Job title
2. Bidayet Mahkemesi Riyaseti
Group of job titles: Justice and legal affairs
Note: No gloss: the records do not show whether '2.' counts the court or the presidency
21 officials held the job title 2. Bidayet Mahkemesi Riyaseti. Its 114 annual entries run from 1878 to 1911 (AH 1296 to 1328). The median of the 114 recorded monthly salaries is 1,710 kuruş, against 500 kuruş for the whole collection in the same years. The median entry paid 3.6 times the collection median of its year. On average an official was paid more than 94 per cent of the other officials with a salary in the same year. Half of the officials have an entry in it in no more than 4 different years, and a quarter in 6 or more. It was the first title on record for 0 per cent of the officials and the last for 48 per cent. The title held just before it by most officials is Bidayet Mahkemesi Muavini (10 officials). The entries name 33 places. The place with the largest number of officials is Trabzon, with 3.
- Officials
- 21
- Years on recordAH 1296 to 1328, 32 years with an entry
- 1878 to 1911
- Median monthly salary3.6× the collection median of the same years (500 kuruş)
- 1,710 kuruş
- Places with officials
- 33
- First job title on recordfor 0 of the 21 officials
- 0%
Profile of the group: Justice and legal affairs
No source read describes 2. Bidayet Mahkemesi Riyaseti by itself, so this is the profile of its group of job titles.
Officials of the courts and offices of the Ministry of Justice (Adliye), created on 14 February 1870 from the court Divan-ı Ahkam-ı Adliye. The new courts (nizamiye) were set up in the provinces from the 1860s.
History
The regulation of 21 May 1879 organised the ministry as the Ministry of Justice and Sects (Adliye ve Mezahib Nezareti), with an undersecretary, a corresponding secretary, directors for criminal and civil affairs, for the records of officials and for documents, and an accountant. The commercial courts came under the ministry in 1875.
Sources
- Findley, Carter V. (1980). Bureaucratic Reform in the Ottoman Empire: The Sublime Porte, 1789-1922. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Pages or part: 178. Used for: summary.
- Yavuz, Hulusi (1988). Adliye Nezâreti. TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, vol. 1, 389-390. Online copy (read 14 October 2026).Pages or part: 389. Used for: summary, history.
Monthly salary each year
The same numbers as a table
| Year | Recorded salaries | Median | Mean | Lower quartile | Upper quartile | Median of the whole collection |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1878/79 | 1 | 2,000 | 2,000 | 2,000 | 2,000 | 600 |
| 1879/80 | 2 | 1,400 | 1,400 | 1,400 | 1,400 | 500 |
| 1880/81 | 2 | 1,400 | 1,400 | 1,400 | 1,400 | 500 |
| 1881/82 | 4 | 1,700 | 1,700 | 1,400 | 2,000 | 500 |
| 1882/83 | 5 | 2,000 | 1,760 | 1,400 | 2,000 | 500 |
| 1883/84 | 6 | 2,000 | 1,800 | 1,550 | 2,000 | 500 |
| 1884/85 | 5 | 2,000 | 1,920 | 1,400 | 2,000 | 500 |
| 1885/86 | 5 | 2,000 | 1,920 | 1,400 | 2,000 | 500 |
| 1886/87 | 6 | 2,000 | 1,933.33 | 1,550 | 2,000 | 500 |
| 1887/88 | 5 | 2,000 | 1,920 | 1,400 | 2,000 | 500 |
| 1888/89 | 7 | 2,000 | 1,871.43 | 1,400 | 2,050 | 500 |
| 1889/90 | 6 | 1,700 | 1,850 | 1,400 | 2,075 | 500 |
| 1890/91 | 4 | 1,700 | 1,900 | 1,400 | 2,200 | 500 |
| 1891/92 | 4 | 1,700 | 1,900 | 1,400 | 2,200 | 500 |
| 1892/93 | 4 | 1,700 | 1,900 | 1,400 | 2,200 | 500 |
