Official
Mihr Tavikyan Efendi
Armenian Christian (Ermeni). Born in Istanbul (Dersaadet) in 1843/44 (AH 1259). On record 1864 to 1896, 33 annual entries. Death recorded 1896/97.
Archive reference 0062_0203; 401
Life#
Born in Istanbul in 1843/44 (AH 1259), Mihr Tavikyan Efendi came from the Armenian Christian (Ermeni) community; the father was a clerk (ketebe). Mihr Tavikyan had four years of schooling, at an Armenian community school (Ermeni Millet Mektebi), attended the telegraph school as well, and wrote Armenian as well as Turkish.
At about 20, in 1863/64, Mihr Tavikyan began work in Istanbul, with one unpaid year as a mülazım (apprentice) before a first salary of 576 kuruş. The first annual entry, for 1864/65, places Mihr Tavikyan in Beyoğlu as an official for foreign communications (Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti). Mihr Tavikyan then moved back to Istanbul, the birthplace, from 1865 to 1868. From 1868 to 1896 every annual entry places Mihr Tavikyan again in Beyoğlu, first as Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti, from 1879/80 as a chief official for foreign communications (Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Başmemuru).
Pay rose from 576 kuruş a month in 1864/65 to a peak of 1,250 in 1876/77, as Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti in Beyoğlu, when 86 per cent of paid officials earned less. In all, 33 years of salary come to 386,904 kuruş, 1.8 times what an official on the median salary earned in those years. The last annual entry is for 1895/96; the list of 1896/97 (AH 1314) gives the status word Vefat (death).
Places in order of time#
Each number is a stop: the birthplace, the place of first work, then every place of the annual entries in turn. The year beside an arrow is the first entry at the new place.
Born 1843/44 (AH 1259); First work 1863/64 (AH 1280)
1865 to 1868 (AH 1282 to 1284)
Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti
480 to 800 kuruş a month; entries in 3 years
1868 to 1896 (AH 1285 to 1313)
Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti 1868 to 1879 (AH 1285 to 1296); Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Başmemuru 1879 to 1896 (AH 1297 to 1313)
710 to 1,250 kuruş a month; entries in 29 years
Death recorded in the annual list of 1896/97 (AH 1314): the word Vefat, not a date of death.
Career and salary#
Log scale: equal steps are equal ratios. The median of the same title is drawn for the years in which at least 5 officials with that title had a salary.
The numbers of the chart
| Year | Salary | Median, all officials | Median, same title | Paid less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1864/65 | 576 | 625 | 860 | 40% |
| 1865/66 | 576 | 650 | 588 | 38% |
| 1866/67 | 480 | 600 | 600 | 29% |
| 1867/68 | 800 | 600 | 600 | 61% |
| 1868/69 | 800 | 600 | 570 | 61% |
| 1869/70 | 800 | 600 | 576 | 61% |
| 1870/71 | 800 | 600 | 600 | 63% |
| 1871/72 | 710 | 550 | 570 | 63% |
| 1872/73 | 750 | 550 | 585 | 63% |
| 1873/74 | 800 | 500 | 570 | 70% |
| 1874/75 | 925 | 535 | 650 | 76% |
| 1875/76 | 925 | 530 | 700 | 76% |
| 1876/77 | 1,250 | 582.5 | 600 | 86% |
| 1877/78 | 1,250 | 560 | 600 | 86% |
| 1878 | 1,250 | 600 | 600 | 85% |
| 1878/79 | 1,250 | 600 | 600 | 85% |
| 1879/80 | 1,000 | 500 | 84% | |
| 1880/81 | 1,000 | 500 | 84% | |
| 1881/82 | 1,000 | 500 | 84% | |
| 1882/83 | 1,000 | 500 | 82% | |
| 1883/84 | 1,000 | 500 | 760 | 82% |
| 1884/85 | 1,000 | 500 | 760 | 82% |
| 1885/86 | 1,000 | 500 | 760 | 83% |
| 1886/87 | 1,000 | 500 | 760 | 84% |
| 1887/88 | 1,000 | 500 | 760 | 83% |
| 1888/89 | 1,100 | 500 | 760 | 87% |
| 1889/90 | 1,100 | 500 | 780 | 88% |
| 1890/91 | 1,150 | 500 | 800 | 89% |
| 1891/92 | 1,150 | 500 | 780 | 90% |
| 1892/93 | 1,200 | 500 | 750 | 90% |
| 1893/94 | 1,200 | 500 | 700 | 91% |
| 1894/95 | 1,200 | 500 | 700 | 91% |
| 1895/96 | 1,200 | 500 | 800 | 90% |
Paid less: the share of the other officials with a salary that year who earned less.
