeti | Izmir (İzmir) | 650 | Customs (Gümrük) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_276; 548 |
| 1872/73AH 1289 | Rusumat Baskitabeti | Izmir (İzmir) | 650 | Customs (Gümrük) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_276; 548 |
| 1873/74AH 1290 | Rusumat Muduru | Al Hudaydah (Hudeyde) | 2,375 | Customs (Gümrük) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_276; 548 |
| 1875/76AH 1292 | Rusumat Baskitabeti | Ioannina (Yanya) | 1,500 | Customs (Gümrük) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_276; 548 |
| 1876/77AH 1293 | Gumruk Baskitabeti | Izmir (İzmir) | 1,000 | Customs (Gümrük) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_276; 548 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Gumruk Baskitabeti | Izmir (İzmir) | 1,000 | Customs (Gümrük) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_276; 548 |
| 1878AH 1295 | Agnam Muduru | Kuşadası | 1,500 | Finance (Maliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_276; 548 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | Rusumat Muduru | Kibris | 1,250 | Customs (Gümrük) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_276; 548 |
| 1879/80AH 1297 | Rusumat Muduru | Crete (Girit) | 1,500 | Customs (Gümrük) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_276; 548 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Cross-ministry personnel workbook
- A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (23)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Haci sefik Efendi | Linked personnel workbook |
| Birth year (AH) | 1262 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace | dersaadet used on this page | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | istanbul other value | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: district (kaza) | istanbul | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: sancak | istanbul | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: province (vilayet) | istanbul | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Province of birth | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Rusdiye Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Years of schooling | 7 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 2 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1276 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Linked personnel workbook |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1860 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | istanbul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: district (kaza) | istanbul | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: sancak | istanbul | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: province (vilayet) | istanbul | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First job as worded | Tahrirat Kalemi | Linked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Age at first work (workbook field) | 14 | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 20 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month) | 20 | Linked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
What the sources named in this table are
- Cross-ministry personnel workbook
- A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Linked personnel workbook
- The original personnel workbook, from which selected fields on background and first work are taken.
- The sources give more than one value for a marked field. Every value is listed.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Haci Sefik Efendi
- Rusumat Baskitabeti
- Izmir (İzmir)
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Rüşdiye school (Rüşdiye Mektebi)
- Customs (Gümrük)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)