| 1893/94 | 4 | 1,700 | 1,900 | 1,400 | 2,200 | 500 |
| 1894/95 | 3 | 2,000 | 2,066.67 | 1,700 | 2,400 | 500 |
| 1895/96 | 2 | 1,550 | 1,550 | 1,325 | 1,775 | 500 |
| 1896/97 | 4 | 1,530 | 1,715 | 1,220 | 2,025 | 500 |
| 1897/98 | 4 | 1,530 | 1,715 | 1,220 | 2,025 | 500 |
| 1898/99 | 6 | 1,260 | 1,490 | 1,260 | 1,260 | 500 |
| 1899/1900 | 6 | 1,260 | 1,490 | 1,260 | 1,260 | 500 |
| 1900/01 | 4 | 1,260 | 1,245 | 1,245 | 1,260 | 500 |
| 1901/02 | 3 | 1,260 | 1,440 | 1,260 | 1,530 | 500 |
| 1902/03 | 2 | 1,810 | 1,810 | 1,715 | 1,905 | 500 |
| 1903/04 | 2 | 2,250 | 2,250 | 2,125 | 2,375 | 475 |
| 1904/05 | 2 | 2,250 | 2,250 | 2,125 | 2,375 | 450 |
| 1905/06 | 2 | 2,250 | 2,250 | 2,125 | 2,375 | 475 |
| 1907/08 | 1 | 1,260 | 1,260 | 1,260 | 1,260 | 300 |
| 1908/09 | 1 | 1,260 | 1,260 | 1,260 | 1,260 | 350 |
| 1909/10 | 1 | 2,750 | 2,750 | 2,750 | 2,750 | 462.5 |
| 1910/11 | 1 | 2,750 | 2,750 | 2,750 | 2,750 | 500 |
Salaries are nominal monthly amounts in kuruş, as assigned. The thick line is the median of each year and the thin line the mean. A year with fewer than 5 recorded salaries is drawn as an open mark and is not joined to the line.
Pay against the whole collection
21 officials with a salary, each counted once in the band of the median of the official's salaries in this job. A bar runs from its number to the next; the last is 2,500 kuruş and more. Most officials (52%) are in the band 1,000 to 1,500 kuruş.
The same numbers as a table
| Median monthly salary, kuruş | Officials | Share | Whole collection |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 to 100 | 0 | 0% | 3% |
| 100 to 200 | 0 | 0% | 10% |
| 200 to 300 | 0 | 0% | 17% |
| 300 to 400 | 0 | 0% | 18% |
| 400 to 500 | 0 | 0% | 17% |
| 500 to 750 | 0 | 0% | 23% |
| 750 to 1,000 | 0 | 0% | 5% |
| 1,000 to 1,500 | 11 | 52% | 4% |
| 1,500 to 2,500 | 8 | 38% | 2% |
| 2,500 and more | 2 | 10% | 1% |
The median of the 114 recorded monthly salaries of this job is 1,710 kuruş. In the same years the whole collection paid a median of 500 kuruş. The median entry paid 3.6× the collection median of its year, and the middle half of the entries between 2.8× and 4×. On average an official of this job was paid more than 94% of the other paid officials of the same year.
The dot is the median, the box the middle half of the entries. Dashed lines: the collection median of the same years (1×) and the middle of the paid officials (50%).
Where the job was held
| Place | Officials | Remark |
|---|---|---|
| Trabzon | 3 | |
| Aydın | 2 | |
| Baghdad (Bağdat) | 2 | |
| İzmit | 2 | |
| Pljevlja (Taşlıca) | 2 | |
| Aleppo (Halep) | 1 | |
| Amarah (Amare) | 1 | |
| Ankara | 1 | |
| Bayburt | 1 | |
| Beirut (Beyrut) | 1 |
Career paths: the titles just before and after
The number is the officials who made the move. Under it, the median change of the monthly salary: the first salary of the later title less the last salary of the earlier one, where at least 5 moves have both.
Held just before
The title of the entries just before a run of 2. Bidayet Mahkemesi Riyaseti. Pay: the change on moving from that title to 2. Bidayet Mahkemesi Riyaseti. The 8 titles with most officials, of 24 moves in all.
Held just after
The title of the entries just after a run of 2. Bidayet Mahkemesi Riyaseti. Pay: the change on moving from 2. Bidayet Mahkemesi Riyaseti to that title. The 8 titles with most officials, of 16 moves in all.