Point at a year for its salary, title, place and the median of all officials paid that year. Choose a row of the table to mark its years in the charts and its stop on the map.
| Years | Title | Place | Salary (kuruş a month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1863/64AH 1280 | First work | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 576first-salary field |
| 1864/65AH 1281 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beyoğlu | 576 |
| 1865 to 1868AH 1282 to 1284 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 576 to 800 |
| 1868 to 1879AH 1285 to 1296 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beyoğlu | 800 to 1,250 |
| 1879 to 1896AH 1297 to 1313 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Başmemuru | Beyoğlu | 1,000 to 1,200 |
| 1896/97AH 1314 | Death recorded | ||
Record#
Personal
- Born
- 1843/44 (AH 1259)
- Birthplace
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Community
- Armenian Christian (Ermeni)
- Nationality as recorded
- Ermeni
- Father's occupation
- Ketebe
- Death recorded
- 1896/97 (AH 1314)the year of the annual list with the word Vefat, not a date of death
Education
- Community school
- Ermeni Millet Mektebi (4 years)Armenian community school
- Higher or professional
- Telgraf Mektebitelegraph school; recorded as a code
- Unpaid years (mülazemet)
- 1 year
- Preparation route (classification of the paper)
- Low
- Qualification (diploma, certificate, training or nişan)
- NoShown as in the flag of the paper. The qualification column of the recovered extract gives yes.
The years count all schooling up to that school, as the record gives them.
Languages
- Armenian
- Kitabetwriting
- Turkish
- Kitabetwriting
The glosses are cautious historical readings of the recorded words, not modern levels of proficiency.
First work
- Year
- 1863/64 (AH 1280)
- Place
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- First salary field (kuruş a month)
- 576
Recorded with#
Officials who share a place, a job title, a school, a birthplace or the year of the first annual entry. Ranks compare the highest monthly salary of each official.
Same place, same years
Of the 285 officials with entries in Beyoğlu in the same years, Mihr Tavikyan Efendi had the 80th highest salary.
- Mustafa Habip Efendi29 shared years; highest salary 15,000 kuruş
- Paskal Mıgırdıç Kazancıyan Efendi29 shared years; highest salary 2,905 kuruş
- Melkon Berhadar Efendi29 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Apostolaki Cizli Efendi29 shared years; highest salary 1,440 kuruş
- Jan Diraço Efendi29 shared years; highest salary 1,100 kuruş
Same job title, same years
Of the 26 officials with the title Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Başmemuru in the same years, Mihr Tavikyan Efendi had the 7th highest salary.
- Yorgi Vasilyadi Efendi16 shared years; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Kostantin De Martin Efendi15 shared years; highest salary 1,500 kuruş
- Mihail Deveciyanis Efendi13 shared years; highest salary 660 kuruş
- Rafael Musa11 shared years; highest salary 1,000 kuruş
- Ali Rıza Efendi9 shared years; highest salary 3,000 kuruş
All 51 officials with the title Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Başmemuru
Same school
Of the 86 officials with Ermeni Millet Mektebi among their schools, Mihr Tavikyan Efendi had the 14th highest salary.
- Karabet Efendiborn 1843/44 (AH 1259); highest salary 2,400 kuruş
- Manuk Filcancıyan Efendiborn 1843/44 (AH 1259); highest salary 750 kuruş
- Mikail Efendiborn 1842/43 (AH 1258); highest salary 2,100 kuruş
- Bagdik Maksut Efendiborn 1844/45 (AH 1260); highest salary 550 kuruş
- Dikran Efendiborn 1844/45 (AH 1260); highest salary 1,400 kuruş
Same birthplace
Of the 1,999 officials born in Istanbul, 1,997 have a recorded salary; Mihr Tavikyan Efendi had the 269th highest salary of them.
- Abdülaziz Efendiborn 1843/44 (AH 1259); highest salary 600 kuruş
- Ahmet Nuri Beyborn 1843/44 (AH 1259); highest salary 2,500 kuruş
- Anastasyadi Hristo Efendiborn 1843/44 (AH 1259); highest salary 710 kuruş
- Bahattin Efendiborn 1843/44 (AH 1259); highest salary 1,300 kuruş
- Cemal Efendiborn 1843/44 (AH 1259); highest salary 840 kuruş
First annual entry in the same year
Of the 40 officials whose first annual entry is for 1864/65 (AH 1281), Mihr Tavikyan Efendi had the 18th highest salary.
