Official
Hasan Zuhdu Bey
Muslim (Müslüman). Born in Diyarbakır in 1845/46 (AH 1262). On record 1862 to 1890, 28 annual entries.
Archive reference 3_156; 310
Life#
Hasan Zuhdu Bey was born in Diyarbakır in 1845/46 (AH 1262) into the Muslim (Müslüman) community. Few officials knew Kurdish; only 12 of the 5,211 officials did.
Work began in the Muhasebe Kalemi in Vidin in 1862/63, at about 16, paid from the start, on 40 kuruş a month. The annual lists begin in 1862/63, with Hasan Zuhdu in the correspondence office (Tahrirat Kalemi) in Vidin, where the entries run to 1868/69. Hasan Zuhdu then moved to Ioannina (Yanya) from 1869 to 1887, with a rise to Temyiz Mahkemesi Muavini in 1881/82. The last posts were in Uzunköprü (Cisr-i Ergene) from 1888 to 1890, with a rise to 2. Bidayet Mahkemesi Riyaseti.
Pay rose from 40 kuruş a month in 1862/63 to a peak of 2,100 in 1888/89, as 2. Bidayet Mahkemesi Riyaseti in Uzunköprü, when 96 per cent of paid officials earned less. In all, 28 years of salary come to 371,640 kuruş, 2 times what an official on the median salary earned in those years. Pay rose to 52.5 times the first salary; only 23 of the 2,859 officials paid for ten years or more rose as far. The final annual entry is for 1889/90.
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1845/46 (AH 1262)
First work 1862/63 (AH 1279); 1862 to 1869 (AH 1279 to 1285)
First work as Muhasebe Kalemi
Tahrirat Kalemi 1862 to 1867 (AH 1279 to 1283); Adliye Memuru 1867 to 1869 (AH 1284 to 1285)
40 to 450 kuruş a month; entries in 7 years
1869 to 1887 (AH 1286 to 1304)
Adliye Memuru 1869 to 1875 (AH 1286 to 1291); Başkitabet 1875 to 1881 (AH 1292 to 1298); Temyiz Mahkemesi Muavini 1881 to 1887 (AH 1299 to 1304)
500 to 1,800 kuruş a month; entries in 19 years
1888 to 1890 (AH 1306 to 1307)
No annual entry for 1887/88 (AH 1305) before it.
2,100 kuruş a month; entries in 2 years
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1862/63 | 40 | 500 | 0% | |
| 1863/64 | 100 | 500 | 0% | |
| 1864/65 | 200 | 625 | 560 | 4% |
| 1865/66 | 380 | 650 | 380 | 17% |
| 1866/67 | 350 | 600 | 350 | 15% |
| 1867/68 | 450 | 600 | 32% | |
| 1868/69 | 450 | 600 | 31% | |
| 1869/70 | 750 | 600 | 59% | |
| 1870/71 | 750 | 600 | 61% | |
| 1871/72 | 500 | 550 | 45% | |
| 1872/73 | 500 | 550 | 44% | |
| 1873/74 | 500 | 500 | 44% | |
| 1874/75 | 500 | 535 | 41% | |
| 1875/76 | 1,500 | 530 | 88% | |
| 1876/77 | 1,500 | 582.5 | 89% | |
| 1877/78 | 1,500 | 560 | 88% | |
| 1878 | 1,500 | 600 | 87% | |
| 1878/79 | 1,500 | 600 | 87% | |
| 1879/80 | 1,500 | 500 | 91% | |
| 1880/81 | 1,500 | 500 | 91% | |
| 1881/82 | 1,800 | 500 | 92% | |
| 1882/83 | 1,800 | 500 | 92% | |
| 1883/84 | 1,800 | 500 | 92% | |
| 1884/85 | 1,800 | 500 | 92% | |
| 1885/86 | 1,800 | 500 | 93% | |
| 1886/87 | 1,800 | 500 | 93% | |
| 1888/89 | 2,100 | 500 | 2,000 | 96% |
| 1889/90 | 2,100 | 500 | 1,700 | 96% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1862/63AH 1279 | Muhasebe Kalemifirst work | Vidin | 40first-salary field |
| 1862 to 1867AH 1279 to 1283 | Tahrirat Kalemi | Vidin | 40 to 350 |
| 1867 to 1869AH 1284 to 1285 | Adliye Memuru | Vidin | 450 |
| 1869 to 1875AH 1286 to 1291 | Adliye Memuru | Ioannina (Yanya) | 750 to 500 |
| 1875 to 1881AH 1292 to 1298 | Başkitabet | Ioannina (Yanya) | 1,500 |
| 1881 to 1887AH 1299 to 1304 | Temyiz Mahkemesi Muavini | Ioannina (Yanya) | 1,800 |