Of the 37 moves shown, 1 cross at least one year without an annual entry; nothing is known about those years. Two posts held in the same years are not counted as a move.
Time in the job
- Years with an entry in the job
- 4 yearsmedian over 21 officials
- A quarter of the officials
- 6 years or moreupper quartile
- Most years of one official
- 13 years
Years are years with an annual entry in the job, each counted once for an official. They need not follow one another, and nothing is known about a year without an entry. With two posts in the first or last year, both count.
Who held the job
Officials of this jobWhole collection
Community
21 officials with it recorded.
Age at the first annual entry in the job
21 officials with it recorded.
Province of birth
19 officials with it recorded. 7 other values not shown.
Schooling
20 officials with it recorded. An official can have several, so the shares add up to more than 100%. The groups of the schools recorded for each official.
Languages
20 officials with it recorded. An official can have several, so the shares add up to more than 100%. 2 other values not shown.
Qualification
15 officials with it recorded. A diploma, certificate, training or decoration (nişan) recorded in the schooling or the work.
Source of the record
21 officials with it recorded.
Officials on record each year
The same numbers as a table
| Year | Officials on record | First recorded | Annual entries |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1878/79 (AH 1296) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 1879/80 (AH 1297) | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| 1880/81 (AH 1298) | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| 1881/82 (AH 1299) | 4 | 1 | 4 |
| 1882/83 (AH 1300) | 5 | 1 | 5 |
| 1883/84 (AH 1301) | 6 | 1 | 6 |
| 1884/85 (AH 1302) | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| 1885/86 (AH 1303) | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| 1886/87 (AH 1304) | 6 | 1 | 6 |
| 1887/88 (AH 1305) | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| 1888/89 (AH 1306) | 7 | 2 | 7 |
| 1889/90 (AH 1307) | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 1890/91 (AH 1308) | 4 | 1 | 4 |
| 1891/92 (AH 1309) | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 1892/93 (AH 1310) | 4 | 2 | 4 |
| 1893/94 (AH 1311) | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 1894/95 (AH 1312) | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 1895/96 (AH 1313) | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| 1896/97 (AH 1314) | 4 | 2 | 4 |
| 1897/98 (AH 1315) | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 1898/99 (AH 1316) | 6 | 4 | 6 |
| 1899/1900 (AH 1317) | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 1900/01 (AH 1318) | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 1901/02 (AH 1319) | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 1902/03 (AH 1320) | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 1903/04 (AH 1321) | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 1904/05 (AH 1322) | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 1905/06 (AH 1323) | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 1907/08 (AH 1325) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 1908/09 (AH 1326) | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 1909/10 (AH 1327) | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 1910/11 (AH 1328) | 1 | 0 | 1 |
An official is counted once in a year. First recorded is the first year in which the collection has an annual entry of the official on this page. It is not a hiring date.
Places
Show the other 8 places
| Place | Province | Officials | Annual entries | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kozan | Adana province | 1 | 2 | 1896 to 1898 |
| Uzunköprü (Cisr-i Ergene) | Edirne province | 1 | 2 | 1888 to 1890 |
| Van | Van province | 1 | 2 | 1893 to 1895 |
| Üsküdar | Istanbul (Dersaadet) province | 1 | 2 | 1882 to 1884 |
| Beirut (Beyrut) | Beirut (Beyrut) province | 1 | 1 | 1897/98 |
| Bitola (Manastır) | Bitola (Manastır) province | 1 | 1 | 1891/92 |
| Kahramanmaraş (Maraş) | Aleppo (Halep) province | 1 | 1 | 1898/99 |
| Mosul (Musul) | Mosul (Musul) province | 1 | 1 | 1901/02 |
Ottoman officials recorded
21 officials, the one with most annual entries first.
Years run from the first to the last annual entry. An official without a recorded name is listed after the named officials.
How to read these records: years and calendars, what first recorded means, gaps between annual entries, and salaries.
Subjects
- 2. Bidayet Mahkemesi Riyaseti
- Ottoman job titles (Osmanlı memuriyet unvanları)
- Labour history (emek tarihi)
- Salaries of officials (memur maaşları)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)