- Unnamed official (0007_0149; 295)first entry in Beyoğlu; highest salary 1,250 kuruş
- Mehmet Sait Efendfirst entry in Beyoğlu; highest salary 620 kuruş
- Aristotel Fridas Efendifirst entry in Edirne; highest salary 800 kuruş
- Alfons Mullery Effirst entry in Mosul (Musul); highest salary 1,056 kuruş
- Bekir Sami Efendfirst entry in Istanbul; highest salary 800 kuruş
Full record
Annual entries (33)
| Year | Title | Place | Kuruş a month | Institution | Source | Archive reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1864/65AH 1281 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beyoğlu | 576 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1865/66AH 1282 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 576 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1866/67AH 1283 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 480 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1867/68AH 1284 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Istanbul (Dersaadet) | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1868/69AH 1285 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beyoğlu | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1869/70AH 1286 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beyoğlu | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1870/71AH 1287 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beyoğlu | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1871/72AH 1288 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beyoğlu | 710 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1872/73AH 1289 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beyoğlu | 750 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1873/74AH 1290 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beyoğlu | 800 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1874/75AH 1291 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beyoğlu | 925 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1875/76AH 1292 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beyoğlu | 925 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1876/77AH 1293 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beyoğlu | 1,250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1877/78AH 1294 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beyoğlu | 1,250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1878AH 1295 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beyoğlu | 1,250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1878/79AH 1296 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Memuriyeti | Beyoğlu | 1,250 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1879/80AH 1297 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Başmemuru | Beyoğlu | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1880/81AH 1298 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Başmemuru | Beyoğlu | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1881/82AH 1299 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Başmemuru | Beyoğlu | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1882/83AH 1300 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Başmemuru | Beyoğlu | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1883/84AH 1301 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Başmemuru | Beyoğlu | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1884/85AH 1302 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Başmemuru | Beyoğlu | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1885/86AH 1303 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Başmemuru | Beyoğlu | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1886/87AH 1304 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Başmemuru | Beyoğlu | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1887/88AH 1305 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Başmemuru | Beyoğlu | 1,000 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1888/89AH 1306 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Başmemuru | Beyoğlu | 1,100 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1889/90AH 1307 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Başmemuru | Beyoğlu | 1,100 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1890/91AH 1308 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Başmemuru | Beyoğlu | 1,150 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1891/92AH 1309 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Başmemuru | Beyoğlu | 1,150 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1892/93AH 1310 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Başmemuru | Beyoğlu | 1,200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1893/94AH 1311 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Başmemuru | Beyoğlu | 1,200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1894/95AH 1312 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Başmemuru | Beyoğlu | 1,200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
| 1895/96AH 1313 | Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Başmemuru | Beyoğlu | 1,200 | Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf) | Recovered annual personnel extract | 0062_0203; 401 |
What the sources named in this table are
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
Sources and original values (16)
| Field | Recorded value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Name | Mihr Tavikyan Efendi | Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birth year (AH) | 1259 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Birthplace | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Province of birth | dersaadet | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Father's occupation | ketebe | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Religion | Hristiyan | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Nationality or community | Ermeni | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Schooling | ||
| School | Ermeni Millet Mektebi | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of schooling | 4 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Telegraph school (recorded code) | 1 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Years of apprenticeship (mülazemet) | 1 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work | ||
| First work: year (AH) | 1280 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First work: Gregorian year as stored | 1863 | Recovered annual personnel extract |
| First work: place | istanbul | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| First salary field (kuruş a month) | 576 | Recovered annual personnel extract; Personnel attributes extract; Earlier annual personnel extract |
| Status | ||
| Death recorded under the year (AH) | 1314 | Earlier annual personnel extract (original copy); Earlier annual personnel extract (parallel copy) |
What the sources named in this table are
- Earlier annual personnel extract (original copy)
- A copy of the earlier annual personnel file, read for the title wording of each year. A death taken from it is the status word Vefat in the title field of one annual list: the year is the year of that list, not a date of death.
- Earlier annual personnel extract (parallel copy)
- A second copy of the earlier annual personnel file, read in the same way. A death taken from it is the status word Vefat in the title field of one annual list: the year is the year of that list, not a date of death. Two copies that agree are one piece of evidence, not two.
- Earlier annual personnel extract
- The detailed annual personnel file of October 2024. An official found only in this file keeps the years, titles and salaries it gives.
- Recovered annual personnel extract
- The merged annual personnel file recovered for the replication of the first paper. Annual entries are taken from it for every official it holds.
- Personnel attributes extract
- The detailed personnel file of September 2025, read for personal details such as birth, schooling and first work.
- Origin of the record: Post and Telegraph personnel records.
- 27 annual entries of 33 belong to the saved estimation sample of the paper.
How to read this record: calendar years, years without an annual entry, salaries and sources.
Subjects
- Mihr Tavikyan Efendi
- Chief official for foreign communications (Muhaberat-ı Ecnebiye Başmemuru)
- Beyoğlu
- Istanbul (Dersaadet)
- Armenian community school (Ermeni Millet Mektebi)
- Post and Telegraph (Posta ve Telgraf)
- Armenian Christian (Ermeni)
- Biography of an Ottoman official (Osmanlı memurunun biyografisi)
- Career and pay (memuriyet ve maaş)
- Ottoman history (Osmanlı tarihi)
- Ottoman bureaucracy (Osmanlı bürokrasisi)
- Ottoman officials (Osmanlı'da memurlar)
- Ottoman personnel registers (Sicill-i Ahvâl defterleri)
- Ottoman registers (Osmanlı defterleri)