| No annual entry: 1887/88 (AH 1305) | |||
| 1888 to 1890AH 1306 to 1307 | 2. Bidayet Mahkemesi Riyaseti | Uzunköprü (Cisr-i Ergene) | 2,100 |
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1845/46 (AH 1262)
- Birthplace
- Diyarbakır
- Community
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Nationality as recorded
- Turkish
Education
- Rüşdiye
- Rüşdiye Mektebi (7 years)rüşdiye school (middle school); place of the school as worded: Vidin
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 0 years
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Middle
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- Yes
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Arabic
- Tekellumspeaking
- Kurdish
- Tekellumspeaking
- Persian
- Tekellumspeaking
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1862/63 (AH 1279)
- Place
- Vidin
- First job as worded
- Muhasebe Kalemi
- Age at first work (workbook field)
- 17
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 40
- First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month)
- 40
Legal records
- Judicial record (recorded code)
- 1
Notes from the record
- Merit and competence grade (recorded code)
- 1
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 66 officials with entries in Ioannina (Yanya) in the same years, Hasan Zuhdu Bey had the 13th highest salary.
- Unnamed official (0006_0366; 727)17 shared years; highest salary 1,200 kuruş
- Hüseyin Tahsin Efendi11 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Mehmet Recep Efendi10 shared years; highest salary 600 kuruş
- Mehmet Fehmi Efendi9 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Mustafa Zihni Efendi8 shared years; highest salary 600 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 5 officials with the title Adliye Memuru in the same years, Hasan Zuhdu Bey had the 4th highest salary.
- Tevfik Bey6 shared years; highest salary 3,500 kuruş
- Abdurrahman Nuri Efendi6 shared years; highest salary 1,400 kuruş
- Mustafa Cemal Bey2 shared years; highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Hafiz Hasan Efendi1 shared year; highest salary 3,000 kuruş
Same school
Of the 3,206 officials with Rüşdiye Mektebi among their schools, 3,200 have a recorded salary; Hasan Zuhdu Bey had the 85th highest salary of them.
- Abdullah Efendiborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Ahmet Tevfik Beyborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 1,750 kuruş
- Haci Sefik Efendiborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 2,375 kuruş
- Hasan Kamil Efendiborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 400 kuruş
- Mehmed Niyazi Efendiborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 800 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 72 officials born in Diyarbakır, Hasan Zuhdu Bey had the 3rd highest salary.
- Mahmut Nüzhet Efendiborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 800 kuruş
- Mustafa Vasfi Efendiborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 7,500 kuruş
- Ohannes Gazazyan Efendiborn 1845/46 (AH 1262); highest salary 1,120 kuruş
- Zülfikar Fethi Efendiborn 1846/47 (AH 1263); highest salary 720 kuruş
- Mehmet Faik Efendiborn 1847/48 (AH 1264); highest salary 600 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 36 officials whose first annual entry is for 1862/63 (AH 1279), Hasan Zuhdu Bey had the 11th highest salary.
- Ahmet Hilmi Efendifirst entry in Kavala; highest salary 675 kuruş
- Mehmet Arif Neset Efendifirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 4,000 kuruş
- Ahmet İzzet Beyfirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Ali Rıza Efendifirst entry in Bitola (Manastır); highest salary 700 kuruş
- Mahmut Hilmi Efendifirst entry in Pristina (Priştine); highest salary 3,000 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (28)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1862/63AH 1279 | Tahrirat Kalemi | Vidin | 40 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_156; 310 |
| 1863/64AH 1280 | Tahrirat Kalemi | Vidin | 100 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_156; 310 |
| 1864/65AH 1281 | Tahrirat Kalemi | Vidin | 200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_156; 310 |
| 1865/66AH 1282 | Tahrirat Kalemi | Vidin | 380 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_156; 310 |
| 1866/67AH 1283 | Tahrirat Kalemi | Vidin | 350 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_156; 310 |
| 1867/68AH 1284 | Adliye Memuru | Vidin | 450 | Justice (Adliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_156; 310 |
| 1868/69AH 1285 | Adliye Memuru | Vidin | 450 | Justice (Adliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_156; 310 |
| 1869/70AH 1286 | Adliye Memuru | Ioannina (Yanya) | 750 | Justice (Adliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_156; 310 |
| 1870/71AH 1287 | Adliye Memuru | Ioannina (Yanya) | 750 | Justice (Adliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_156; 310 |
| 1871/72AH 1288 | Adliye Memuru | Ioannina (Yanya) | 500 | Justice (Adliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_156; 310 |
| 1872/73AH 1289 | Adliye Memuru | Ioannina (Yanya) | 500 | Justice (Adliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_156; 310 |
| 1873/74AH 1290 | Adliye Memuru | Ioannina (Yanya) | 500 | Justice (Adliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_156; 310 |
| 1874/75AH 1291 | Adliye Memuru | Ioannina (Yanya) | 500 | Justice (Adliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_156; 310 |
| 1875/76AH 1292 | Başkitabet | Ioannina (Yanya) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_156; 310 |
| 1876/77AH 1293 | Başkitabet | Ioannina (Yanya) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_156; 310 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Başkitabet | Ioannina (Yanya) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_156; 310 |
| 1878AH 1295 | Başkitabet | Ioannina (Yanya) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_156; 310 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | Başkitabet | Ioannina (Yanya) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_156; 310 |
| 1879/80AH 1297 | Başkitabet | Ioannina (Yanya) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_156; 310 |
| 1880/81AH 1298 | Başkitabet | Ioannina (Yanya) | 1,500 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 3_156; 310 |
| 1881/82AH 1299 | Temyiz Mahkemesi Muavini | Ioannina (Yanya) | 1,800 | Justice (Adliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_156; 310 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | Temyiz Mahkemesi Muavini | Ioannina (Yanya) | 1,800 | Justice (Adliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_156; 310 |
| 1883/84AH 1301 | Temyiz Mahkemesi Muavini | Ioannina (Yanya) | 1,800 | Justice (Adliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_156; 310 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | Temyiz Mahkemesi Muavini | Ioannina (Yanya) | 1,800 | Justice (Adliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_156; 310 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | Temyiz Mahkemesi Muavini | Ioannina (Yanya) | 1,800 | Justice (Adliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_156; 310 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | Temyiz Mahkemesi Muavini | Ioannina (Yanya) | 1,800 | Justice (Adliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_156; 310 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | 2. Bidayet Mahkemesi Riyaseti | Uzunköprü (Cisr-i Ergene) | 2,100 | Justice (Adliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_156; 310 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | 2. Bidayet Mahkemesi Riyaseti | Uzunköprü (Cisr-i Ergene) | 2,100 | Justice (Adliye) | Cross-ministry personnel workbook | 3_156; 310 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Cross-ministry personnel workbook
- A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (25)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Hasan Zuhdu Bey | Linked personnel workbook |
| Birth year (AH) | 1262 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace | diyarbakir | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: district (kaza) | Diyarbakir | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: sancak | Diyarbakir | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Birthplace: province (vilayet) | Diyarbakir | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Province of birth | diyarbakir | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Musluman | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Nationality or community | Turkish | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Rusdiye Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Place of the school | Vidin | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Years of schooling | 7 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 0 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1279 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Linked personnel workbook |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1862 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | Vidin | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: district (kaza) | Vidin | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: sancak | Vidin | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First work: province (vilayet) | tuna | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First job as worded | Muhasebe Kalemi | Linked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Age at first work (workbook field) | 17 | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 40 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First-job salary of the original workbook (kuruş a month) | 40 | Linked personnel workbook; Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Legal records | ||
| Judicial record (recorded code) | 1 | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
| Other recorded values | ||
| Merit and competence grade (recorded code) | 1 | Cross-ministry personnel workbook |
What the sources named in this table are
- Cross-ministry personnel workbook
- A personnel workbook with the annual entries in institutions other than the Post and Telegraph (justice, land registry, customs, police and others), with the same annual fields as the personnel workbook.
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Linked personnel workbook
- The original personnel workbook, from which selected fields on background and first work are taken.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 7 annual entries of 28 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Hasan Zuhdu Bey
- Adliye Memuru
- Ioannina (Yanya)
- Diyarbakır
- Rüşdiye school (Rüşdiye Mektebi)
- Justice (Adliye)
- Muslim (Müslüman)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)